Swedish playwright and novelist. 1849 65438+/kloc-0 was born in Stockholm on October 22nd. Father is a ship broker. 1867 was admitted to Uppsala University, and was suspended for several times. I worked as a primary school teacher and a newspaper reporter, and then worked as a librarian in the Royal Library. He began to write plays in university, among which the play Exile, which reflects the conflict between father and daughter in Icelandic mythology, was appreciated by King Karl Xv and was summoned and rewarded. Teacher orlov, a five-act historical drama with the theme of Reformation, is a successful drama he created on the basis of learning the writing skills of Shakespeare and Goethe. The novel "The Red Chamber" (1879) uses Dickens' technique to sharply satirize and lash the hypocritical, fraudulent and decadent society, and surpasses the predecessors in the description of Stockholm scenery, so it became famous at one fell swoop. This is the first work with naturalism in the history of Swedish literature.
Strindberg is radical on other social issues, but conservative on the issue of women's liberation. The first episode of his collection of short stories "Marriage Collection" scoffed at Ibsen's "Doll's House" and was sued by the court for the description of the Eucharist. Although he was acquitted, he suffered a heavy mental blow. 1886, the second episode of Marriage Collection, the novel A Madman's Debate written in French (1887 ~ 1888) and the drama Father (1887) all clearly show his discrimination against women.
He also wrote an excellent autobiographical novel, The Maid's Son (4 volumes, 1886 ~ 1909), and a novella, Residents of hymes Island (1887), which is famous for describing the scenery of the islands, and is known as Miss Julie (65438) In the seven years after 1890, economic distress and marital misfortune plunged him into mysticism. Since 1898, his drama creation has entered a new stage, from naturalism to expressionism and symbolism, such as The Play to Damascus (3 parts: 1 ~ 2,1898; 3, 1904), dead soul dance (190 1) and a fantasy drama (1902) expressed his grief, sadness and despair in a fantasy way. In his later period, he created a large number of outstanding historical dramas, among which Gustav Vasa (1899) is particularly prominent in layout and characterization. The excellent indoor drama is the Phantom Sonata (1907). His last masterpiece is the drama Road (1909). In his later years, he engaged in language research and published some valuable works. He also used his self-taught knowledge of Chinese to write the book The Origin of China Characters.
Strindberg wrote more than 60 plays, a large number of novels, poems and language studies in his life, leaving more than 7,000 letters. His plays changed from realism to naturalism, and from naturalism to expressionism and symbolism, which had a great influence on the drama art in Europe and America and promoted the development of the film industry at that time. His language research has also made great contributions to the development of Swedish literature and language.