Su Shi
Looking at Lushan Mountain from the front and side of peaks and valleys, from far, near, high and low places, Lushan Mountain presents various faces.
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there.
interpret
"Looking at the mountain side into a peak, the distance is different." Seen from the front, Lushan Mountain is a winding mountain range. Seen from the side, Lushan Mountain is a towering mountain peak. Seen from a distance, from a distance, from a high place and from a low place, Lushan Mountain presents different postures and is full of weather. 〕
"Looking horizontally" means looking from left to right or from right to left. "Horizontal" describes the vastness, majesty and magnificence of Lushan Mountain. "Side" means looking up and down from the side. The poet did not use the word "vertical" instead of "horizontal" because "horizontal" is more meaningful than "vertical". Although "vertical" is sharp and firm, it is a narrow strip, which loses the beauty of the peak of Lushan Mountain. "Side" is opposite to "horizontal", and the surface seen is obviously wider than "vertical". In this way, the visual image viewed from the side is a three-dimensional "mountain peak" of reach for the sky. "Horizontal" is a description of the whole picture, and "horizontal" is a concrete description of the part. From the different perspectives of "horizontal" and "horizontal", "ridge" and "peak" also come into the viewer's eyes: horizontal and "horizontal" are connected, "ridge" and "peak" are integrated into one, and mountains are winding. This is an overall description of Lushan Mountain.
"Different distances and heights" is the concretization and deepening of the overall image of "looking horizontally" and "looking horizontally". "Different" means far, near, horizontal and horizontal. From the four different perspectives of "distance and height", several different visual images are written. If we think that it is only the four angles of "distance and height", then we don't understand the ingenuity and exquisite artistic techniques of the poet, and we don't understand the concrete and full artistic realm of "different". To understand "difference", it is necessary to analyze "distance and height". Looking at Lushan Mountain in the distance, it is expected to be horizontal, lateral, high and low; But the immersive "proximity" and "seeing" will also broaden our horizons from these four angles, and four different visual images will appear. The concrete images of these four angles are the concrete content of "seeing" and the concrete description of "seeing". It can be seen that this poem is a summary of the poet's personal experience of visiting Lushan Mountain. Looking at Lushan Mountain in the distance, there are many beautiful gestures that attract tourists, so it is inevitable to look "close". When a poet comes to Lushan Mountain, he will go from high to low, from front to far, and from horizontal to lateral. Compared with the "far" scenery of Lushan Mountain, the distance is short, the vision is small, the scenery is true, and it is even more fascinated by the beauty of Lushan Mountain. The poet began to climb high along the mountain road. Looking at the "low" place, the visual space is open, and then looking at the high distance and near side, the scenery you see is amazing, but there is no repeated image. Careless readers often ignore the rich connotation of "distance". Only by understanding these can we truly understand the various forms of Lushan Mountain described by the poet. Through the comparison of "distance" and "height", the poet found that the mountains and valleys of Lushan Mountain were more confusing. At the same time, through the opposite description of "distance" and "height", the extremely universal philosophies such as part and whole, concreteness and abstraction, analysis and synthesis are revealed from natural phenomena.
"I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain." Being in Lushan Mountain, I can't recognize what it looks like when I look sideways, sideways, far away, near, high and low. This is precisely because in the middle of Lushan Mountain, I only see one mountain and one ridge, but I can't see the whole picture of Lushan Mountain. 〕
"Ignorance" is because of "difference", because from the different angles of "distance and height" and "side", the mountains are curved, with vertical and horizontal hills and valleys and overlapping peaks and hills. How can you know the whole face of Lushan Mountain at a glance? "Far and near" and "side" are concrete parts, and "true face" is the generalization and synthesis of "far and near" and "side". The complex visual images of "distance and height" and "profile" are partial, concrete, one-sided and individual. Who can say that the individual peaks of a local mountain are Lushan Mountain, and who can say that one side of the ridge is the whole ridge? Su Shi wrote seven poems when he traveled to Lushan Mountain. This was written when he finally went to Xilin with the chief elder. Su Shi said that "the poem of Lushan Mountain stops here", which shows that the understanding of the "true face" of Lushan Mountain is the true meaning of "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain" after a hard climb.
In this Mountain, the interpretation of the theme is very profound, which is the finishing touch. Obedience inherits "ignorance", explains the root of "ignorance" and reveals the basic law of understanding things-the authorities are fascinated and the onlookers are clear. "On this mountain" means "different". In this mountain, we know each other everywhere, but we don't know each other-because it's different. We deeply understand the poet's writing of Lushan Mountain in various ways, which can be described as ingenious; The second part follows nature, reveals the extremely complicated cognitive process from "ignorance" to "knowledge", and writes a profound philosophy: abstraction lies in concreteness, rationality lies in sensibility, whole lies in parts, macro lies in microcosmic, and synthesis lies in analysis, which is extremely universal and extremely important philosophy. The poet integrated these principles into the singing of mountains and rivers, won many readers and showed its eternal vitality.
summary
By observing and praising the majestic Lushan Mountain, the author of this poem reveals a universal and profound philosophy: the authorities are fascinated and the bystanders are clear.
The first sentence of this poem is always about the outstanding impression gained by visiting Lushan Mountain. The second sentence is divided into different postures of Lushan Mountain seen from different observation points. The second part of the poem is about "morality", which reveals a profound truth. Writing mountains is for "morality", and "morality" is expressed through mountains. The logic of the upper and lower couplet is strict, the meaning and pulse are connected, and they are integrated. This poem about visiting Lushan Mountain is a masterpiece of Su Shi's poems. Especially the last two sentences, which are novel in conception, rich in connotation, thought-provoking and well-known, are often quoted by people.