What are the common rhetorical devices in China's appreciation of ancient poems, such as the combination of static and dynamic, and the characteristics of the combination of static and dynamic? Thank

What are the common rhetorical devices in China's appreciation of ancient poems, such as the combination of static and dynamic, and the characteristics of the combination of static and dynamic? Thank God for his help. The common rhetorical devices in ancient poetry are metaphor, personification, exaggeration, contrast, contrast, duality, truthfulness, pun and synaesthesia. 1. Metaphor is metaphor, which means comparing another thing with similar things, which can be divided into simile, metaphor, metonymy, antonym, metaphor and so on. The use of metaphor can highlight the characteristics of things, make the expression more vivid, and turn abstruse abstraction into simplicity and concreteness. For example, "After the rain, the pond water surface is flat, and the mirror looks at the eaves" (Liu Ban's Pond after the Rain), and the water surface is like a mirror that has been gently polished, reflecting the eaves and poles beside the pond, thus showing the calm of the pond water surface after the rain. Second, personification. Personification is to write things as adults, and using personification can make the colors bright, portray the image and convey the meaning. For example, "Wild geese lead sorrow to the heart, and mountains hold the good moon" (Li Bai's "Twelve Summers Climb Yueyang Tower"), wild geese deliberately take away sorrow for the poet, and Junshan holds the good moon for the poet, writing the poet's happy mood of exile and forgiveness. "You come to Chunshe, you go to Qiushe, and you come and go every year to move. Whispering, busy robbing, looking for Xie Wang in the spring breeze hall, the dark clothes in the alley are crooked. Xing, see more; Wu Shuo Wen Jie Zi [China] Shanpo Yang [Zhao? 6? 1 Swallow), the poet imagines that swallows tend to be hot and avoid cold as carrying cold and heat, which makes swallows bring more human touch. " I'm afraid that flowers will fall asleep at night, so I light a candle and make up red "(Su Shi's Begonia). The poet is afraid that the flowers will fall asleep, so he lights candles to shine, which is more elegant than people. Third, exaggeration. Exaggeration is a rhetorical device that deliberately enlarges or narrows the image, characteristics, function and degree of things in order to achieve a certain effect. Using exaggeration can reveal the essence, contrast the atmosphere and enhance association. For example, the words "flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days" (Li Bai's "Looking at Lushan Waterfall") and "flying" describe the scene of the waterfall spewing out very vividly; "Straight down" not only describes the high mountain, but also shows the urgency of water flow. The sky is falling and unstoppable. Fourth, contrast. Using contrast, we can distinguish different characters, different life phenomena and different thoughts and feelings more clearly. For example, "Pipa dance has a new sound, always closing the mountain and leaving old feelings behind." "I can't stop listening to chaos, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall." (Wang Changling's "Joining the Army"), the poet intercepted a fragment of the frontier fortress military life, and expressed the profound and complicated feelings of the defenders through the writing of the military feast. Pipa can be changed to a new tune, but it can't change the emotional content contained in the lyrics. Therefore, the contrast between "new" and "old" can better show the listener's deep feelings and worries, which can't be dispelled by any happy new song. "Peach blossoms after the horse, snow before the horse, can't go back after customs?" (Xu Lan's "Going through the Pass"), the poet's two scenes, peach blossom inside the pass and snow outside the pass, are gathered at the node where the horse is collected, forming a sharp contrast. "Peach Blossom" and "Snow" refer to the warmth of hometown and the cold and cheerless life beyond the Great Wall respectively, which are symbolic in the poem and contain homesickness. Fifth, let's go. Set-off is to highlight the main things, first describe the related things, as a rhetorical set-off. There are two kinds of contrast: positive contrast and negative contrast, which generally include dynamic contrast, silent sound contrast and sad music contrast. For example, "Monks in the middle of Shu carried the green silk pipa and went down to Emei Mountain in the west. When I hear the sound of Matsutani, I wave my hand at will. I heard him in the clear stream, I heard him in the cold bell. And I, although the mountains are dark and unchanged, the autumn clouds pile up the sky "(Li Bai's" Listening to Shu Monks Playing the Piano "), the fourth part wrote the scenery at the end of the song and the poet's state of indulging in the piano sound, which set off the charm of the piano sound from the side. "In the early summer, green trees and high willows swallow new cicadas, and the wind is at the beginning. The blue screen window sinks into the water, and the sound of chess scares you to sleep "(Su Shi," Ruan Langgui? 6? 1) In early summer, the ending sentence sets off the elegance of the surrounding environment with the sound of chess. "Several cold mountains are blocked, the wind is low, the Central Plains Road is broken, and the autumn is clear." (Chen Weisong, "drunk? 6? 1 "ode to the eagle"), the poet uses scenes such as the cold mountain standing on the wall, the empty earth and the clear sky in autumn to set off the image of the eagle. Sixth, it is true. It is the rhetoric that takes the word at the end of one sentence as the word at the beginning of the next sentence. The real function of gyro is the ups and downs of cycle and the beauty of melody. Such as "he, he, he, sadly bid farewell to the Han Lord; Me, me, me, hand in hand on the river beam. His department went from poverty to famine; I went back to Xianyang. Go back to Xianyang and cross the palace wall; Cross the palace wall and bypass the cloister; Around the cloister, near the pepper room; Near the pepper room, the moon is hazy; The moon is bright and the night is cool; The night is very cold, and I cry cold; Crying cold, green screen window; Green screen window, forget it! " (Ma Zhiyuan's Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty) This lyric poem uses the rhetorical devices of antithesis and truth, showing the symmetrical beauty of language and achieving the perfect combination of artistic conception. Ding Zhen has the beauty of ups and downs, which shows the melancholy of the Han and Yuan emperors who have never left their grievances, lovesickness and twists and turns. Seven, pun. In a certain language environment, using the condition of polysemy or homophony, deliberately make sentences have double meanings, including homophonic pun and semantic pun. Such as "sleepless night, clear autumn wind, candle flowers frequently cut to night." "The bed is cold and full of phoenix trees, and there is no phoenix tree in the moon." In the third sentence, the word "cool" is a pun, which describes both the cool weather and the bleak mood. The poet writes from the moon on the bed to the moon in the sky, and the thimble is clever; Sadness, cool bed, moon shadow and phoenix tree create a lonely artistic conception. Eight, synaesthesia. Also called telepathy, it is a rhetoric that communicates people's feelings (vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, etc.). ) through metaphor or description. For example, "the phoenix blows rosy clouds, and I don't know whose house it is outside the wall." Nowhere to find the door, I suspect there are thousands of peach blossoms "(listening to Lang Shiyuan's Next Door to blowing sheng). The poet used synaesthesia rhetoric to write an imagination that he could not find. Through flowers, he wrote cheerful, warm and cheerful music.