The fate of my collection
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Text by Shi Lusheng
Introduction
Also It is the Qingming Festival of the year, the bright moon is in the sky, and my mind is like water. In this situation, remembering ancestors is a sincere spiritual theme deep in people's hearts. Today, the meaning of worshiping ancestors is not only to remember the lost family ties, but also to seek spiritual guidance from them.
Everything in the world is destined. Looking back on the past, over the years, several of my brothers have devoted themselves to the business of collecting, and now they have made some small achievements, which can be regarded as an indissoluble bond with collecting. And all of this stems from the collecting sentiment passed down from generation to generation by my ancestors. This is also the most precious spiritual legacy given by our ancestors to our brothers.
The author’s family, the Shi family in Zhongbao Village, Zhongbao Town, Wuping County, Fujian Province, has descended from the 19th ancestor Shi Yinghui Gong (also known as Xiutang), the 20th ancestor Shi Bangdian Gong, and the 21st ancestor Shi Shi Since Zhenli Gong and the 22nd ancestor Shibai Xianggong, generations have been devoted to the collection and appreciation of ancient artifacts.
After hundreds of years of changing times and social changes, most of the artifacts accumulated by my ancestors for several generations have been lost or damaged, but there are still a few that have survived, including Bronze, porcelain, ancient furniture, ancient calligraphy and painting, etc.
Influenced by the style of collectors from generation to generation, several of my brothers began to get involved in the field of collecting since the 1980s.
From the initial dabbling, crossing the river by feeling the stones, to the subsequent heavy investment and in-depth appreciation, our collection practice quickly moved from the "feeling" level of family inheritance to the "focused" collection stage.
There is a saying nowadays called "Start with appearance and be loyal to character", which is used to describe the way to be a human being. The same sentence pattern is applied to the author's collecting career, and it can be said that "it starts with feelings, is loyal to feelings, and ends with concentration."
Looking back on my collecting career, the author deeply feels the need to go back and review the past. It traces the collecting footprints of several generations of my family’s ancestors.
On this occasion when the whole world is worshiping ancestors, the author wrote this short article to remember the ancestors and recall their collectors’ feelings and origins.
Origin
In the fifty-fourth year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1789), this imperial examination produced two well-known Jinshi figures. One was Ruan Yuan, a native of Yangzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. , is twenty-five years old; the other is Yi Bingshou, who is from Ninghua County, Tingzhou Prefecture, Fujian, and is thirty-five years old. Both of them were Jinshi and later became famous in history for their attainments and achievements in epigraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting, and classics and history.
It is worth noting that among the examiners of this year's examination, one of them was Tiebao, the right minister of the Ministry of Rites, who was one of the "four great calligraphers of the Qing Dynasty".
The literary, historical and calligraphy talents displayed by Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou in the joint examination attracted the attention and appreciation of Tiebao, which paved the way for their future intersection.
At that time, the author's 19th generation ancestor Shi Yinghui was serving as a military attache in Shandong, and his official rank was Wu Lue Cavalry Lieutenant.
As a mid-level military attaché, Shi Yinghui was originally no match for scholars such as Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou; but no one could have imagined that a few years later, the same elegance and collecting hobby would lead to Shi Yinghui. Gong, Ruan Yuan, Yi Bingshou and others got together. Of course, this is a story for later.
It is said that after Ruan Yuan obtained the title of Jinshi, he entered the Hanlin Academy as a Shujishi. This was a short-term position. His main function was probably to learn and understand common sense such as the responsibilities and norms of being a minister, and to gain some initial knowledge from it. experience.
The person responsible for teaching Shujishi is called an instructor. One of the people who served as the great teacher of Shujishi at that time was the famous great scholar He Shen. Because of this relationship, Ruan Yuan, as a newcomer, had a lot of contact with He Shen.
As we all know, apart from the royal collectors, He Shen was an unparalleled collector in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
It is speculated that his love and appreciation of ancient bronzes, calligraphy and paintings, antiques and other collections have infected or influenced Ruan Yuan to a considerable extent, which will make Ruan Yuan not forget this in his arduous official career in the future. Study with great concentration "Epigraphy".
From 1793 to 1795, Ruan Yuan was dispatched by Emperor Qianlong and served as the admiral of academic affairs in Shandong, which was in charge of education and imperial examination affairs throughout Shandong.
During this period, Ruan Yuan made friends with collectors and epigraphers in Shandong and Yulu, and visited epigraphic cultural relics in Shandong, which further stimulated his strong interest in the history of cultural relics.
In 1794, Tiebao, the Minister of Rites, who had served as the examiner of Ruan Yuan's imperial examination, was appointed as the Shandong examiner of this provincial examination. After he arrived in Jinan, Ruan Yuan, as the admiral of academic affairs, naturally had to accompany him throughout the process. .
Tiebao, who was born into a family of Manchu military officers, was not interested in military matters at all, but he had a special liking for collection culture, epigraphy, traditional calligraphy and painting originated from Han culture, and he had profound attainments. , which greatly touched Ruan Yuan.
It was in this year that Ruan Yuan began to compile "Shanzuo Jinshi Zhi" and discussed archaeological matters with Bi Yuan, the governor of Shandong. In short, under the leadership of Ruan Yuan, Shandong officialdom and even civil society have set off a trend of archeology, collection, and "epigraphy" culture.
At that time, my 19th generation ancestor Yinghui Gong had been serving as a military cavalry officer in Shandong for many years. It should be noted here that the official rank title of "Wulue Cavalry Lieutenant" in the Qing Dynasty was formulated in the fifty-first year of Qianlong (1786).
It can be seen that Shi Yinghui may be one of the earliest military attachés among the "Wuluoqiwei" in the Qing Dynasty. It is worth noting that the Wuluo Cavalry Lieutenant later became a hereditary official position, which meant that it had considerable stability and long-term nature.
Based on this, Shi Yinghui served in Shandong for much longer than Ruan Yuan.
Perhaps it was influenced by the collection culture trend set off by Ruan Yuan in Shandong, or perhaps Shi Yinghui originally had such an elegant taste. Anyway, he later joined the ranks of excavation, collection and appreciation of ancient cultural relics. .
At that time, Duke Shi Yinghui was about to retire. In accordance with the military regulations of the Qing Dynasty, he gradually relieved himself of the complicated military affairs, which gave him more energy to cultivate his elegant taste in collecting.
At that time, historical collections almost did not have the function of monetization and circulation. The amount of antiquities collected by collectors usually depended on the collector's own effort and energy, followed by financial resources.
Therefore, during his tenure in Shandong, Shi Yinghui collected many artifacts of high historical and cultural value with his elegant taste in collecting.
It is worth mentioning that at the end of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Ruan Yuan, a fellow who deeply loved the collection culture and was obsessed with the "gold and stone" culture, was known as the "Xuetai", and Ruan Yuan, who was the "Wulue" Mr. Shi Yinghui, the "Qiwei", had a relatively close relationship with him.
Ruan Yuan was in his early thirties, and Shi Yinghui was much older than Ruan Yuan, but the age difference did not prevent Ruan and Shi from being friends for many years.
In line with the art of collecting or the elegance of gold and stone, Ruan Yuan and Mr. Shi Yinghui visited each other. Regardless of government affairs or romance, they both enjoyed collecting, learned about the mysteries of ancient relics, and communicated with each other. In addition, exchanges of collections and objects are also common, and exchanging poems and prose is commonplace.
The acquaintance between Shi Yinghui and Ruan Yuan, who is both an elegant collector and a collector, has been cited as a legend throughout the ages and praised from generation to generation within my own Shi family.
Duke Shi Yinghui has entered the end of his career as a military attache. Soon after, he returned to his hometown due to old age or illness (there is no record in the genealogy). He took his life-long collection of objects and returned to his hometown in Fujian Province. Zhongbao Village, Zhongbao Town, Wuping County.
Before leaving, as a gift from a scholar, Ruan Yuan wrote a wide calligraphy work "Zhu Wengong's Family Instructions" and presented it to Shi Yinghui. At the request of Mr. Shi Yinghui, this calligraphy work was written in screen format. In addition to following the original text and copying the "Motto on Family Governance" (also known as "Zhu Wengong's Family Instructions") by Zhu Bolu, a famous Neo-Confucian scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, he also wrote a famous couplet on both sides of the text. : "The person in front of you is Penglai Shou, and the writing is written by Lu Zhi."
Shi Yinghui regarded this calligraphy gift from Ruan Yuan as a treasure. After he retired to his hometown, he started to create this high-end calligraphy work. A long screen (as shown in the picture) has "Zhu Wengong's Family Instructions" engraved in Ruan Yuan's calligraphy on it, as a treasure of the Shi family's family mottos and family rules. What is particularly rare is that this screen is still well preserved.
A twist of fate
Yi Bingshou, who passed the Jinshi examination in the same year as Ruan Yuan, was ten years older than Ruan Yuan, but the two of them interacted with each other with roughly equal talents in literature and history and elegance in calligraphy and painting. There is a feeling of sympathy and sympathy.
But for a long period of time, their mutual admiration only stayed at the level of spiritual friendship, but they heard their names but did not touch their people. It wasn't until later that they met in Yangzhou.
When Ruan Yuan was famous in Shandong for his "study of epigraphy" and had contacts with Shi Yinghui to explore the elegant interests of collecting, Yi Bingshou was still serving in the Ministry of Punishment in the capital.
Yi Bingshou had heard of Ruan Yuan’s anecdotes in the fields of cultural relics, archaeology, collection, and epigraphy from time to time; but as for Shi Yinghui, Yi Bingshou, who was also from Tingzhou, Fujian, at that time It's completely unfamiliar.
In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Yi Bingshou finally left the capital and transferred to a local government. His new position was the prefect of Huizhou, Guangdong.
At this time, Ruan Yuan had been transferred from Shandong Academic Affairs to Zhejiang Academic Affairs, and was soon promoted to Zhejiang Governor. From this we can find that Ruan Yuan, who is ten years younger than Yi Bingshou, has a better career development than Yi Bingshou, and his official rank is also higher.
In the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805), major work or life changes occurred for both Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou:
In this year, Ruan Yuan’s father passed away , and died of illness in Ruan Yuan's governor's residence in Hangzhou. Before that, his father had been living with him in the place where he was serving.
Although Ruan's father died in Hangzhou, in accordance with the ethical convention that the deceased should return to his roots and that a son should be dismissed from his post as "Ding You" (i.e., observe filial piety), Ruan Yuan returned to his hometown of Yangzhou and lived at home. After three years, he can resume his official position.
Yi Bingshou had been dismissed from his post because he offended his immediate boss when he was the governor of Huizhou. He was "unemployed". This year, due to floods and floods in Yangzhou, he had been transferred to the post. Tiebao, the governor of Liangjiang, strongly recommended Yi Bingshou to be the governor of Yangzhou out of his appreciation and support.
It can be seen that Tiebao was the "mentor" or confidant of Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou. He had a great influence on the lives of Ruan and Yi Bingshou. This is a digression.
The important thing is that Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan finally met in Yangzhou.
Now and then, Ruan Yuangui, who was a governor-level court official before, is now idle at home due to "Ding You", while Yi Bingshou has become his parent official.
For information about Yi Bingshou’s good governance during his tenure as the magistrate of Yangzhou, which made him deeply loved by the people of Yangzhou, please refer to "He is a man of great talent, but he is arrogant at first, but he finally realized the principle of "be careful with your words" This is the true wisdom of life", so I won’t go into details here.
This article focuses on the past events of Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan’s acquaintance in order to promote the collection culture and epigraphy culture.
Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan were both Jinshi scholars in the same year. They have known each other for many years and had never had the opportunity to communicate directly before. Now that we are both in Yangzhou, it is natural for us to visit each other and deepen our friendship.
Because they have the same imperial examination background, the same "mentor" is Tiebao, and they also have like-minded cultural interests in collecting classics, history, calligraphy and painting, epigraphy, stone, and bronze. On many breezy nights, on the banks of the vast Yangtze River, Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan had a long conversation, appreciating the elegance of collecting culture:
In the 10th year of Jiaqing (1805), Ruan Yuan built a museum in Yangzhou. On the Wenxuan Building of the Sui Dynasty, Tie Bao, the governor of Liangjiang, inscribed "Sui Wenxuan Building" on the stone forehead, which is now stored in Gaomin Temple in Yangzhou; Yi Bingshou inscribed a lacquer couplet "Qilu Old School, Six Dynasties Ancient Lane Xuanlou".
In the 11th year of Jiaqing (1806), in order to promote the development of local culture in Yangzhou, Yi Bingshou hired Ruan Yuan and others in the name of the government to compile "Yangzhou Illustrated Classics", "Yangzhou Wencui", etc.
In June of the same year, Yi Bingshou, the prefect of Yangzhou, asked Ruan Yuan to engrave the "Ten Stones on Stone Drum" in Yangzhou Prefecture School. In October, the "Compilation Notes of the Thirteen Classics" written by Ruan Yuan was engraved.
In the same year, Ruan Yuanjing worked with Weng Fanggang, Yi Bingshou, Jiang Fan and other famous "gold and stone" masters to identify and prove through archeology that the stone used by Liu Xu, King Li of the Western Han Dynasty, to build the palace, and Yi Bingshou transported it to Yangzhou Fuxue.
In the twelfth year of Jiaqing (1807), Ruan Yuan discovered the tomb of Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty in the Leitang area of ??Yangzhou through archaeological evidence, and erected a stele himself. He also asked Yi Bingshou, the prefect of Yangzhou, to inscribe the inscriptions on the stele. .
Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan lived together in Yangzhou *** for more than two years. Not only did they forge a deep friendship, but they also made many contributions to the promotion of Yangzhou’s local traditional culture and were cited as historical figures. Good story.
In the twelfth year of Jiaqing (1807), Yi Bingshou was dismissed from his post at Hekudao, Jiangsu Province, where he had just been transferred, and returned to his hometown of "Dingyou" in Ninghua, Fujian Province because of his father's death. Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan said goodbye. The mutual acquaintance between the two people came to an abrupt end.
Although the cultural "cooperation" between Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan in Yangzhou was short, it is regrettable, but their separation also led to another collector's friendship or "golden stone" friendship:
The author's 19th generation ancestor Shi Yinghui passed away in his hometown as early as the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802). However, his obsession with collecting culture and his achievements in collecting ancient objects gave him a great influence on the work he had done in Shandong earlier. Ruan Yuan, who was dating, was deeply impressed. Moreover, due to the inconvenience of communication in ancient times, Ruan Yuan did not know that Duke Shi Yinghui had passed away.
Therefore, when Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan said goodbye, Ruan Yuan solemnly introduced his friend Shi Yinghui to Yi Bingshou, told him the address of Shi's hometown, and asked Yi Bingshou again and again. After Shou returned to Fujian, he made sure to visit Mr. Shi Yinghui, who was both a native of Tingzhou Prefecture, Fujian, and Yi Shi.
Fate continued
As we all know, Yi Bingshou never returned to the officialdom of the Qing court since he resigned from Yangzhou and returned to his hometown of "Dingyou" in Ninghua, Fujian. First, he devoted himself to keeping filial piety for his late father at home. Later, because he concentrated on academic or cultural interests such as epigraphy, calligraphy and painting, and the need to accompany his mother at home or being tired of officialdom, he simply refused to travel far away to serve, despite constant invitations from the court. , Yi Bingshou was also indifferent. This was the end of his official career.
For Yi Bingshou, although it is impossible to go far away, the more short trips to close places, the better. While he was at home, he certainly had to go walking around Ninghua and take the opportunity to explore the cultural relics, history and "golden stone" culture in various places.
In addition to these places, there is another place that Yi Bingshou can’t forget, that is, Zhongbao Village, Zhongbao Town, Wuping County, Fujian Province, which is under the jurisdiction of Tingzhou Prefecture under the same jurisdiction as Ninghua, because this is where Ruan Yuan lived. The hometown of Shi Yinghui, a collector who was introduced to him.
Yi Bingshou's hometown, Ninghua County, is only a hundred miles away from Shi Yinghui's hometown, which is now Wuping County. In the old days, the two places were under the jurisdiction of Tingzhou Prefecture.
Therefore, it is not difficult for Yi Bingshou to visit Shi Yinghui Gong’s hometown. Finally one day, Yi Bingshou packed up his mood and embarked on the journey to find Mr. Shi Yinghui.
As a former fourth-grade imperial official or a fourth-grade official suspended from performing official duties, Yi Bingshou's trip was fully assisted by the officials in the area under the jurisdiction of Tingzhou Prefecture. He easily found Wuping Zhongbao Village. .
What surprised and saddened Yi Bingshou was that after arriving in Zhongbao Village, Wuping County, he learned the news that Lord Shi Yinghui had passed away a long time ago. Regrettably, what makes Yi Bingshou even more gratified is that Shi Yinghui's son, the author's 20th ancestor Shi Bangdian, warmly welcomed his visit.
Duke Shi Bangdian inherited his father's taste in collecting. He not only preserved the ancient objects collected by Duke Shi Yinghui very well, but also continued to expand the collection.
As a direct descendant of Duke Shi Yinghui of Wuping Zhongbao, what the author wants to explain is that the official rank of Duke Shi Bangdian later was the same as that of his father, Duke Shi Yinghui, and he was also a "Wulue Cavalry Lieutenant"; The son is the 21st generation ancestor Shi Zhenli Gong, and he is also the "Wulue Cavalry Lieutenant". Three consecutive generations of officials worshiped the "Wuluoqiwei", which originated from the hereditary system of military attachés in the Qing court.
At that time, Duke Shi Bangdian, who was also a "Wulue Cavalry Captain", suspended all official duties and stayed at home to be "Ding You" for the deceased Duke Shi Yinghui, thereby fulfilling the duty of a son. Invisibly, he had some kind of common language with Yi Bingshou, who was also in the "Ding You" period.
During the same period, Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou became famous in the fields of epigraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting, and were regarded as cultural figures. Due to the direct relationship between Shi Yinghui and Ruan Yuan, and the indirect relationship between him and Yi Bingshou, in a sense, the Shi family, who lived in a small mountain village, also gained a prominent reputation.
All these things moved Lord Shi Bang so much that he could not help but give all he had to entertain Yi Bingshou warmly, and with Hakka hospitality, he "forced" Yi Bingshou to stay. Stayed for a few days.
During this period, Shi Bangdiangong and Yi Bingshou forged a deep friendship. Because Yi Bingshou was more than 20 years older than him, this relationship stemming from the cultural exchange of collections can also be called It's a long-lost acquaintance.
What is commendable is that Shi Bangdiangong’s son, the author’s 21st generation ancestor Shi Zhenligong, was only in his teens at the time, but he had amazing insights into the literary and historical fields behind the collection. and keen interest.
Regarding the communication process between Yi Bingshou and his father Shi Bangdiangong, Shi Zhenligong followed step by step, and boldly interjected from time to time in an attempt to explain his literary and historical opinions on collecting culture and epigraphy.
It can be said that Yi Bingshou's visit profoundly affected the inner world of Shi Zhenligong, and to some extent also prompted him to resolve to collect the collection formed by his grandfather Shi Yinghui and his father Shi Bangdian in the future. The family tradition is passed down.
It is worth mentioning that my 22nd ancestor Shi Bai inherited the mantle from his father Shi Zhenli and devoted himself to collecting. Of course, this is a later story and I won’t go into details.
It is said that before Yi Bingshou bid farewell and returned to Ninghua, he left several paintings of Yi's calligraphy for the Shi family at the request of Prince Shi Bang.
In fact, among the calligraphy and painting works of Yi Bingshou passed down from my ancestors, there are not only calligraphy objects, but also paintings. The relevant paintings among them were works that Yi Bingshou later created at home. Later, when Duke Shi Bang paid a return visit to Yi Bingshou, who lived in Ninghua, Yi Bingshou presented these paintings to him.
In the autumn of the 16th year of Jiaqing (1811), Yi Bingshou paid a solo return visit to Huizhou, Guangdong, where he had served. He was enthusiastically received by the people of Huizhou, which made him feel very good, and he became interested in visiting Guangdong again next year.
In the 18th year of Jiaqing (1813), Yi Bingshou visited Guangdong again. This time, he visited not only Huizhou, but also Guangzhou, Zhongshan, Zhaoqing and other places; and he also brought a companion nearby, the author's 20th generation ancestor Shi Bangdiangong.
Lord Shi Bang accompanied Yi Bingshou on his last visit to Guangdong. Along the way, the people's worship of Yi Bingshou, a former Guangdong official, made Lord Shi Bang, an outsider, see Lai Ye was greatly moved, and he felt deeply lucky and honored to be able to meet and associate with such a scholar and scholar as Yi Bingshou.
It was during this trip that Yi Bingshou left many masterpieces of calligraphy in Guangdong that will last forever. The most famous among them is the official script "Yunquan Shan Guan Ji" inscribed by Yi Bingshou in the Yunquan Shan Pavilion in Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou.
The full text of Yishi's "Yunquanshan Guanji" is as follows: "Between the white clouds and Lianquan, there are traces of the travels of Duke Wenzhong Su of Song Dynasty. In the 17th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, Huang Peifang of Xiangshan, Zhang Weiping and Huang Qiaosong of Panyu , Lin Botong, Tan Jingzhao of Yangchun, Duan Peilan of Panyu, Kong Jiguang of Nanhai restored the old ruins, Taoist Jiang Benyuan, Huang Mingxun, Dong Qiyan, Tuoshengjing 20, spent a lot of money. The following year, Yi Bingshou, a Fujianese, came to see the completion and commemorated it. , and the inscription reads: Pangu is happy alone, and the mountain is full of flowers. The poetry of the Seven Sons has been passed down for hundreds of years."
"" is a masterpiece of calligraphy from the perspective of Chinese calligraphy works of all dynasties; it is also one of the most important calligraphy works in Yi Bingshou's life. It was later engraved on the Qixingyan stele in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, and became one of the local cultural landscapes that has been famous throughout the ages. At present, there are still rubbings and tablets in the Zhongshan Library in Guangdong.
The author's 20th generation ancestor Shi Bangdiangong accompanied Yi Bingshou on his visit to Guangdong, so he was also fortunate to witness the birth of a calligraphy master's work such as "Yunquan Shan Guan Ji". This has also been cited as a legend throughout the ages within our Shi family.
In view of the above-mentioned family history, I have been searching for the handwritten manuscript of Yi Bingshou's "Yunquanshan Guanji" in the collecting community for many years, and finally learned its whereabouts and collected it.
Epilogue
In the 20th year of Jiaqing (1815), Yi Bingshou finally set off from Ninghua to Beijing after repeated invitations from the court and friends in the capital. When passing through Nanchang, Yi Bingshou made a special trip to visit his old friend Ruan Yuan, who was the governor of Jiangxi at that time. This time, it was the last meeting in their lives.
Afterwards, Ruan Yuan wrote a poem "Farewell to the Governor of Yi Moqing from Fujian to the capital and passed through Nanchang" to commemorate this meeting: "I stayed in Hongdu for three days, and I loved Huaihai for ten years." Those who live in Hongdu are also in Nanchang.
Ten Years of Love in Huaihai specifically refers to the period of friendship between Yi Bingshou and Ruan Yuan in Yangzhou ten years ago.
This scene is so moving. During the meeting, they also mentioned their common friends Shi Yinghui Gong (also known as Xiutang) and Shi Bangdian Gong and his son.
After Yi Bingshou said goodbye to Ruan Yuan again, he passed through Yangzhou and stayed for three months. Revisiting the old place, too many past events and too much nostalgia hindered Yi Bingshou's footsteps.
Yi Bingshou finally caught the autumn cold in Yangzhou and died in such a place that he could not stop thinking about. His death shocked the people of Yangzhou and made him famous in Yangzhou forever.
Conclusion
Regarding the past friendship between the author's ancestors Shi Yinghui (also known as Xiu Tang) and Shi Bangdian Gong, Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou respectively, I have known about them since I was young. Hear.
Out of love for collection culture and respect for historical figures such as Ruan Yuan and Yi Bingshou, and also in memory of the direct ancestors Shi Yinghui, Shi Bangdian Gong, Shi Zhenli Gong, Shi Baixian Gong, etc. , the author has always wanted to write about the Shi family’s history of collecting. Today I finally got my wish, and I am quite pleased.