First of all, since I am fascinated by the Red Chamber, I also like the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions. But liking is one thing, and objective evaluation is another. I don't think there are any bad poems in A Dream of Red Mansions, nor do I think the poems in it have a high artistic level. These two views seem to be in previous posts. I mentioned it before in Shui Mu's Red Chamber Edition. I thought Cao Xueqin was a second-rate poet in Ming and Qing Dynasties, not as good as Gao Qi in Ming Dynasty, nor as good as Nalan Xingde in Qing Dynasty. If you look at it this way, if you put it among the Tang people, I'm afraid you will have to wait to calculate the third-rate level-naturally, this one-two-three-rate statement is not rigorous and has a great subjective color, but there is still general public opinion. Let's talk about my views in detail.
Throughout the book A Dream of Red Mansions, we can find that Cao Xueqin seems to be the most skillful in the seven laws, such as singing in the poetry club, singing chrysanthemums, singing red berries in Lu, Baoyu's four seasons and so on; Followed by the four-line poem, there are also several ancient poems (relatively speaking, because there are not many ancient poems by ordinary poets), the five-line poem and five laws are a little less, and the number of words is even less-only two poems about Baoyu Xijiangyue and later catkin poems. Besides, the words in A Dream of Red Mansions are all clauses, and there is no long tune. I have always had doubts that Cao Xueqin is a bit inferior in writing. In fact, the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions are extremely admirable. Ordinary people rarely express their feelings. Cao Xueqin is really talented and can write the feelings of so many people! -Baochai and Daiyu are both talented people, especially those who are not good at poetry, such as the first two poems by Li Wan, Yingchun and Xiangling. I really don't know how Mr. Qin Xue came up with it. More importantly, these poems also hint at the life experiences and endings of the characters. Talking about this and that is really unparalleled.
However, because Mr. Qin Xue used poetry as an augury in A Dream of Red Mansions, it is inevitable that there are words that hurt the meaning. Just like palindromes, there are never any excellent works-the inherent limitations are there. Although writing poetry is dancing with shackles, really good poetry is expressing itself in form. The characteristics of A Dream of Red Mansions, which serves the novel, determine that it can't be the best.
This is based on the innate conditions of the poem A Dream of Red Mansions. As far as poetry itself is concerned, the shortcomings of the poetry of A Dream of Red Mansions are: paying too much attention to rhetoric, using colorful words and appearing too delicate. Reminds me of an allusion in Ouyang Xiu's Poems on June 1st: In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a collection of poems called Poems of Nine Monks, which included the works of nine monks (including the famous Hui Chong). Once, a poet gave a topic and invited monks to write poems. The words "mountain", "water", "cloud", "bamboo", "stone", "flower", "grass", "snow", "star", "moon" and "bird" are not allowed in cloud poems, so
Many poems in A Dream of Red Mansions contain words such as "daughter", "son", "treasure torch" and "golden jade" (for example, in Baoyu's Winter Night is Things, "the daughter's green sleeves are cold, and the son's golden sable is light"), but these words are somewhat frivolous and not true enough. More idioms, less creativity and less unique artistic conception. For example, Baoyu's "taking a bath is too empty, holding the heart of learning Chinese characters as the soul" is not so good, just a cliche. (Ode to Bai Haitang) Another example is Dai Yu's poem "Steal a pear core in three minutes, borrow a plum blossom", which originated from "Mei Xuxun lost a plum blossom in the snow". It looks better, but in fact it seems too hard. The traces of "stealing" and "borrowing" are heavier, but not as natural as the original sentence. There is also a crab rhyme like Daiyu, the first couplet is flat, and the couplet is "full of tender jade, with red grease protruding from the shell." It is piled up, simple in description and not poetic enough. For another example, Daiyu's format of "farewell, stormy autumn windows" is copied from Zhang's "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" in the Tang Dynasty, but because it was written by Daiyu, it is somewhat desolate, compared with "Who is watching the bright moon by the river, when will it shine on people?" Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. "To the state, always less than, what's more, the pioneering significance of this poetry format is unparalleled. Without a profound atmosphere, it is difficult to be among the best. Not to mention Du Li, such as Li Shangyin's Stay in Du Gongbu Shu, and Du Mu's On Kaiyuan Temple in Xuanzhou ... "And the works of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, Gao Cen, Liu Han, Bai Yuan and even the suburbs and islands, all have difficulties in the poem" Dream of Red Mansions ". I feel that the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions are slightly like Jiang Kui's words in wording and sentence making-empty and partial, which is Zhou Bangyan's way.
In Wang Guowei's words, this bad feeling is "separation". The so-called "everyone's works, their feelings will be refreshing, their scenery will be bright at the moment, and their words will be blurted out without being restrained." ("Words on Earth") Do not separate. If you pile up allusions and use idioms, it will be difficult for people to form a clear image after reading them. Therefore, Wang Guowei praised "shallow language is rich in flavor, and shallow language is good", and thought that Jiang Kui's faint fragrance and Shu Ying were "boring". Looking at Mr. Qian Zhongshu's poems, I feel that Mr. Qian's knowledge is extremely high. However, writing poems like that, to the point where people like me who have a little knowledge of ancient poetry can't understand it at all, can't be regarded as the poet's right path. Although A Dream of Red Mansions can't reach the point of replacing spring grass with "Xie Jia on the pond", as Wang Guowei said, there are indeed many places that have made this mistake. For example, Daiyu's poem "Tang Duoling" begins with "A hundred flowers are blooming in pink, and the swallow house is fragrant", which is very elegant, but it is not a real scene, but just a representation, somewhat "beside the point". We can look at the source of the Swallow House. Su Shi has the word "not meeting music", saying, "Where is beauty when the swallow house is empty?" Empty lock Lou Yan. "Here, the Swallow House is practical, unlike Daiyu's words, it seems a lot more. In contrast, the poetry of chanting chrysanthemums is not bad, and it is quite charming. It can be described as "Chang' an childe loves flowers, and Mr. Peng Ze is addicted to alcohol. Dai-yu said, "Wandering immortals is not about enjoying the butterfly, but looking back on the past and looking for pottery." "。 "Such a sentence still lacks a subtle feeling.
On the other hand, the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions may not represent Mr. Xue Qin's level (but we can only measure it by it now), but there are still many wonderful poems in A Dream of Red Mansions. Personally, I think chrysanthemum poems, five wonders, nostalgic poems, catkins and peach blossoms are all very good. There are many people who say this, so I won't go into details. The poem "The Daughter of the True Country" says, "The island clouds steam the sea, and the haze meets the jungle." There is a saying that I appreciate very much, and I think it can be compared with Meng Haoran's Cloud Valley Han Bo Yue Yangcheng. It is one of the few rich and powerful people in A Dream of Red Mansions, but it has not been mentioned before. But on the whole, in the history of China's poetry, the poems in A Dream of Red Mansions have to be considered as third-rate-don't think this is to belittle or underestimate their value. In my opinion, there are only a few first-class poets, and then a large number of people such as Yang Wanli, Gao Qi, Yan Shu, Fan Chengda and Qin Guan are all second-rate, and Mr. Qin Xue is already inferior to them.
The boy is ignorant and abrupt. He knows I'm guilty. It's up to you.