1. Understand the grief and indignation of patriots such as Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are too ambitious to be rewarded, too old, eager to serve the country, and have no recourse;
2. Observing the poems with similar themes in the whole Southern Song Dynasty with the poem "Shu Nu";
3. Learn the poetry appreciation method of knowing people and discussing the world.
Teaching focus
1, the understanding of the theme of Anger and the application of expression techniques;
2. The guidance of poetry appreciation methods that know people and discuss the world and are interrelated.
Teaching time
One class hour
teaching process
First of all, briefly introduce land travel.
Lu You, the concept of word service, and the number release Weng, was an outstanding patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Influenced by his family, he went from elementary school to serve the country in anger. Throughout his life, he took resisting gold and serving the country as his ambition and showed a high degree of patriotic enthusiasm. Poetry and prose are all created, among which poetry has the highest achievement. There are more than 9300 existing poems, which are the oldest poets.
Second, import text.
Guide students to recall Lu You's poems, among which Hairpin Phoenix and Shower can best reflect Lu You's life experience. Lu You has two unsolved complex in his life. One is the love tragedy between him and his cousin Tang Wan in Hairpin Phoenix. They love each other, but they are separated by their mother. This has become an unforgettable pain for Lu You. It was not until he was seventy-five years old and Tang Wan passed away for more than forty years that he revisited Shen Yuan and still wrote? Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, which used to be a stunning photo? Affectionate poetry. The second one is "Xiuzi"? Beiding Zhongyuan? This great event that troubled him all his life and made him die unsatisfied. Throughout his life, his ambition can't be realized, and the feelings in his heart are the best testimony.
Third, read the text aloud.
1, students try to read, and teachers guide them to read.
? How do you know that things are difficult when you are young? Are you online? So what? Read the tone. Na Zhi? Reread. ? Looking at the central plains in the north like a mountain? Medium? Mountain? Read the rising tone, read the towering mountains. ? It snows in the night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind. The speed of speech is slightly faster and the tone is passionate, which shows its grandeur. ? On the Great Wall, I promised myself that the sideburns in the mirror had faded. In the sentence? Empty? Do you want to reread it? Did you find out first? When reading in a falling tone, the tone of the whole sentence is low, which shows its cadence. ? Who can compare with a teacher for a thousand years? Medium? Real name? Who can match? Stress and complete the sentence with a falling tone.
Reading aloud by teachers, rereading by students and reading aloud are important parts of poetry appreciation, which can not be ignored.
Fourth, understand the content of the text.
1, with the help of the text words on the material, students learn by themselves. Let students read the text and understand the words. Students questioned.
2. Is that right? Angry as a mountain? Understanding: data notes think? Looking at the central plains in the north like a mountain? what's up Angry as a mountain? what's up Looking at the great rivers and mountains occupied by the nomads from the north, do you feel a mountain of bitterness in your heart? Meaning. Do you agree? Anger is piling up? This statement?
Discussion: understood as? Anger is piling up? On the understanding of this sentence, plus? Looking north at the great rivers and mountains occupied by the nomads from the north? , so? Anger is building up in your heart? This understanding seems to make sense in isolation. However, it is meaningless to connect with the next sentence. Thank you for your understanding. How do young people know that things are difficult to do? That is to say, young people are young and inexperienced, and they don't know how difficult it is to recover the Central Plains. Therefore, the poet looks to the Central Plains in the north, and has great ambition to resist gold and save the country and recover the Central Plains. Understand the following sentences. It snows in the night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind. It was two inspiring wars in which Song Jun fought against the nomads from Guazhoudu and Sanguan in his early years, and Song Jun defeated the nomads from there, regained lost ground and won a total victory. The author also went to the front to explore the terrain and spy on the enemy in these two places, so the last two sentences were? Angry as a mountain? The concrete performance, the desire to serve the country, and the efforts made for it are all rendered more concrete and vivid, then? Angry as a mountain? Work? Heroes are like mountains? Better understanding. The poet's ambition to serve the country is lofty, firm and unshakable.
Repeatedly? It snows in the night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind. It's a little strange that this couplet uses only six nouns instead of verbs and function words, and uses montage to form a magnificent picture of military capacity. This form of expression was extremely rare before him, but it became more and more common after him, such as Ma Zhiyuan's Jing Tian Sand in Yuan Dynasty. Dead vine, old tree, faint crow, small bridge and flowing water family, as well as ancient road, west wind and thin horse are also several nouns, but they are not in empty word.
Discussion on Problems in verb (abbreviation of verb) Poetry
1, the title of the poem is book wrath. What did the author do to the whole poem? Angry? , the author? Angry? What is its root?
Discussion:
What is one of your anger? Things are hard? . Difficult, difficult also. ? This world? That is, how difficult is it to resist gold and save the country and recover lost land? Just cite the experience of Yue Fei, a contemporary anti-gold hero. Will anti-Venus last? Hungry to eat pork, laughing and thirsty to drink Hun blood? To clean up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning, to heaven? This ambition, kill nomads from fear, losing ground, straight sigh? It's easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yuegujun? , but it is such an anti-gold backbone, but because of this, it was pursued by the traitor Qin Gui and other national scum? No need? He died of the crime of false harm at the age of 38. Serving the country is not only futile, but also guilty, even to death, it seems difficult to go to heaven.
What is the second kind of anger? Stuck on the Great Wall? What? Empty self-promise? . So-called? Stuck on the Great Wall? It means that when I was young, I expected myself in the name of defending the motherland and carrying forward the frontier, thinking that I could resist hordes like the Great Wall of Wan Li. However, as far as the poet's experience is concerned, he took the Jinshi exam when he was young, which is because he was famous before Qin Gui's grandson Qin Gui. After he became an official, he was dismissed many times for opposing gold. It can be said that his ambition is hard to pay, and there is no way to volunteer. Yi Zhe? Empty? Word, very painful.
What is the third kind of anger? Have the sideburns faded in the mirror? . In his early years, he was heroic. Stuck on the Great Wall? Now, my temples are gray, the mountains and rivers of the motherland are still broken, and the broad masses of people are still suffering, but I am wasting my time and my ambition is hard to pay. Yi Zhe? Already? Word, sadness.
What is the fourth kind of anger? Who can match in a thousand years? . Zhuge Liang took the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, the restoration of the Han Dynasty and the unification of China as his lifelong career. He wrote in the model:? When he was awarded the title of Commander-in-Chief of the Three Armies, he settled in the northern Central Plains, fought against rape and murder, revived the Han Dynasty, and returned to his old capital. ? This just speaks Lu You's mind. Who can write a model? Do your best to die? Where is Zhuge Liang? The implication is that the court in the Southern Song Dynasty was afraid of the enemy like a tiger, and no one like Zhuge Liang came? Award the handsome three armies, and set the Central Plains in the north? Recover the great cause, no one leads.
These four insults? Anger at the country? Sin? Angry ambition is hard to pay, angry years are empty, and angry people don't get it. Angry? In fact, the root of all this lies in the Southern Song Dynasty imperial court? Lord and faction? . Because they are a stumbling block to resisting gold and saving the country, and executioners who stifle patriotic forces. Author's? Angry? Han zhong? Hate it? ,? Angry? Han zhong? Sad? ,? Angry? Born? Is it cool? ,? Angry? Born? Sigh? , thus forming the gloomy and heroic style of this poem.
2. The main expression of this poem.
(1) contrast technique: in the poem? Angry? , mainly through two comparisons. The first is the contrast between ideal and reality. The poet looks at the Central Plains in the north, and his heroism is like a mountain. I promised myself to go to the Great Wall, but it was difficult. Ideals are shattered by reality. The second is the contrast between the poet's image in his early years and that in his later years. In his early years, he was strong. It snows in the night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind. How heroic, now look at yourself in the mirror, the pale face of aging temples, the years are not alive, and the years are empty! And the root of all this is the heart of the court and the poet? Angry? Why don't you come to the fence?
(2) Borrowing the past to satirize the present: the high praise of Zhuge Liang in the poem is actually a resentment against the court of the Southern Song Dynasty for stealing security and favoring Jiangnan. "Yong Huai" is not the present, it has been written for more than 1000 years, aiming at the next 1000 years.
Conclusion: The above is a discussion on the theme and expression of this poem. The college entrance examination examines the theme and expression of poetry. As an important content, only by accumulating the theme and expression of each poem can students gradually broaden their horizons and form a profound understanding and stable ability to appreciate poetry.
3. Students are free to read the whole poem and are required to recite it in class.
Sixth, expand thinking: Lu You's reflection in Anger? Ambition is hard to pay, and the years are empty? His life experience is undoubtedly a tragedy, but is this tragedy his personal tragedy or the tragedy of all anti-gold patriots in the Southern Song Dynasty? Contact other contemporary poets and their works to answer.
Guide the students to understand this poem? Have the sideburns faded in the mirror? Sentence? Declining temple? Order first? Is that the temples are all gray, so as to catch them? White hair? This image guides students to find similar poems from the poems they have learned.
1, Lu You's Confessions: Hu is still alive, his temples are autumn first, and his tears are empty. Who would have predicted this? Heart in Tianshan Mountain, old in Cangzhou.
2. Xin Qiji's Broken Array: It's a pity to forget what happened in the king's world and win fame before he died!
3. Yue Fei's Xiao Zhongshan: Baishou is a fame, and Laoshan is old, which hinders the return journey. I want to talk to Yao Qin, but I have few intimate friends. Who will listen to a broken string?
These three poets have the same ambition. What is a land tour? Looking north from the Central Plains? Heart in Tianshan? What is Xin Qiji? In order to get rid of the affairs of the king before and after his death and win fame? Who is Yue Fei? For fame? . ? What happened in the world? Fame Well, it refers to the plan to recover the Central Plains. And their experiences are surprisingly similar. What about Lu You? Did you find out first? Autumn comes first? What is Xin Qiji? Poor white hair? Who is Yue Fei? Whitehead? . It can be seen that Lu You is not alone in the tragedy. Being unable to serve our country, having no choice but to volunteer, having no ambition and doing nothing for many years will always be a common tragedy for all people with lofty ideals in the Southern Song Dynasty, even to Wen Tianxiang? Who has not died in life since ancient times, and who has left a picture of history? Martyrdom Their tragedy is the tragedy of the times, and their sorrow is the sorrow of heroes. The complex that Lu You has never solved in his life is not his personal complex, but the complex shared by all patriots in the Southern Song Dynasty.
From these poems, we can sum up two very effective ways to appreciate poetry, that is? Knowing people and discussing the world? And then what? Contact each other? . So-called? Know someone? , is to understand the poet (word) people's life thoughts, ambitions and experiences; So-called? In the world? It is to understand the era in which poets live. What is Lu You's lifelong ambition? Beiding Zhongyuan? However, he lived in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the pacifists dominated political affairs. Therefore, what he has suffered can only be that his ambition is hard to stretch, the years are empty and the years are wasted. Therefore, as long as you read this poem, you can drive almost all his poems or words. For example, his "The Storm of November 4th", "Complaining about the love of Wanli in that year", "Sleeping in the Palace with Charcoal in the Snow" and "The Corner of the Border Town" are all about the same theme. Understand? Knowing people and discussing the world? To do poetry appreciation, we can draw inferences from one example to another by appreciation.
Another way is? Contact each other? , the ancients said? Can stones from other mountains attack jade? . While enjoying poems, we can also borrow them? Stones from other mountains? . For example, when we first enjoyed The Book of Wrath of Heaven, we borrowed Xin Qiji's Broken Array, Yue Fei's Hill and so on, so that we can effectively understand the new knowledge with the old knowledge and deepen the old knowledge with the new knowledge, and get twice the result with half the effort.
The teaching content of the excellent course "Book Anger";
1, overview of learning content:
The book "Anger" is the first unit of China Ancient Poetry, an elective course of Chinese in senior high school published by People's Education Press? Recommended articles? . This poem shows the author's love for the country and persistence in his ideals, and contains endless grief and indignation. It is not difficult to understand poetry, but the focus is on the cultivation of poetry appreciation ability.
2. Student analysis: The students are from Class 5, Grade 2, Bozhou No.5 Middle School. Their Chinese literacy is better than other classes. They can understand the concept of image in poetry, get a preliminary understanding of the basic methods of poetry appreciation, and can independently analyze and develop under the needs of teachers, forming a unique feeling and poetic beauty experience.
Teaching objectives:
Knowledge and ability objectives:
1. Understand the author's emotions through the text.
2. Express your understanding of the work by reading aloud.
3. Be able to use certain methods to analyze poetry.
4. Can recite "Book Wrath".
Process and Method Objectives: Reading aloud, imagining and using comparative methods to taste language.
Emotion and values goal: to feel the love of the sages for their country and their persistence in their ideals.
Teaching focus
1. Master the expressive technique of borrowing scenery to express emotion.
2. Master the expressive techniques of using allusions to express emotions.
Teaching difficulties
Feel the artistic conception described in poetry and the thoughts and feelings expressed, and understand Lu You's patriotic feelings.
Teaching equipment
Cai courseware, multimedia classroom
Teaching time
1 class hour
teaching process
One import: (Multimedia, mp3 and Slides)
1 Listen to Yue Fei's Man Jiang Hong. (Teachers give full play to the leading-in role, omitted)
Please review the patriotic famous sentences of the Southern Song Dynasty that you have learned before. (See the courseware)
3. About the author: Lu You (1 125? 12 10) was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). When I was a teenager? Get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, dismount the grass army book? Ambition. (See the courseware)
Characteristics of poetry: (see courseware)
Second, poetry analysis.
(A) the first reading of poetry, the overall perception.
1. Teachers demonstrate reading, students read together, and read the pronunciation correctly. (Pronunciation), naming students sounds beautiful.
Step 2 solve the problem. Books, verbs, records, notes, writing. Anger: Anger, frustration, sadness, indignation, indignation. Question: What does poetry stand for? Angry? What about love? Students answer (slightly) projection (book anger: express their inner depression and anger. The emotional tone of the whole poem:? Angry? . )
(2) read poetry carefully and have a deep understanding.
1. Thinking and discussion: Which of the four links do you think can understand the problem best? Angry? Words? Why? This is the focus of the analysis in this lesson. Let the students fully discuss, first perceive the meaning of the text, describe the artistic conception, and then the teacher properly projects and explains the background. See multimedia courseware for detailed analysis. Summarize after analysis? Angry? Naturally transition to the induction of this poetic method, and give appropriate examples (see courseware)
Summary: The title of the poem "Book Wrath" is 56 words, although there is no such thing. Angry? Words, but every word? Angry? Anger penetrated the back of the paper and destroyed five people. All poems? Angry? As the keynote (main line), it is not anger at once, but flesh and blood, with rich changes: the first four sentences are mainly anger, and the last four sentences are biased towards grief and indignation. The angrier, the deeper the grief. (Here, contact the previously learned Song of Eternal Sorrow and Quasi-Hard to Go, etc. And pay attention to the connection of knowledge before and after-the beauty is that the taste is natural and lively, and it is difficult to imitate Shen Deqian's comments on it.
Exquisite images and emotions (lyricism and allusions)
Specific analysis and explanation (see courseware)
? Angry? As an emotion, it is an abstract thing. To write it completely, we must visualize it. The poet used the technique of entrusting emotion to things, and put? Anger? Realize it. After intense work, she often runs to the roof facing her hometown, watching the sunset and reading the strict array.
? It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. ? What is the beauty of this sentence? It is a list of scenic spots with frontier fortress characteristics. Seemingly unrelated, there is actually a subtle combination:
There is a combination of time and place (space-time combination);
Combination with distance (prospect: Guazhoudu, Dasanguan; Close shot: shipbuilding and iron horse. )
There is also the combination of love and scenery. The scenery is the scenery of the frontier fortress; Love is desolate love. )
The projection of famous sentences in Shang Shan Chen Xing in Tang Dynasty:? When a chicken crows at the Maodian Moon, people walk on the Banqiao Frost. ? Much like the couplet of this poem. The same arrangement and combination of scenery, but the artistic conception is completely different. Lu's poems are the sadness of a dead minister, while Wen's poems are the sadness of a wanderer. Ma Zhiyuan, "Is a dead vine old tree humming?"
Third, expand reading. The projection background of the spring rain in Lin 'an, students talk about feelings and feel the author's patriotic feelings again (see multimedia courseware).
Summarize the text with the selected topics and feedback the teaching effect. (see courseware)
The fourth conclusion.
? Live up to a hundred thousand soldiers in my chest, be bored, and compose poems.
Who loves the country? When it comes to Chen Hu's grievances. ? This was highly praised by Liang Qichao in Reading Lu Fangweng Collection. His famous poem is:
My temples are green to people all over the country.
Get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, and dismount the grass army.
I dare not forget my concern for my country, but I still have to close the coffin.
Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news!
Choose your favorite patriotic poems of the Southern Song Dynasty (after class) and write a unique appreciation article of more than 200 words.