For example, Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane": "There are wild grass flowers on the Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset in Wuyi Lane is oblique. In the old society, Xie Wang Tang flew into the homes of ordinary people. " Wuyi Lane, located in Nanjing, is the residential area of aristocratic families in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Dao and Xie 'an lived here in the Jin Dynasty, and their disciples were all dressed in black, hence the name. Suzaku Bridge is adjacent to Wuyi Lane on the south bank of Qinhuai River. It used to be prosperous, but now it is overgrown with weeds and desolate. Yanqi's lair evokes people's reverie, and the former Wang Xie Quanmen now lives in the homes of ordinary people; Compared with the past and the present, I feel that things are different and life is changeable, which makes people sigh again and again. If you don't understand these historical knowledge, it is difficult to deeply understand the poetry contained in it. There are roughly two situations in which poets meditate on the past and chant history. One is a rational and calm analysis of history, satirizing the present through the ups and downs of the past and the changes of the past and the present; One is to express one's feelings about one's personal life experience, only to grasp some shadows of history, to express one's feelings of making contributions by praising the deeds of the ancients, and at the same time to criticize the reality euphemistically, with strong emotional elements. Appreciating ancient poetry should grasp the connection point between historical figures or events and the current situation and the poet's own life experience.
For example, in Du Fu's Ode to Monument: Ten Thousand Ridges Valley Near Jingmen, Mrs. Guang was born in the village where she grew up. She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk. Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Back to the soul in the moonlight. The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
Why does Du Fu miss Wang Zhaojun? In fact, there is no connection between the two: first, Wang Zhaojun and Du Fu "wandered between the southwest and heaven", and second, the tragic fate of Wang Zhaojun's harem crown and Du Fu's "the bigger the wood, the harder it is to use". The princess in the poem is the poet himself, and the poet himself is like the princess of that year. Grasping this pair of connections, it is not difficult to figure out the meaning of the poem. Generally speaking, writing history and homesick poems is to write the scenery first and pave the way for it; After discussing lyricism, point out the main idea. Others only describe the contrast without discussing it, leaving readers with sufficient imagination and arousing their thinking. Different writing styles are determined by different themes.
There are many ways to write past poems, such as Su Shi's Nian Nujiao O Red Cliff Nostalgia. There are discussions, such as Liu Xianting's "Dare to cherish my concubine and return to a foreign country, Han parents are determined to make peace" ("Wang Zhaojun"), which makes a bitter satire on the incompetence of the Han Emperor's rule. Useful classics, such as Nian Nujiao and reminiscing about the past in Chibi. In composition, there are many things, such as positive and negative contrast, or side contrast.
For example, Li Bai's "Yue Dai Qu Gu" says: "The King of Yue Gou Jian destroyed Wu Gui, and the soldiers returned with all their finery. Ladies-in-waiting are like full spring palace, so far only partridges have flown. " Through specific scenery, the prosperity of the past and the desolation of today are in sharp contrast, and the changes of personnel and the impermanence of ups and downs are described.
Climb Yanshan Mountain with my friend Meng Haoran.
There is metabolism in the world, ancient and modern, back and forth. Now we can climb the mountain to visit the historical sites preserved all over the country.
Weir water shows the river surface, and Yunmengze is cold and mysterious. The monument to Yang Hucheng is still towering, and tears are wet after reading the epitaph.
It is frustrating to appreciate the author's lack of experience in seeking an official position. When he was climbing the fairy mountain, he thought of yang hu's state of mind and yang hu's words, "You have your own universe, there will be this mountain, and people from sages will conquer you. From a distance, it will be lost in obscurity and make people sad, which is in line with their own situation. "Smoke goes out without odor" is a portrayal of my own experience. I felt sad and couldn't help crying. The whole poem expresses its feelings through ancient times and has deep feelings.
Five Du Fu Poems about Monuments
Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up in Sri Lanka. She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Back to the soul in the moonlight. The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
This is the third of five poems about historical sites. The poet expressed his embrace by chanting Zhaojun Village and remembering Wang Zhaojun.
The title of this poem by Du Fu is Ode to Monuments. Obviously, when he wrote Zhao Jun's resentment, he pinned his feelings for life, family and country. He "wandered in the southwest between heaven and earth", far from his hometown, and his situation was similar to that of Zhaojun. Although he is in Kuizhou, his hometown is in Yanshi, Luoyang, although he is not as far away from Wan Li as Zhaojun, but "the letter is wider than the original and the bucket is deeper than Beidou", Luoyang is still an unreachable place for him. He lives in Zhaojun's hometown, and he just uses the image of Zhaojun missing his hometown and jathyapple's soul to express his feelings of missing his hometown.
The Old Times of Xibao Mountain Liu Yuxi
Since Wang Jun brought his towering ship down from Yizhou, the ghost of the royal family has languished in Nanjing. The long Zhang Qian chain sank to the bottom of the river, and a flag was lowered on the stone wall.
How many sad past in life, the mountains still remain cold. It is the day when the China world is unified. The ancient fortress is full of ruins and autumn reeds.
Appreciating in the 4th year of Tang Muzong Changqing (824), the poet was transferred from Kuizhou to Secretariat of History, and wrote this poem because of current events. The first four sentences of the poem, with vigorous and powerful brushwork, describe the great momentum of the navy in the Western Jin Dynasty descending along the river. The last four sentences sum up historical experience and satirize the present with the ancient. Judging from the historical explanation that Sun Hao and later Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Ye successively fell, the terrain was insufficient and the "kingly way" was insufficient. Finally, the desolate and broken camps left over from the old days serve as a warning to the soldiers' self-respect and dangerous buffer zone. The whole poem is full of philosophy and boundless sense of history.
Because of its steep cliffs, steep waters, easy to defend and difficult to attack, and relying on the rolling Mount Huangjing, Cisai Mountain has become a strategic place to defend the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. There have been 100 wars here in history.
[Sun Ce attacked Huang Zu] In the winter of the fourth year of Jian 'an (AD 199), Sun Ce sent troops to attack Huang Zu in order to meet the needs of Chou He's westward expansion to kill his father. He fought a fierce battle in Mount Cisse and then attacked Xiakou. The whole campaign won Huang Zu's wife, seven men and seven women, six thousand warships and a mountain of wealth. Mount Cisse became the territory of Sun Shi.
After Sun Ce's death, Huang Zu often invaded Mount Cisse, and Sun Quan also conquered Huang Zu three times, which made Mount Cisse smoke continuously. Wu people set up the key guards of "crossing the river with iron locks". In the winter of the fifth year of Xianning in the Jin Dynasty (AD 279), the national soldiers were divided into five roads, and Jin Jiang and Tang Bin went down the river. After fierce fighting, they established enterprises in the east and were "surrendered by Hao". The separation of the three countries is over.
In addition, Emperor Wu of Jin attacked Huan Xuan at the end of Jin Dynasty, Xiao Daocheng fought against Shen You in Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, and Cao Wanggao returned to Huaixi in Tang Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, all of which left a bloody battle in Cisai Mountain.
Tai cheng Wei Zhuang
The rain is falling, the grass is falling, and the birds of the Six Dynasties are singing. Ruthlessness is a willow in Taicheng, but it is still a smoke cage.
This poem describes the scenery near Taicheng, and from the hometown of the Six Dynasties to the situation in the late Tang Dynasty, it can not help but give birth to the feeling of remembering the past and hurting the times.
Above the Yangtze River, it drips, and on both sides of the Yangtze River, the grass is growing. This is a hazy and quiet spring scene in Jiangcheng. But it is precisely because of this dreamlike scenery that it is easy to cause memories and sadness of the past, and the poet naturally feels from the hometown of Miyagi in the Six Dynasties. The prosperity of six generations living under one roof has disappeared like a dream, and birds seem to be mourning for it, but what's the use? It's just "empty shouting" With the poet's emotional input, the natural scenery is also full of emotions. However, birds are affectionate and grass willows are heartless. Cao Jiang is still thriving, and the willows in Taicheng are even more ruthless. Moistened by the spring rain, they are flourishing, with dense branches and leaves, stretching for ten miles like smoke. It is not sad at all for the demise of the Six Dynasties, but the longer it grows, the more prosperous it becomes. It is cruel to write about plants like this, but it actually reflects his own good feelings. The poet witnessed the demise of the Tang Dynasty and couldn't help feeling sad. When drawing lessons from the past, his feelings are extremely profound. There is not a bad sentence in the whole poem, so it becomes a swan song.
Jinling Wuti Taicheng
Six generations of Taicheng compete for beauty, and making love in spring is the most extravagant. Thousands of families have become weeds because of a flower in the backyard.
Appreciation: 1, The Poet's Sigh The whole poem takes Taicheng, the place where the emperors lived in politics in Yuan Dynasty, as the title, and describes the dissolute life of the Six Dynasties, which is in sharp contrast with the desolate scene of overgrown weeds, and makes a shocking concrete image of serious historical lessons, and entrusts infinite feelings of mourning for the past. 2. Artistic techniques satirize the present through ancient times and the present dynasty through historical events.
Stone Town Liu Yuxi
The mountains are still the same, surrounded by abandoned ancient capitals, and the tide is beating against the lonely empty city as in the past. On the east bank of Huaihe River, the ancient cold moon, midnight, peep at the old palace.
Appreciation: In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (2 12), Sun Quan built a stone city on the cliff at the foot of Liang Qingshan. This city is a defensive fortress in the west of Jiankang (now Nanjing), with the Yangtze River in the north and Qinhuai River in the south. The rulers of the Six Dynasties regarded it as an important place, so that later generations often regarded it as a synonym for Nanjing. It was abandoned in the Tang Dynasty.
This poem is unique, avoiding all historical facts related to Jinling and Six Dynasties, weaving emotional lines in seemingly unrelated surrounding scenery, and connecting the prosperity of the ancient capital of Six Dynasties with the desolation of today with an internal contrast structure, which is full of tension. The predecessors said it was "intended to imply, but originated from nothingness."