Kumārajīva (344-413), first translated as "Kumārajīva", abbreviated as "Loshi" or "Shi", free translation as "Tongshou". His ancestral home is Tianzhu, he is of mixed race, and was born in the Kingdom of Kucha in the Western Region (now Kuqa, Xinjiang). He has a prominent family background. Kumarajiva was extremely gifted since he was a child. He could speak at the age of six, read at the age of three, began to read extensively at the age of five, and became a monk with his mother at the age of seven. He traveled to various countries in India, visited famous teachers and eminent teachers, and studied the wonderful meanings. He was diligent at a young age, and he was well-read and memorized. He was proficient in Sanskrit and Chinese, and had profound attainments in Buddhism. Botong Mahayana Hinayana. He is proficient in the Tripitaka, the Vinaya, and the Tripitaka, and can use it skillfully and control it freely. He is the first Tripitaka master. Together with Xuanzang, Bu Kong, and Zhenti, he is also known as the four major translators of Chinese Buddhism. Ranked first among the four major translators, the originator of translation studies and a master of linguistics.
In the eighth year of Taiyuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (384), Taizu Lu Guang took Kumarajiva, an eminent monk from the Western Regions, to Liangzhou, Gansu. Kumarajiva stayed in Liangzhou, Gansu for 17 years to promote Buddhism and learn In Chinese, he entered Chang'an in the third year of Hongshi's reign in the Later Qin Dynasty (401). In the eleventh year (409), he and his disciples translated the Great Prajna Sutra, the Lotus Sutra, the Vimalakīrti Sutra, the Amitabha Sutra, Sutras such as the "Diamond Sutra" and treatises such as the "Middle Way", "Hundred Ways" and "Twelve Doors" systematically introduce the teachings of Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka school. A total of 94 texts and 425 volumes of Classics and Vinaya were translated, among which the "Three Treatises" ("Zhonglun", "Twelve Gates" and "Hundred Treatises") are the main basis for the Three Treatises; "Chengshi Lun" is Chengshi The main basis of the school; "Lotus Sutra" is the main basis of Tiantai Sect; "Amitabha Sutra" is one of the "three sutras" on which Pure Land Sect relies.
Kumarashi is a world-famous thinker, Buddhist scholar, philosopher and translator, and the ancestor of the eight sects of Chinese Buddhism. His achievements in translating scriptures and studying Buddhism are unprecedented and unprecedented. Famous disciples include Daosheng, Sengzhao, Daorong, and Sengrui, collectively known as the "Four Sages of Shimen".
Phags-pa (Tibetan: Phags-pa, meaning saint; 1235-1280) was a native of Sakya, Tubo (now Sakya, Tibet). His real name is Lo-gros-rgyalmtshan-hPhags-pa, which means 'Holy Wisdom Building', and Phagsipa (also translated as Bahesiba and Fasiba, which means 'Holy One'). This is an honorific title. In the third year of Mengge Khan, Kublai Khan received the Buddhist ordination. District affairs. In six years, he made a new Mongolian character and added the title of Karmapa.
Thirteen years later, he returned to Saskya and became the fifth generation master of the Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism