-Du Fu's youth
7 12 to 738 is Du Fu's most carefree and happiest time. In 738, in the twenty-sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu travelled to Zhao Qi, climbed Mount Tai and wrote Wang Yue.
Wang yue
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu. ..
The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north.
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. ..
Try to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet.
Looking back from 7 12-738, Du Fu was born in Gong County, Henan Province. At the age of seven, he was able to write poems. At the age of 23, he was promoted to Jinshi. Although he is young and crazy, he still maintains his "verve and arrogance" and is short-sighted. I was admitted to work and resigned from Jingyintang alone. 2 "Pride.
After wandering around, he wrote the five-rhythm poem "Looking at Yue" to express the aspirations of the youth. The poetic style is quite romantic. "What a magnificent opening of Mount Tai! It's lush and green, and it's quite atmospheric across Qi and Lu. "Zeng Yun was born with his chest swinging, and birds flew back and forth in front of my nervous eyes." Suddenly gave birth to a sea of clouds, seems to be surging in the chest. Looking at the birds returning at dusk, my eyes are splitting. What a broad mind. And "once you climb to the top of the mountain and peek, you will see that other mountains are dwarfed under the sky ..." The desire to climb Yue caused by writing about Yue is the natural expression of early positive and enterprising thoughts. The whole poem can be regarded as Du Fu's self-expectation in his youth.
Second, petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness.
-Du Fu's middle age
From 739 to 758, it was Du Fu's middle age with unfulfilled aspirations. In 759, in the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong, Du Fu was in Huashan area, which was regarded as a poem at this time.
Wang yue
Xiyue is respected in its position, and the peaks are like children and grandchildren.
Immortal staff, how can you climb Huashan to the Jade Buddha Temple with it?
You can enter the trunk valley and it is difficult to return, but the peak is like the tail of an arrow, which is difficult to climb.
When the west wind was cool, Gao Xun Bai Di asked the real source.
After Dongyue passed, Du Fu spent several years traveling and visiting friends. In 747, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang lived in Tianbao for six years. Du Fu is expected to be promoted to Chang 'an again. When Yang was in office, Li "had a man without cloth, so he congratulated his master and thought that the wilderness was clear." Du Fu was rejected.
After the defeat, Du Fu presented a poem by Ruyang, a poem by Jing and a poem by Ge. But they are not appreciated. In 75 1 year, the "Three Rites Fu" was presented, which made Xuanzong wonder, made him gather sages, ordered him to try the text, and failed. There is no doubt that the year has arrived. An Shi fell into thief chaos. After he got away, he was given Zuo Quan to clean up the body, and the situation suddenly changed. But then the room was stopped, and as soon as he went to the rescue, Mr. Su became angry, was scolded by the third division, and was demoted again. For a time, he worked as a secretary in Huazhou, but at this time he was disheartened, dismissed from office and moved his family. In the face of the majestic Xiyue, the mood is naturally different from that of that year, and this song "Looking at Yue" is also full of frustration.
In this seven-melody "Looking at Yue", the author writes that Huashan is towering and the peaks stand like children and grandchildren, which is comparable to the reverence when looking at Dongyue. However, although the author is eager to climb the mountain, the word "Andrew" in the sentence "Andrew's nine-section stick" has shown this point. Just like the author's first half of his life, he wanted to make a difference in joining the WTO, but he could never serve his country. This poem reveals a feeling of helplessness. The author of the sentence "When the trunk enters the valley in no way back, the arrow has a door in the sky" looks up and plans to climb it. But this was not implemented in the end, and looking at Yue was just self-consolation. The situation is just like the author's ambition, but he can only think in vain and can't do it in the world. Finally, the poem ends with "seeking truth from Bai Di after the west wind is cool", and the author's bumpy career is even more evident. The real environment is not smooth, which makes the author tired of his official career (in 759, in July of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong, Du Fu sought a job in Huazhou, and the next day beginning of autumn wrote a poem and decided to abandon his official position, intending to take Qin Zhou with him. ), I hope to find coolness in the excitement to treat my pain. Compared with Bai Di's residence, the top of Huashan Mountain shows the author's frustration that his ideal can't be realized.
Third, bad luck has formed a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine. three
-Du Fu in his later years
From 756 to 770, it was Du Fu's melancholy old age. In March of the fourth year of Tang Daizong Dali, Du Fu went to Tanzhou, then to Hengzhou, and boarded Nanyue, making the third song of "Looking at Yue".
Wang yue
Nanyue is matched with Zhu bird, and the rank ceremony is subordinate to the hundred kings.
Absorb the spiritual realm, hongdong semi-inflammatory prescription.
Sacrificial ceremonies in national houses are not fragrant in Germany.
Loneliness leads to death, and danger leads to death today.
I love the World Wide Web, and I walk more and more in Xiaoxiang.
Thirsty sunrise cliff, clear boat.
There are five peaks in Zhu Rong, and the peak is low.
Purple cover is not facing alone, seeking a long face.
Hearing Mrs. Wei, the fairy spirit soared.
Sometimes the five peaks are angry and the wind is like flying frost.
Forced to repair roads, no time to worship posts.
Return to the car and bathe in Yutang.
Three sighs, please praise my emperor.
Sacrifices are resistant to corruption, and God thinks so.
In these fourteen years, there were embarrassment caused by the autumn wind in the hut, turmoil caused by Xu knowing that there was a rebellion in Chengdu and then going to Zizhou, bitterness and tears of joy caused by the Anshi rebellion. It was also in his twilight years that he became the highest official rank in his life, and became a member of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce of Shangshu. Then there was chaos in Shu, and Du Fu left Chengdu for the point of no return.
Yong Hengshan's Wang Yue was written in the author's later years. It is a five-character ancient poem, which expresses opinions from beginning to end and describes the scenery in the middle. "Nanyue Zhu bird, rank ceremony since the king. I sucked the spirit of the territory, and Hong Dong was semi-inflammatory. " Wrote a few words. Emperors of all dynasties set up official positions and worshipped Hengshan Mountain. The phrase "in virtue, it is not fragrant" has an allegorical meaning and is expressed in implicit words, encouraging the monarch to rule the country mainly by virtue. Du Fu was dissatisfied with the imperial court because the emperor didn't appoint him twice. The author described himself as being driven to the south by the chaos of the world and visited Hengshan Mountain during his exile. Next, the scenery of Hengshan Mountain is written from "thirsty sunrise cliff" to "wind scattered like flying frost", which is the center of the whole article. Finally, it ends with the meaning of worshipping Yue, echoing the "rank ceremony". And the phrase "praise my emperor", Du Fu's patriotic heart, strongly penetrated between the lines. Throughout this poem "Wang Yue", the author's feelings of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism are fully revealed. Even wandering in the rivers and lakes, he still cares about state affairs and never forgets it.
Looking through the three poems of Wang Yue, it is not difficult to realize the change of Du Fu's poetic style, which is of course related to the meaning of the poem. From the romance of youth to the depression of middle age and then to the heaviness of old age, it embodies the change of Du Fu's life and the change of Du Fu's image as a poor patriotic poet. From vigorous to old age, the poetic style and feelings have changed, but Du Fu still cares about the country and the people, is loyal to the monarch and patriotic, and can only hate the untimely birth.
To annotate ...
1 "Complete Tang Poetry" Volume 222 Du Fu's "Zhuang You": "The dissolute Qi Zhao, the autumn horse is quite wild. ... Su Hou and others pressed the saddle xi, suddenly carrying Jiang Ge. I am very happy to return to Xianyang in 1989. "
2 Same as above.
3 A detailed explanation of Du Fu's poems The fourth volume Wang Chun's mountains and rivers change easily, and the mountains and rivers last forever, and the vegetation is spring. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. I stroke my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. "
4 "Detailed Explanation of Du Fu's Poems" Volume 20 "Ascending the Mountain" "Wide sky and high winds, apes and birds return, blue lakes and white sands. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably. Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. Bad luck has a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine. "
refer to
Chronology of Literature in Tang and Five Dynasties, the early Tang volume, edited by Fu Xuanyan and edited by Liaohai Publishing House.
Zhai Cong Chaojuan of Ai Ri 1 [m] Collection of Chinese Selected Classical Literature Research Materials Du Fu Juan [C] Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1964
"All Tang Poems" [Qing] Patten asked the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company to proofread and sort out the supplements made by Chen and others.
A detailed explanation of Du Fu's poems (Tang Du Fu's autumn notes in Qing Dynasty, Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition)
I like these three poems very much. They really express my will. Give different feelings at different stages of life.