1. Chaenomeles
1. Chaenomeles of Rosaceae, shrubs or small trees, with 5-1m high, elliptic or oblong leaves, sparse obovate, 5-8cm long, 3.5-5.5cm wide, 5-1mm long petiole, puberulent and glandular teeth; The fruit is oval, 1-15 cm long, woody, fragrant and short.
2. Flowering in April and fruiting in September-October. Shandong, Shaanxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Guangxi. It is commonly cultivated for viewing, and the fruit tastes astringent. It is boiled or soaked in sugar solution for eating. As a medicine, it has the effects of relieving alcoholism, removing phlegm, smoothing qi and stopping dysentery.
3. After drying, the peel is still smooth and does not shrink, so it is called papaya with smooth skin. Wood is hard and can be used as a bedpost.
4. Another South American species "Papaya" was introduced into China in the 17th century, and now it has become a popular fruit, and is often referred to as "Papaya" for short. [
Second, the main value
1. Economy
The fresh fruit of medicinal papaya contains more tannins and organic acids, and the sugar content is relatively low, which makes it sour and not suitable for raw food. But its fruit is rich in nutrition and vitamins. The acid components in papaya include malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc. These organic acids all have pure sour taste, and can be made into products with unique flavor after being properly diluted and supplemented with certain sweeteners such as sucrose or honey.
2. Health care
(1) The health care function is obvious. With papaya as raw material, the products that have been successfully developed and marketed mainly include papaya juice drinks, papaya preserves, papaya fruit wine and papaya fruit vinegar.
(2) The anti-aging preparation of superoxide dismutase SOD extracted from pawpaw, pawpaw compound antioxidant essence (health food), concentrated granules of single traditional Chinese medicine of modern pawpaw, low-temperature vacuum-dried pawpaw pieces and pawpaw honey effervescent tablets are being researched and developed. The initial and pilot tests of papaya fruit powder and other types of food have been successful and will soon be put into production.
(3) Processed papaya fruit products can also be used as chemical and cosmetic raw materials, as feed or additives.
(4) Beauty products, such as papaya whitening soap, scented flower rain papaya whitening facial cleanser, papaya milk whitening bath lotion, papaya whitening hand cream, and extracted papaya compound antioxidant essence, are very popular in North American and European markets and have broad prospects.
3. Eating
(1) Papaya is delicious and has a dietotherapy effect, especially for women.
(2) The proteolytic enzymes contained in papaya can compensate the secretion of pancreas and intestine, supplement the deficiency of gastric juice, and help to decompose protein and starch.
(3) Papaya contains carotene and rich vitamin C. They have strong antioxidant capacity, help the body repair tissues, eliminate toxic substances, enhance human immunity, and help the body resist virus attacks including H1N1.
(4) The effective components in papaya fruit can improve the phagocytic effect.
4. Ornamental
Papaya is also often used as an ornamental tree species, as a rootstock for grafting begonia, or as a bonsai for cultivation in the courtyard or garden, with the functions of urban greening and landscaping.