Ovidius (Publius Naso; March 20, 43 BC to AD 18)
Ancient Roman poet. Born in Surmo near Rome and died in Tomi on the Black Sea. When he was young, he studied rhetoric in Rome and was very interested in poetry. He was married three times, and the third wife was from a famous family, which gave him the opportunity to enter the upper class and make friends with royal poets. In 1 AD, he published "The Art of Love", which described the skills of love and taught the techniques of seduction and fornication, which conflicted with the moral reform policy implemented by Augustus. In 8 AD, he was exiled to Tomi. The poet died of depression 10 years later.
The poet was rich in creation throughout his life. Most of the early poems were elegiac and emotional poems reflecting life and love. For example, the first poetry collection "Love Song" includes "The Chronicles of Women", which includes 21 virtual love letters, as well as "On Appearance", "The Art of Love", "The Medical Treatment of Love", etc. "Metamorphoses", completed in 7 AD, represents the author's highest level. The book is written in hexameter lines, with a total of 15 volumes of poetry, including about 250 mythological stories. The book is written in chronological form from the creation of the world to the death of Caesar and the accession of Augustus to the throne. Story characters include mythical gods, heroes and heroines, and historical figures. The first part (Volume 1) tells the creation of the universe and the four ages of gold, silver, bronze, and black iron. The second part (volumes 2 to 11) is the story of mythical heroes. The third part (volumes 12 to 15) is historical stories. This collection of works is a culmination of Greek and Roman mythology. Each story is vivid and interesting, cleverly interspersed, and all stories always revolve around the theme of "transformation" to illustrate the philosophy that "everything in the world is formed in changes." The author treats gods and humans equally and adopts an irreverent attitude towards them. He aims to use the transformation of gods to express the changing principles of things and express the profound meaning of the world's transformation from chaos to civilization, the rise of Rome from its founding to the prosperity of its empire, and the continuous progress of mankind. The connotation thus shows that Caesar's rule cannot be permanent, and that Augustus's ascension is in line with the needs of the times. The "Records of the Years" created after that was only completed in the first six volumes due to the exile. The content mostly reflects Roman religious festivals, sacrificial rituals and folk customs, and has certain historical value. After he was exiled in 8 AD, he was in a melancholy mood and lived a miserable life. He wrote 5 volumes of "Elegy" and 4 volumes of "Black Sea Slips": the former reflects the life experience in exile and expresses loneliness and regret, while the latter is mostly A letter begging the emperor for mercy.