China Northwest Teaching Plan
Teaching objectives
I. Knowledge and skills
Make students understand the scope of northwest China, the location of major areas, major terrain areas, major mineral areas, industrial cities and the distribution of major railway lines; Make students master the natural characteristics of drought in northwest China and its influence on agricultural production.
Second, the process and methods
Through the ability of reading, using and drawing pictures, this paper summarizes the natural characteristics of northwest China-drought, and analyzes the influence of natural characteristics dominated by drought on agricultural production.
Third, emotional attitudes and values
By describing the rich natural resources, vast territory and numerous grasslands in this area, we can see that the development prospect of agriculture and animal husbandry in this area is very good, so as to educate students to love the frontier and inspire their determination and confidence in developing the frontier and building the motherland. Teaching focus
This paper analyzes the natural characteristics of drought and its influence on agricultural production.
Teaching difficulties
This paper analyzes the natural characteristics of drought and its influence on agricultural production.
teaching method
Cooperative inquiry method and explanation method
Preparation before class
Courseware and pre-class study plan
Class arrangement
One class hour
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
Teacher: Last class, we studied the northern region together. Now, please enjoy the landscape map of a certain area. Please think about it: Do you know which part of our country this is? Is it the same as several partitions we have studied? Why is there such a scene? Today, we are going to study the northwest region. (Take photos with the "Xue Le Teachers and Students" APP to show the results collected by students after class. It is shown in the activities of "teaching". )
Second, the new lesson learning
Teacher: Please look at the map of Northwest China in the courseware.
Thinking: Who can point out the scope of this area, things, provinces and neighboring countries as geographical boundaries, and then sum up the location characteristics of this area? Guide from different angles of latitude, land and sea and relative position. )
Summary: Northwest China is located in the northern and northwestern frontiers of China, belonging to inland areas, far from the sea, and far from the sea to the west.
Teacher's question: This area is deep inland and far from the ocean. How does this affect the precipitation in this area?
The student replied: the less precipitation, the farther away from the ocean, the less precipitation, that is, the farther west.
Reading Guidance: Instruct students to further explain the distribution of precipitation in this area with the map of "Annual Precipitation in China" in the map set: the eastern part of Inner Mongolia is 400 mm, and the western part is gradually reduced to less than 200 mm or even 50 mm. Therefore, drought has become the main natural environmental feature in this area.
Think about it: apart from the land and sea location, what else can affect the water vapor to go deep into the northwest inland? (Topography) What are the main topographical areas in this area?
Look at the picture: Please find out in the picture: Inner Mongolia Plateau, Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountain, Turpan Basin and Taklimakan Desert. What is the main terrain in this area?
Teacher: The main topographical areas in this area are Inner Mongolia Plateau, Tarim Basin and Junggar Basin. Inner Mongolia Plateau is flat and open, with obvious wind erosion in the west, and grotesque wind-eroded castles and mushrooms are formed on the Gobi Desert. In the middle of Talisen Basin, there is a desert with an area equivalent to that of China-Taklimakan Desert, and undulating crescent dunes can be seen everywhere in the desert area. It can be seen that the topography of northwest China is mainly plateau and mountain.
Question: Please look for the main mountains and basins in X- Xinjiang on the topographic map. What are the remarkable features of X- Xinjiang topography?
Board drawing: X Schematic diagram of "Three Mountains and Two Pots" in Xinjiang (the teacher draws on the blackboard and instructs the students to draw on the book).
Illustration: X The terrain of Xinjiang is like the right half of Xinjiang-Tai. From north to south, the three horizontal lines represent Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain and Kunlun Mountain in turn, and the two fields represent Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin respectively. It has formed the topographic and structural characteristics of "three mountains and two basins", and the Tianshan Mountains span between the Tarim Basin and the Junggar Basin.
Slide show: Distribution map of grassland and desert in northwest China.
Q: What changes have taken place in the surface vegetation in this area from east to west? Why?
A: From east to west, the surface vegetation is mainly grassland, desert grassland and desert.
Description: Hulunbeier grassland in eastern Inner Mongolia has a little more precipitation in summer, rich aquatic plants and herds of cattle and sheep. Due to less and less precipitation, grasslands in western Inner Mongolia, Hexi Corridor in Gansu and great basin in Xinjiang, west of Helan Mountain, are becoming shorter and thinner, and gradually become deserts.
Look at the map: Find the Tarim River on the Map of Location and Topography of Northwest China. What are the characteristics of observing rivers and lakes in this area?
Teacher: There are few rivers in this area, most of which are inland rivers, and the longest is Tarim River. Lakes are also mostly inner lakes. It is in sharp contrast with the "water town and country" in the southern region. The reason is: living in the inland, there is less precipitation and strong evaporation, so the river is less and the water is small. There are many deserts and Gobi along the river, and a lot of water evaporates and leaks, and the water quantity is getting less and less. The downstream mostly disappears in the desert or flows into the inner lake, and cannot flow into the ocean.
Thinking: Some people say that northwest water is more expensive than gold. Do you agree? Why?
Teacher: Because the climate in this area is dry and water resources are scarce, water plays a vital role in human production and life. As far as agriculture is concerned, water has become the primary factor restricting agricultural development.
Q: What kind of agriculture is mainly suitable for the development of northwest China? (animal husbandry)
Thinking: If you are a farmer in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and want to build an animal husbandry base, where do you think is suitable? Can you draw it on the map? Where else can I build a livestock base?
Display projection: What changes have taken place in vegetation from the foothills to the top of the mountain? How to use the grassland resources here? Is this mountain a pasture in winter or in summer? Why? This is Tianshan pasture in X Xinjiang. Due to hydrothermal conditions, the pasture distribution is vertical.
Q: Besides developing animal husbandry, what kind of agriculture can be properly developed in the northwest? (planting)
Water is one of the basic natural conditions for agricultural development. In the northwest, the possibility of atmospheric precipitation is not great, so where does the water come from? Please help find water and imagine where the agricultural planting area may be. Why?
Teacher: Yes, everyone has a good eye. In Hetao Plain and Ningxia Plain, the Yellow River water can be used for irrigation. Because of water, it has developed into a green land with abundant products, so it is called "Jiangnan beyond the Great Wall".
Q: Where else can we develop agriculture? How to solve the water problem?
Teacher: In summer, because of the high temperature in summer, the ice and snow melt.
Question: So, how to use groundwater?
Display projection: introduce the principle of karez.
Teacher: Karez is really a good way to protect irrigation, save water and prevent evaporation.
To develop northwest agriculture, there must be water irrigation, so this kind of agriculture is called "irrigated agriculture". Teacher: there is a popular saying in northwest China: sparrows and peacocks fly southeast. What does this mean?
To develop the northwest, we must have a world vision, and the way out for world development is nothing more than industrialization. How can we embark on the road of industrialization? Let's look for the advantages of northwest development.
Exhibition: Map of mineral resources, major cities and traffic distribution in northwest China.
Q: What does Northwest China rely on to develop its economy? What are the characteristics of industrial distribution? What's the traffic situation in northwest China?
The students answered.
Summary: Northwest China is rich in mineral resources. In recent decades, the traffic conditions have been greatly improved by making use of local resources and unique geographical environment characteristics to vigorously develop related industries.
Show pictures: pictures about desertification, grassland degradation and animal killing in northwest China.
Transition: However, the climate in northwest China is arid, deserts are widely distributed, and the ecological environment is relatively fragile. So, what problems must be paid attention to in resource development?
Student: Protect the ecological environment.
Third, the class summary
In this lesson, we learned that the northwest region is an arid region, located in the northern and northwest frontiers of China, and the inland terrain is mainly plateau and mountain; There are few rivers and many inland rivers. Agriculture is dominated by animal husbandry. Northwest China is also rich in mineral resources, but we must protect the ecological environment when developing it.
Fourth, classroom exercises.
1. The _ _ _ _ _ desert in China is located in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. The terrain in the northwest is mainly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
3. The most striking natural feature of the Qinghai-Tibet region is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
4. Among the four pastoral areas in China, there are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Located in the Qinghai-Tibet region is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
5. There are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assignment
What is the main terrain in the northwest of China?
Sixth, blackboard design
northwest area
I. Arid land
1. Location and scope-Located in the northern and northwestern frontiers of China, living inland.
2. Topography-mainly plateaus and mountains ("three mountains and two basins")
3. Surface landscape (from east to west): grassland-desert grassland-desert.
4. There are fewer rivers and more inland rivers.
Second, agriculture-mainly animal husbandry.
1. Main animal husbandry bases: pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia and mountainous areas in Xinjiang.
2. It is irrigated agriculture (Ningxia Plain, Hetao Plain, X Xinjiang Desert Oasis) with little planting.
3. Rich mineral resources: (10) Oil and natural gas; (Jinchang, Gansu) Nickel Mine; (Inner Mongolia) Coal
Fourth, the ecological environment is fragile.
extreme
Chapter V Geographical differences in China.
Section 1 Division of Four Geographical Regions
Teaching objectives
Knowledge target
1. Have a preliminary understanding of the reasons for regional division and the corresponding types of geographical areas;
2. Regionalization on a simple map;
3. Point out the geographical location, scope and division reasons of the four areas on the map;
4. Find out the Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River on the map, and explain the significance of the Qinling Huaihe River Line.
capability goal
1. Cultivate students' abilities of reading, analyzing, observing and judging, and actively exploring.
2. Make students master the division method of geographical things.
Moral education goal
Through the teaching of this course, students will love the great rivers and mountains of the motherland more.
Teaching focus
The location, scope and division reasons of the four geographical regions in China.
Teaching difficulties
Combining with the map, make students form the spatial concept of geographical things.
teaching method
Look at the pictures, observe, tell heuristics, students' activities and explore.
training/teaching aid
Multimedia courseware, teaching slides, teaching wall charts, etc.
Class arrangement
1 class hour
teaching process
[introducing new lessons]
Match X- landscape maps of alpine pastoral areas in Xinjiang, Dai bamboo house with tropical scenery in Xishuangbanna, industrial production lines in southeast coastal special economic zones, and agricultural and industrial landscapes in Yangtze River Delta with the oral lines of four actors (students) and open them in turn.
[teaching new lessons]
After this activity, please ask one or two students to try to describe the characteristics of their hometown.
The teacher leads the students to sum up: the above students' descriptions tell many different types of geographical areas: (displayed on the big screen in turn)
At this point, students have more or less understood the regional differences in China.
(blackboard writing) Chapter 5 Geographical differences in China
Think about it: (big screen display) Why are there different geographical areas?
Students express their opinions and teachers can give guidance. Finally, it is divided according to different needs.
Students, look at the screen. (textbook figure 5. 1)
Divide into four groups according to students' seats. Each group is responsible for finding out the terms related to that region in one geographical area. Finally, each group chooses a representative to state the results, and the teacher summarizes: (big screen display) X Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region-pastoral area
Southeast coast-special economic zone
Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture-tropical tourism area
Yangtze River Delta-Agricultural Area-Industrial Area
Think about it: can a region belong to only one geographical area, and can it have multiple "identities" at the same time?
Students think and answer: Yes, you can.
Activity 1: (Activity 1 on page 3 of the text) After finishing, let the students at the same table exchange the division results with each other.
Question: Do you find that the division results are not completely consistent? (Yes)
Guide students to realize that there should be clear indicators for dividing areas.
Students, if an American friend wants to send you a letter, can you tell him your detailed address? (Ask one or two students)
(big screen display)
XX province (autonomous region) XX county (autonomous county, city) XX township (town)
Several students first explain their province (autonomous region), then county (autonomous county, city), and then xx township (town). Think about it, what is the meaning of this order? Is it okay not to do this? Ask the students to explain. If students have problems, teachers will give examples.
(big screen display)
Xx province (autonomous region)-first-level administrative region
Xx county (autonomous county, city)-secondary administrative region
Xx township (town)-three administrative regions
Summary: (big screen display)
The same type of region can also be divided into regions of different scales or levels. (blackboard writing)
Example: (large screen display)
Activity 2: (Let students investigate the relationship between different levels of postal codes and administrative regions) Check the results of students' investigation;
The first and second codes represent the first-level administrative region.
The third and fourth digit codes represent lower administrative regions.
The fifth and sixth codes indicate the code of the delivery department.
Students, in our daily life, what other examples reflect the different scales or levels of the region?
Such as: long distance telephone number: area code+telephone number
Transfer: Now, we already know that different geographical areas can be divided for different reasons (or to meet different needs). Students, please look at the big screen: China has a vast territory, and the geographical environment in different regions is very different. Next, we will divide the regions according to the differences in geographical location, natural and human geographical characteristics. (At this time, a flashing regional boundary appears on the topographic map of China, with the regional name attached. ) which area the teacher points to with the cursor, that is, ask the students to read the name of this area collectively.
Summary: This is the division of four geographical regions in China.
(Writing on the blackboard): Section 1 Division of Four Geographical Regions
Let's first look at the reasons for the division of the four geographical regions, as well as the location and scope of the regions.
(Give students enough time to do activities and explore)-Do the activity questions on page 5, and students can discuss with each other and exchange the results of the activities. Finally, the teacher summed up and put the boundary, location and scope of the area on the map and wrote it on the blackboard.
Activity topic reference answer:
1.
The dominant factor to determine boundary A is the influence of summer monsoon, which is roughly consistent with the 400mm isorainfall line-the northwest region is deep inland, not easily affected by summer monsoon, and the precipitation is small and dry. The eastern monsoon region is affected by the summer monsoon, with more precipitation, which belongs to the humid and semi-humid region.
2.① Boundary B is closest to the 0℃ isotherm of 65438+ 10 month.
② Boundary B approximates the distribution of 800 mm isoprecipitation line.
③ The determination of boundary B is mainly influenced by temperature and precipitation-comprehensive climate.
④ Qinling-Huaihe River.
3. The boundaries between the first step and the second step are basically the same.
The dominant factor in determining the boundary line C is the terrain factor.
[course summary]
In this lesson, we mainly learned that people can divide geographical regions according to different needs, and a region can have multiple "identities" at the same time. The same type of region can also be divided into regions of different scales or levels. On this basis, the division basis, location and scope of the four major geographical regions in China are emphatically studied. It is precisely because there are great differences between regions, and there are many similarities or similarities in the same region, so it is necessary for us to divide them into regions, which is conducive to people arranging production and life according to local conditions.
Knowledge and detection points
[Feedback exercise]
1. Fill in the blanks
(1) The dividing line between the northern region and the southern region is roughly consistent with (mountains) and (rivers).
(2) The boundary between the northwest and the north is roughly the influence boundary, which is roughly consistent with the precipitation line such as MM. ..
(3) The boundaries between Qinghai-Tibet and Northwest China, and between North China and South China are roughly the same as those between the first and second steps.
judge
(1) A region can only belong to one geographical region. (×)
(2) There is no difference in the level or scale of the same type of areas. (×)
(3) There are only four geographical regions in China. (×)
(4) The four geographical regions of China have their own characteristics in location, nature and human geography. (√)
3. Where are the following provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government?
Northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Southern Xizang Autonomous Region
Northwest area of Beijing
Qinghai-Tibet region in Shanghai
4. Drawing (see textbook)
Draw the following geographical things on the blank map of China administrative area:
Qinling, Huaihe, Kunlun, Qilian, Hengduan, Daxinganling, Yinshan and Helan Mountains.