"Qi Luo Xiang·Wing Chun Rain" is a work by the poet Shi Dazu of the Southern Song Dynasty. The following is the original text and appreciation of "Qi Luo Xiang·Wing Chun Rain". Welcome to read it.
Original text
Being a cold deceiver of flowers, trapping smoke in willows, secretly urging the evening of spring from thousands of miles away. I have been lost all day long, and I still live in sorrow. When the powder is heavy, the butterflies live in the West Garden; when the mud is moist, the swallows return to Nanpu. The worst thing to do is to make a good appointment and be romantic, and the carriage will not reach Duling Road.
Looking up to the top of the Shenchen River, it is difficult to find Guandu due to the late spring tide. Faintly distant peaks, thanking my mother-in-law with tears. When the shore is broken and new green emerges, it is a place where red falls and flows with sadness. Remember that day, when the pear blossoms were hidden behind the door, and the lights were cut off to talk late into the night.
Appreciation
Shi Dazu was good at describing scenery and was good at chanting things. This Wing Chun Yu song "Qi Luo Xiang" is cleverly conceived, vividly described, and deeply emotional. It is also one of his masterpieces of chanting things.
In the late Southern Song Dynasty, there were two different writing tendencies in the poetry world. One is: instead of describing the object in detail and realistically, and sometimes not even describing the appearance of the "object" at all, they try their best to write down the "character" of the object they are chanting and borrow the "character" of the object. To express the author's personality and spirit. For example, Jiang Kui's "Businessman": "The moon is over the sea and the clouds are sinking. The gulls are flying to Wubo. There is a branch passing by Xiling. The bamboos are dark and people are quiet." This poem is a poem about plum blossoms, but the poet did not describe the color, fragrance and appearance of the plum blossoms at all. Instead, he used the bright moon, seagulls, bamboo and other noble objects as the background, and set off a plum tree in Xiling from the side, hinting at the beauty of the plum blossom. "Lonely" and "clean" express the author's personality. Although this writing tendency of leaving out the appearance and focusing on the character helps to deepen the meaning of the work, because the center of its artistic expression is the character of the object rather than the specific appearance, it is difficult to give readers a concrete, clear, and vivid picture. Vivid feelings. Wang Guowei said that reading this kind of works is like "seeing flowers in the mist, and finally there is a layer of separation." ("Human Words"), which explains the weaknesses of this kind of works.
Another tendency in the writing of poetry about things is to focus on the depiction of the physical appearance of objects, striving for physical resemblance as well as spiritual resemblance. Through the delicate and accurate description of the things chanted, we strive to create a realistic and vivid picture, and thereby convey the author's emotions. This is what Shi Dazu said.
With just one stroke of the pen, the poet created a state of mist, mist and drowsiness. The misty spring rain brings a chill, which destroys the flowers that like warmth. The mist envelopes the willow trees, the sky is dim and dim, and there is a twilight, as if secretly prompted by the spring rain. "Being cold and deceiving the flowers" gives people a tactile feeling; "Trapped the smoke in the willows" gives people a visual feeling; "Secretly urging the evening of spring" cleverly mobilizes people's auditory organs and makes people feel It's like hearing the rustling footsteps of spring rain. The three sentences at the beginning of the pen are extraordinary and capture the soul of the spring rain, turning the continuous spring rain on the paper into an object that can be felt, touched, seen and heard.
The next two sentences of "end of the day" further describe the unique appearance of spring rain. The first sentence says that the spring rain is very thin and dense, blurry, and fills the space. It focuses on the static nature of the spring rain. The second sentence says that the spring rain suddenly starts and stops, and stops and falls, and it always falls. It focuses on the characteristics of the rain. dynamic. The combination of movement and stillness makes the image of Chunyu appear more vividly and concretely in front of readers. At the same time, the word "sorrow" is used to brighten the atmosphere and set the emotional tone of the whole word.
The above five sentences, the author closely followed the characteristics of spring rain and copied them to the point of extreme beauty. It was difficult to describe further, so the author changed his pen and wrote about the actions of swallows and butterflies. The spring rain wets the butterfly's wings, which affects its ability to spread its wings and fly, so the butterfly is frightened. Spring rain moistens the soil, making it easier for swallows to pick up the mud and build nests, so the swallows are happy. The misty and gloomy spring rain picture is decorated with purple swallows and plain butterflies, and the color has changed, presenting a sad and beautiful state. The role of swallows and butterflies not only sets off the spring rain and expands the context of the poem, but also reflects the author's lonely and gloomy mood.
The two sentences "most hindering it" describe the impact of spring rain on my date. "Good date and romantic date" refers to a date between a man and a woman. A gold car is a gorgeous car decorated with gold. Duling is located near Chang'an, where the tomb of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty is located. There are many rich and noble families nearby. It also refers to the place where you can date your lover. The spring rain continued, the roads were muddy, and the carriage of the loved one was blocked, so the date came to nothing.
These two sentences blend into the boudoir feeling because of their chanting of objects. The party of "good appointment" may be the author himself. The rain hinders the good appointment, the car is difficult to arrive, the loved one disappears, and the sadness can be known. These two sentences closely correspond to the word "sorrow" in front of them. The author blends his melancholy into the rainy scene, and uses the dimness of the spring rain to reveal the author's unseen feelings. The two scenes are harmonious and harmonious, which is wonderful.
In the next film, the author continues to combine rain chanting with lyricism. The first film focuses on describing spring rain while also containing melancholy, while the second film mainly expresses feelings of nostalgia while still relating to the meaning of rain.
The first three sentences describe that the sky is getting late, the tide is rising with the rain, and the river is turbulent. The author stands on the riverside, looking far into the distance, but sees the misty waves, which are confusing and boundless. The official ferry (Guandu) Hidden in the mist and rain, it is difficult to find. "It is still difficult to find Guandu due to the late spring tide," which is adapted from the Qijue masterpiece "Chuzhou West Stream" by Wei Yingwu of the Tang Dynasty: "The spring tide brings late rain and rushes, and there is no boat crossing in the wild" to create its own artistic conception. Wei Shi expresses a leisurely and leisurely mood through the description of the scenery on a rainy day, with strong tides, no one on the wild crossing, and the boat crossing its course.
The historical poem follows the two sentences "The worst thing about his good date is that the car will not reach Duling Road", which expresses his melancholy in a further and deeper level: if the land road is not accessible, he will look for a waterway, and if Guandu is not available, his sorrow will turn around. Strong, as you can imagine. It is written with twists and turns and meticulous writing techniques. Guandu was out of sight, and all that came into view were a few faint peaks in the distance. The sentence "Thank you for your tears, my mother-in-law Wu" is a wonderful stroke. Xie Niang was originally a singing girl in the Tang Dynasty. Here she refers to the woman that the author misses. Meiwu refers to a woman’s charming eyebrows. This sentence is personified and has profound implications. First, he vividly describes the shape of the mountain peaks in the mist and rain; second, he compares the distant mountains to Xie Niang (his lover), which shows that the author is lingering in his heart because of "the rain hinders the good date" and cannot get rid of it. . Thirdly, when Xie Niang is written in tears, the author is also thinking that the other party will be sad and cry because she misses him. This writing method of "writing from the opposite side" further shows the depth of the author's lovesickness. This is similar to Li Shangyin's poem "Looking in the morning mirror but worrying about the clouds on the temples, chanting at night and feeling the cold moonlight" and Du Fu's poem "Tonight in Yanzhou, I can only look at the moon in my boudoir". The writing method is slightly the same, but the layers are more and deeper. It is indeed An extremely rare and beautiful sentence.
The spring rain is continuous, and the loved one disappears, how does it hurt? "When the new green grows near the broken bank, it is the place where sadness flows from the falling red." The two sentences further describe the poet's sadness. The spring rain is moist and fresh green is growing everywhere, but the flowers are damaged, separated from the branches and leaves, and float with sadness into the distance along with the flowing water. The implication is that when the spring rain separates people, there is no other way but to miss each other. Like flowers destroyed by spring rain, there is only one way to go, and that is to "take the sorrow away". The helplessness is beyond words. His melancholy and thoughts are so profound that when I read it, I really feel like "a river of spring water flows eastward".
The last two sentences end with recalling the past, still not far from the rainy scene. "Remember that day when the pear blossoms were hidden behind the door" is adapted from Li Chongyuan's "Remembering Wangsun": "It's dusk, and the pear blossoms are beaten by the rain and the door is closed behind the scenes." "Cut the lamp and say something late at night" is derived from the poem "Night Rain Sends to the North" by Li Shangyin: "Why should I cut the candle on the west window and talk about the night rain in Bashan?" Two sentences recalling the past: It was also a spring day like this, the rain hit the pear blossoms, the courtyard door was closed, and I and my beloved woman gathered together happily, cutting lanterns and talking at night. The artistic conception of the two sentences in the historical poem is what the author has already experienced and is the product of memories. The author used the poems of his predecessors in a flexible and flexible way, not only keeping in mind the original intention of chanting rain and thinking about people, but also used it to reflect his own mood more truly. Li Shangyin's poem is originally a suspenseful poem, imagining a happy gathering in the future, but Shi Dazu used it to recall the past, lamenting that the long gatherings have become a thing of the past, and now he is just alone, looking at the sinking river and the continuous spring rain. After such combination and use, a new realm is formed, which is in perfect harmony with the emotion to be conveyed by the whole word. Using things in this way has reached the point where the ancients called it "blurred without trace".
Looking at the whole poem, the wording is very clever. There is not a single word that says the word "rain", but every sentence is inseparable from the spring rain. At the same time, the whole poem expresses melancholy, written in a tactful and complex manner, with deep emotion. Zhang Yan believes that the good thing about this word is that it "combines the secrets, uses things to fit the topic, and the meaning of a paragraph is all in the conclusion." There is some truth to this.