Poetry refers to 1840 the poems of China before the Opium War. From the perspective of meter, ancient poetry can be divided into ancient poetry and modern poetry. Taking the Tang Dynasty as the boundary, the previous poems were all ancient poems, and later, the ancient poems gradually declined and died out. Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry or ancient style; Modern poetry is also called modern poetry. From the Book of Songs to Yu Xin in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, they are all ancient poems, but the poems after the Tang Dynasty are not necessarily modern poems, but they are distinguished according to rhyme. Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty said, "Nineteen ancient poems are not the words of one person. I abandoned my wife at a high rate, my friends were rich, I wandered abroad, and I felt a sense of death and new things. Or fable, or express, or repeat. There is no whimsy at the beginning, and every sentence is thrilling. The ancient poems of Xijing are all under it. " During the Jin and Song Dynasties, these "archaic poems" were regarded as models of five-character poems. Lu Ji once imitated 12 sentence by sentence. Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Bao Zhao in the Song Dynasty. There are "quasi-classical poems" that study the skills and styles of "classical poems". In the Liang Dynasty, Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long and Zhong Rong's Shi Pin theoretically summarized and evaluated the artistic characteristics and value of "ancient poetry", and discussed its author, era and origin, which were generally recognized as works of the Han Dynasty. At the same time, Xiao Tong's Selected Works and Ling defined the scope of "ancient poetry" from the classification of poetry: any work without a clear title is called "miscellaneous poetry" by the author and "ancient poetry" by the anonymous.
Therefore, after Liang and Chen, "ancient poetry" has formed a special name with a specific meaning. It is the same as the two Han Yuefu songs, referring to the five-character poem written by Wu Ming in the Han Dynasty, which has developed into a poetic style with the artistic characteristics of "ancient poetry". Nineteen Ancient Poems, however, occupies the position of "ancient poems" in the history of literature, and this title has also become a topic name.
Classical poetry, also known as archaism, has fifteen national styles in The Book of Songs, which were extended to "wind" by later generations.
The ancient poetic style before the Tang Dynasty is a poetic style that does not pay attention to meter and has no limitation on the number of words and sentences. After the Tang Dynasty, due to the appearance of modern poetry, poets deliberately imitated the writing style of ancient poetry in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties in order to distinguish ancient poetry from new metrical poetry, and restricted it in some aspects, thus forming a fixed pattern of ancient poetry in the Tang Dynasty. As a result, the completely free poetic style before the Tang Dynasty was changed into a semi-free poem between metrical poetry and free poetry.
Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry ("modern" and "modern" are Tang Dynasty terms), emphasizes strict meter. The generic names of metrical poems and quatrains formed in the Tang Dynasty have strict regulations, such as the number of words, the number of words, the level of words, rhyme and so on.
& lt Nineteen Ancient Poems, a group of poem names, was first seen in Nineteen Ancient Poems by children in the Southern Dynasties, and the names of the poems handed down from ancient times are unknown. The editor collected these silent poems in the name of the late owner, and named them the first of "miscellaneous poems", which later generations treated as a group of poems.
& lt Nineteen Ancient Poems is a remarkable symbol of the humanization of Yuefu ancient poems and plays an important role in the development of five-character poems. As far as the actual situation of the development of ancient poetry is concerned, it is not too much to call it "the crown of five words" and "the ancestor of five words through the ages" In the history of poetry, Nineteen Ancient Poems is regarded as the power of five-character ancient poems. For example, Wang Shizhen in Ming Dynasty said, "Nineteen Poems is not as good as Three Hundred Poems in reasoning, but it is the originator of five-character ancient poems. Lu Shiyong said, "Nineteen Poems is the wind and the mother of poetry." "A? Line after line "
You walk, walk, walk all the time, thus separating your life from mine. Since then, you and I have traveled thousands of miles, I am in heaven, and you are in heaven.
It's a long way to Xiu Yuan, and it will be safe. North Malaysia is still attached to the north wind, south birds fly north, and nest in the south branch.
The longer they are apart, the wider they become and the thinner they become. Wandering clouds cover the sun, and wanderers are reluctant to return in foreign countries.
Just because I want you to age me, another year will soon end. There are many other things to say, just wish you take care of yourself and don't be hungry and cold.
……
"Five? There are tall buildings in the northwest.
There are tall buildings in the northwest, flush with the clouds. Cross sparse junction window, aging third order.
There is a string song on the floor, with a sad voice! Who can compose this song? No one is Qi Liang's wife.
Merchants in the Qing Dynasty drifted with the wind in the Middle Song Dynasty. Sighing again and again, generosity is more than sadness.
I don't care whether the singer is bitter or not, but I hurt my bosom friend. I would like to fly high for two swans.
It's hard to go-Li Bai
Ten thousand bottles of fine wine and wine, a dish of delicacies, need one million coins.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun.
It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, and today's safety.
Military Vehicle Shop-Du Fu
Vehicles roared, soldiers sang, and soldiers and arrows were tied to their waists.
My parents, my parents, my wife and children all ran to see them. When they marched, the dust covered the sky and they couldn't see xian yangqiao.
Holding their clothes, they stopped crying, and their sad voices went up to the clouds.
When a passer-by asks a passer-by, you can only tell him that you are leaving.
Some people go to the north of the Yellow River at the age of fifteen, even if they go to the western border to open up wasteland at the age of forty.
Long in the middle, the hair is tied up with a headscarf, and when I come back, I am bald and guarding the border.
On the border, people's blood flows like the sea, while the heart of Emperor Wu is still beating for the war.
Haven't you heard that there are hundreds of villages covered with vegetation in 200 states east of Huashan Mountain?
Even if a strong woman plows the field with a hoe, nothing will grow on the crops in the field.
Moreover, the soldiers of the Qin Dynasty can fight hard, and there is no difference between chickens and dogs when they are rushed to fight.
No matter what demands are made on them, do they dare to complain? .
Just like this winter, we didn't stop the soldiers west of Hangukou from enlisting.
Faced with tax challenges, how do they pay? .
If you really know that boys are a bad thing, you might as well have a girl.
To have a daughter is to marry a neighbor, and we bury our son underground.
Didn't you see Qinghai Head, where all the old bones were abandoned?
The new ghost wails there, and the old one is loudest in the stormy dark sky.
"Modern Style" Poetry
Drinking the bright moon alone-Li Bai
Ancient poems are from from a pot of wine among the flowers, and I drink them alone. No one is with me.
Raise my cup, I invite the bright moon, which brings me its shadow and makes us three people.
The moon doesn't know how to drink, but the shadow in front of it is behind.
I have to mingle with them and enjoy the happiness of spring.
The song I sing is bright and wandering, and I dance the shadow before wandering.
Wake up and be happy together, and disperse after drunkenness.
I am willing to stay with them forever and forget the harm of friendship, just like the Milky Way.
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night-Du Fu
Good rain knows its correct time;
When spring comes, it will fall.
The wind blows its mouth at night;
Silent, it moistens everything.
Dark clouds filled the wild lane;
A lantern loomed in the boat.
Dawn sees saturated red;
The town is full of flowers.