Even, even,
Flat and faint;
Flat and faint,
It is flat.
From the complicated changes of these two couplets, a pattern of five laws and four levels can be formed. In fact, there are only two basic formats, and the other two are only slightly changed on the basis of the basic format.
(1) Five-law Starting Formula
Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.
The Hope of Spring (Tang Dynasty-Du Fu)
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. The bald head has become shorter, and there is no room for hairpins.
Vernacular translation
When the country fell, only the mountains and rivers remained the same, and the urban areas were overgrown with weeds in spring.
I am worried and sad, but I will cry when I see the flowers bloom. It pains me to leave my family.
The war has not stopped in March, and the letters from home are precious and can be worth thousands of dollars.
I only scratch my head when I am depressed and upset, so that my white hair is sparse and I can't insert it.
On the other hand, the first sentence is changed to flat, and the rest remains unchanged.
(2) Five laws parallel starting type
Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.
Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains (Tang Dynasty-Wang Wei)
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
Vernacular translation
The empty mountain is bathed in a new rain, and the arrival of night makes people feel that it is early autumn.
The moon is clear and clear, and the clear spring is flowing.
The bamboo forest was noisy until the washerwoman came back, and the lotus leaves swayed like canoes.
The wheat straw in spring might as well let it rest, and the prince and grandson in the mountains can stay in autumn.
In the other type, the first sentence is changed to flat and flat, and the rest remains unchanged.
The seven laws are the expansion of the five laws, and the way of expansion is to add a two-word prefix before five sentences. Add a flat top, add a flat top. Try the following comparison table:
(1) flat feet
Five words begin and end.
Seven words are equal and even, even and even.
(2) Flat feet
Five words are equivalent, and the same is true.
Seven words are equal, close, equal and equal.
③ Rub-rub your feet
Five words are equal, and they are equal.
Seven words start from the beginning, end from the beginning and end from the beginning.
(4) Flat feet
It's fair to start with five words.
The seven words are Ping, Ping, Ping and Ping.
So there are only four kinds of parallelism in the seven laws, and these four kinds can also form two couplets, namely:
Ping, ping,
Even, even, even.
Very simple, very simple,
Flat and light, flat and light.
From the intricate changes of these two couplets, they can be changed into seven methods and four formats. In fact, there are only two basic formats, and the other two are only slightly changed on the basis of the basic format.
(1) Starting formula
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping. Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain.
Book indignation (Song-Lu You)
How did you know that things were difficult when you were young? The northern part of the Central Plains looks like a gas mountain. It snowed at night and the iron horse dispersed in the autumn wind.
Stuffed on the Great Wall, making empty promises, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded. Who can compare with a teacher for a thousand years?
Vernacular translation
When I was young, I decided to explore the Central Plains in the north. I never thought it would be so difficult. I often look north at the Central Plains, my blood is boiling, and my grievances are like mountains.
I remember beating up the nomads from Guazhou and releasing warships on a snowy night. The autumn wind swept Ma Benteng, recovering the good news of the big three passes.
I think I compared myself to the Great Wall of Wan Li, and made a great wish to sweep away the border troubles for the motherland. Up to now, it is empty talk to expect the recovery of the Northern Expedition.
People can't help thinking of Zhu Gekongming, who is really a model. Who made every effort to lead the three armies to the Han Dynasty and establish the Central Plains in the north?
In another way, the first sentence is changed to level, and the rest remains unchanged.
(2) Horizontal lifting type
Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light.
Long March (Mao Zedong)
The red army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is just idle. Wuling makes waves, and Wumeng takes mud pills.
Jinsha River is warm in the clouds and cliffs, and Dadu Bridge is cold in the iron bars. I'm glad to see that Minshan Mountain is covered with snow and stretches for miles. Our soldiers crossed it and showed a bright smile.
Vernacular translation
The Red Army is not afraid of all the difficulties and hardships on the Long March, and regards Qian Shan as ordinary. In the eyes of the red army, the continuous five mountains are just the ups and downs of microwave waves, and the majestic Wumeng Mountain is just a mud pill.
The Jinsha River is full of turbid waves, patting the towering cliffs and steaming. The cross frame of the dangerous bridge on the Dadu River is shaking the iron rope hanging high in the air, and the chill bursts.
What is more gratifying is that when we set foot on the snowy Minshan Mountain, everyone was smiling after the Red Army crossed it.
In the other type, the first sentence is changed to flat, and the rest remains unchanged.
Extended data:
Specific format
In the five-character "Pingqi" sentence pattern, another format can be used, that is, "Pingqi"; Seven words is an extension of five words, so in the sentence pattern of seven words "justice is free from people's heart", another format can be used, that is, "justice is free from people's heart"
The characteristics of this format are: the level and level interchange position of "five characters, three characters and four characters" and the level and level interchange position of "seven characters, five characters and six characters". Note: In this case, the first word of five words and the third word of seven words must be flat and not even.
This format is very common in the regular poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, just as common as regular poems. For example:
Moonlit Night (Tang Dynasty-Du Fu)
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.
Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? !
Vernacular translation
You are the only one watching the full moon in the boudoir tonight.
Pity your youngest son in other places. I don't know why you miss Chang 'an.
The fragrant mist moistens your temples, and the clear light of the bright moon makes your arms cold.
When can I sit side by side under the thin curtains, and the moonlight shines on you and me to dry my tears?
Only two sentences in a poem should be "flush", and here they are all replaced by "flush".
This special flat format is often used in the seventh sentence. For example:
Seeing friends off at Jingmen Ferry (Tang Dynasty-Li Bai)
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners. At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces. The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
Vernacular translation
I crossed the river by boat to Jingmen, far away, and visited the territory of Chu State during the Warring States Period.
The mountains gradually disappeared in the Ye Ping and unfolded slowly, and the river seemed to flow into the vast wilderness.
The image of the moon in the waves is a mirror falling from the sky, and the colorful clouds in the air form a beautiful mirage.
But I still love the surging river in my hometown, which has always accompanied my boat trip in Wan Li.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zheng Shi Ping Wa