2. Rhetoric methods: there are mainly metaphor, analogy, pun, duality, exaggeration, metonymy, questioning, thimble (mostly in songs or words) and so on. Its characteristics and usage are roughly the same as those in modern literary works.
3. Other commonly used expression techniques: contrast, which directly expresses the mind, expresses feelings through scenes (scene blending), expresses feelings through objects (voice or symbol through objects), expresses feelings through things, expresses reason through scenes, satirizes the present through the ancient times, combines the reality with the reality, combines the dynamic and static, and contrasts (dynamic and static contrast, sadness and music contrast or sadness and music contrast).
Some of the above categories overlap, such as "direct lyric" in the first category is another way of saying "direct expression of feelings" in the third category; In the third category, "borrowing scenery to express feelings (including scene blending), borrowing things to express feelings, borrowing things to express feelings, and integrating scenery" all belong to the first category of "indirect lyric". When appreciating, if there is no clear appreciation type or angle in the topic, we only need to express it according to one type or from one angle.
Second, relying on the text, introducing "flowing water from the source"
The number of ancient poems can be described as the sand in the Ganges River, so we can't have much time to enjoy them on a large scale. Therefore, it should be an effective means and method for us to carefully select important and representative poems for key appreciation. When choosing this kind of poems, we should not ignore the classic text poems in textbooks, they should be our first choice.
In fact, some important types of expression skills in ancient poetry can be seen in almost all textbooks. Scenery is the most common way to express feelings, and other types are not uncommon, such as "expressing one's feelings directly" in Li Qingzhao's Slow Voice (this time, how to get a sad word), and "contrast" in Du Fu's "Climbing Yueyang Tower" (I have heard about Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I finally boarded this building), Wang Wei's. "Bixing" in Jiang Kui's Yangzhou Slow (Huma abandoned the trees in the pond after going to see the river, but still tired of talking about soldiers), "Bixing" in Li Yu's Yu Meiren (asking how much you can worry about is like a river flowing east), and "Contrast" in Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia (. When we appreciate them, we can regard them as "model" poems and try to appreciate them carefully.