First, outline, clear objectives, so that reading has a definite goal.
The requirements of the syllabus for reading such texts are: being able to "read general discussion articles". The ability to examine such texts in the college entrance examination is divided into six test sites, which belong to two levels of understanding and analysis. For article reading, understanding includes understanding the literal meaning and deep meaning of words, understanding the relationship between sentences and the main idea of the article. Analysis and synthesis are two closely related abilities. Analysis is a method of dividing the whole thing into various parts, aspects and levels, and understanding them separately. Synthesis is a method to connect the acquired knowledge about all parts and aspects of things, thus forming an overall understanding of things. For modern text reading, the comprehensive ability of analysis requires that a sentence, paragraph or article be decomposed into different parts, aspects and levels, so as to achieve the overall grasp of the meaning of the sentence, paragraph or article. Candidates can grasp the key sentences in fast and effective reading, clarify the thinking of the article, grasp the author's point of view, and make full preparations for answering questions.
Second, grasp the stylistic features, understand the characteristics of propositions and read effectively.
This style is mainly about discussion, often involving politics, economy, culture, literature, art theory, history, aesthetics, architecture and other aspects. Although there are some relatively professional terms in the article, the author's views conveyed in the article are relatively clear. When reading, candidates should focus on the stylistic features of the text. Usually, in the reading of argumentative essays, the author first puts forward his own views at the beginning of the article, then makes a detailed argument in the form of sub-arguments or in-depth layers, and further expounds the arguments at the end. For example, the article "Without Me" published by Guangdong 20 10, the content selected by this article belongs to the category of literary theory. In the first two paragraphs, the author puts forward the viewpoint that the relationship between "I" and "non-I" should be correctly handled in artistic creation and appreciation activities. Usually in a paragraph, sentences that can represent the author's point of view are often at the beginning or end of the paragraph, such as the first sentence of the first paragraph and the last sentence of the second paragraph. The third to sixth paragraphs of the Selected Works are an analysis of viewpoints. In artistic creation and appreciation, we should pay attention to the dialectical relationship between "I" and "non-I". In these paragraphs, the author's views are conveyed by some key hints, such as "so" in the third, fourth and sixth paragraphs and "still" in the fifth paragraph, which are very important for sorting out the author's views. The last paragraph of the article is a summary of the full text, and the author further reiterated his views. In addition, we should also understand the characteristics of the proposition. When making a proposition, the questioner often makes a question from the part to the whole, that is, important sentences (important concepts) → sub-arguments → central topics → author's tendency. But when reviewing at ordinary times, it is best to go from the whole to the part, so as to fully understand the original text and accurately grasp the main points and important information of the article. Namely: author's tendency → central topic → sub-argument → important sentences (important concepts). Therefore, when answering subjective questions, we should grasp the content of the text as a whole and read it effectively, which will play a multiplier role.
Third, answer effectively by combining abstraction with abstraction.
Generally speaking, the key words and sentences of the subjective questions in the text are in the original text. Therefore, when answering questions, the first thing is to lock the answer interval and find out the sentences related to the stem. On this basis, deleting or reorganizing the original sentence, especially deleting redundant modifiers and keeping only the sentence trunk, will make the language accurate and concise. We call this generalization method abstract generalization, which is essentially different from abstraction. In addition, some answers can't be found in the original text, which is more abstract. We should abandon individual non-essential attributes from the corresponding language materials in the original text, extract the same essential attributes, and express them in concise sentences to form answers. This generalization method is abstract generalization, and it is necessary to combine abstract generalization and abstract generalization organically to answer effectively. For example, the 20 10 Beijing College Entrance Examination text reading "Wedge" (excerpt) Question 15: According to the context, what is the universality pursued by art and science respectively? According to the stem of the question, the idea of answering this question is clear, and it is clearly suggested that candidates answer from two angles, one is what is the universality of artistic pursuit, and the other is what is the universality of scientific pursuit. When answering questions, you can use a summary method. According to the two important statements in the second paragraph, "These poems hundreds or even thousands of years ago can still arouse strong emotions in people's hearts today" and the third paragraph, "The more precious emotions are, the more common the response is, the wider the scope across time and space and society, and the better the art is", we can delete some redundant words, keep some key words, such as "emotion" and then combine them into one sentence, and we can draw the conclusion that "art pursues the universality of human emotions. This. Similarly, from the sixth paragraph, "the application forms of science and technology will change constantly, but its scientific principles will not change with these applications, which is the universality of science." In the seventh paragraph, "the more widely scientific principles are applied, the more diversified their performances in people's social life." We can draw such a conclusion: "The more widely scientific principles are applied, the more diverse their manifestations are in people's social life." This. Another example is Guangdong Volume 20 10, Title 14: From the perspective of the relationship between "I" and "non-I" in artistic activities, analyze the underlined part of the fifth paragraph. The paragraphs related to this issue are as follows:
Performing arts can best illustrate the dialectics of this creation. As the saying goes, "pretend to be a dragon and a tiger." The actor who plays Yue Fei should be like Yue Fei, and Qin Gui should be like Qin Gui. But just like Yue Fei and Qin Gui, we can't and shouldn't turn ourselves into Yue Fei and Qin Gui. Actors should not completely lose themselves. He should still let people feel his love and hate for his role through his performance and accomplish his highest task.
It should be said that the whole underlined sentence is about the relationship between "I" and "non-I", only in the form of examples. What candidates have to do is to abstract and summarize specific examples. The actors here are actually "I" in artistic creation, while "like Yue Fei" and "like Qin Gui" mean "not me". According to the word "should", the main point of "I want to enter the non-ego state in artistic creation" can be summarized. The last sentence can be summed up as "I shouldn't get lost in' non-self' in artistic creation". Therefore, in abstract generalization, we should extract the essential things that are consistent with the topic, the author's point of view or the content of the article from the specific materials.
Fourth, carefully examine the questions, express accurately and answer effectively.
When answering subjective questions, some candidates often scan the questions roughly and answer them in a hurry. Because the exam questions are not clear, they will answer irrelevant questions. This paper discusses that the core of solving the problem of reading similar texts is "extracting information", which is not only reflected in the content of the article, but also in the stem of the test questions. Proposers generally have clear examination purposes and requirements when making propositions. Only by seeing clearly the requirements of the stem can we figure out the proposition intention of the proposer and make clear the direction of answering questions. In addition, in addition to some explicit information, there are some implicit information in the stem. Only by digging the hidden information in the stem can we find the lifeblood of answering questions. For example, in the discussion paper of Hunan College Entrance Examination on 20 10, read the question of "volunteer spirit" 15: Briefly describe how the lack of volunteer spirit and voluntary action will affect people's development in the process of social development. (6 points) The explicit information in this question includes: (1) "Shallow talk" prompts candidates to be concise and general when answering. (2) Scoring, from which the main points of the answer can be basically determined. The score of this question is 6, and the main points of the suggested answer should include at least two big points or three small points. And "human development" is very important information in the topic, which has certain confidentiality. Combined with the last paragraph of the text, "human development" can be divided into "human and society" and "human and self", so that the thinking can be clearer when answering questions. Therefore, before answering the questions, candidates should study the information in the stem as much as possible, especially the hidden information in the stem.
In addition, in terms of language expression, many candidates often make the following mistakes: in terms of the content of expression, they are generally repetitive and wordy; Just use phrases and sentences with incomplete meanings, or list a lot of irrelevant opinions and answer them casually. In this regard, in the usual training, we should strive to standardize the language, and when answering questions, we should connect the preceding with the following, not too abrupt and too casual; Use comprehensive sentences to make the main points clear and complete, and don't answer with phrases, phrases or sentences with incomplete meanings.
-My teacher gave it to me.
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I hope to adopt O (∩ _ ∩) O. Thank you.