How to Improve Students' Poetry Appreciation Ability

In the Chinese teaching of Zheng Xueqin in Zhang Tang Central Middle School, Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province, we can often find such a situation. After reading a poem or word, many students only know how to recite it mechanically, but they know little about the artistic conception of the poem. I only know that the work is well written, but I don't know why. The Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Middle Schools clearly points out that reading ancient poems can consciously improve one's appreciation taste and aesthetic taste through accumulation, comprehension and application. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" also clearly points out that the evaluation of students' reading ancient poems focuses on examining the process of students' memorization and accumulation, and whether they can understand the main idea with the help of reference books. On the other hand, in recent years, the senior high school entrance examinations in various places have also intensified the examination of appreciation of ancient poetry. Therefore, it is necessary for Chinese teachers to pay attention to cultivating and improving students' poetry appreciation ability. How to cultivate and improve the ability of literature appreciation? Let's first analyze the senior high school entrance examination papers in various places: judging from the senior high school entrance examination papers in various places, the test sites for appreciation of ancient poetry mainly focus on: first, correctly understand the content of ancient poetry, summarize the general idea of poetry, appreciate the artistic conception of poetry and the author's feelings, and explain their reading feelings; Second, learn to analyze the language of poetry, describe, scrutinize and understand the key words and meanings of poetry from the language style and skills of writers' works, taste the profound meanings of poetry in language, and read and taste the rhythmic beauty and rhythmic beauty of poetry language from the aspects of rhyme, rhythm and tone. In view of these test sites, it is necessary for us to improve students' poetry appreciation ability. In specific teaching, I mainly guide students to adopt the following methods: First, read more books, think more and learn from others. Liu Xie said well: "Look at a thousand swords before recognizing the instrument, practice a thousand songs before speaking." A person who has read several poems cannot appreciate them. Appreciating poetry works requires extensive knowledge, such as poetry language knowledge, literary skills knowledge, writers' works knowledge and necessary social science knowledge. These can only be obtained through extensive reading. Of course, it is not enough to cultivate and improve poetry appreciation ability, because "appreciation ability can only be cultivated by looking at the best works, not by looking at the middle works." (Goethe's Conversation) As mentioned earlier, appreciation ability is a comprehensive embodiment of a person's multiple abilities. Among them, imagination is particularly important for appreciating poetry. This is because an important feature of poetry is its "empty basket" nature. The so-called "empty basket" refers to the imagination space provided by poetry to readers. The more successful the work is, the more empty the "empty basket" will be, and the wider the recreated world will be left to readers. "For a thousand readers, there are a thousand Hamlets" is the truth. Another important feature of poetry appreciation is that readers need emotional intervention, and readers need to feel the works through their own feelings, so as to enjoy beauty. Chernyshevski once said: "Any good book will arouse readers' yearning for truth, goodness and beauty, which is the * * * nature of all good books. "It can be seen that reading more poems, cultivating imagination and cultivating sentiment through emotional intervention are of great benefit to improving appreciation. Secondly, poetry appreciation is a creative and complicated spiritual activity. " Not only writers are creating, but readers are also creating. They are creative partners, and readers are often more like poets than poets. "(Ibsen) has a thorough understanding of poetry, then a unique feeling, and finally the highest state of appreciation-comprehension. Secondly, if you want to dive and recite scriptures, it is important to understand that Wang Anshi's "Reaching the Peak" is familiar to us: "Fly to the Chihiro Tower on the mountain, hear the cock crow, and the sun rises. I am at the highest level, not afraid of clouds covering my eyes. "The average person's understanding of this poem only stays on the successful description of the magnificent scenery of nature, and of course it is far from appreciation. Some readers can further see that this poem is not limited to the description of magnificent scenery, but infused with the poet's far-sighted thinking and the spirit of being fearless and brave. However, this is still not the "poetic" and significance of this poem. Readers with strong appreciation ability can see the sublimation of this poem from sensibility to rationality through the magnificent picture and open artistic conception, and understand the intriguing philosophy contained in this poem: only by standing high and looking far can they be fearless of obstruction and not be intimidated by the immediate difficulties. This shows that without a thorough understanding of poetry, there can be no real appreciation. " Experienced people read books with two eyes, one eye sees the words on the paper, and the other eye sees the back of the paper. Goethe's famous saying tells the true meaning of poetry appreciation. 3. Understand the language and master its characteristics. Language is the carrier of poetry, and analyzing language is an important link in literary appreciation. Only by accurately understanding the language of the work can we further evaluate and appreciate the work. (1) fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional. ② Plain, also known as plain. It is characterized by choosing exact words to state directly, or using simple drawings without modification, which is true, profound and approachable. (3) gorgeous. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings. (4) lively. It is characterized by firmness and decisiveness. (5) Recessive. Its characteristic is that the intention is beyond the words, often not directly described, but tortuous, telling him this, or quoting without sending it, or trying to say it for readers to appreciate. (6) simplicity. Simple and clear. To sum up, in the usual process of poetry appreciation, as a Chinese teacher, we should guide students to master the methods and skills of poetry appreciation, so as to make it suitable for poetry, topics and flexible use. Then I think that students will be handy whether studying or taking exams at ordinary times.