Shui Tiao Ge Tou"
Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking till the end of the year, drunk, writing this article, and pregnant with children
--Su Shi
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When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine.
I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky?
I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings.
It is too cold at high places.
Dancing to clear the shadow, how does it seem to be in the human world!
Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, where you will find a low-rise house, and the light will make you sleepless.
There should be no hatred, why should we be reunited when we say goodbye?
People have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes.
This is an ancient matter.
I wish you a long life and a long life.
(1) The high spirit is emptied and lifted up in the process of "asking the wine to the sky".
The clear moon shines on the drunken and arrogant poet. The moon palace is not a human being, so how can we inquire about the phase of the moon in "years"? "Qiong Tower" is in a fairyland, so why is it so hot and cold in the world? The thoughts in drunkenness are strange and ridiculous, and in the dancing and dancing, there is a hint of melancholy and madness. After being sleepless all night, I am alone, and the anger of being separated from my loved ones can only be solved by the full moon. Yue'er has no hatred, so how can she know the sadness of separation in the world? The waxing and waning of cloudy and sunny weather is the natural way of destiny. The thoughts in drunkenness are wide-ranging and helpless, and the joys and sorrows of separation and separation can be dispelled by self-forgiveness and masturbation. The most charming part is of course the ending beat: affectionate wishes make life full of hope, and the bright full moon not only illuminates "thousands of miles", but also illuminates this heroic and elegant song through the ages. A swan song!
(2) Looking at the moon in the last film, it is full of joy and excitement, high and confused, but also down-to-earth, elegant and noble. The first four sentences ask about the moon and the year one after another, which is similar to Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions", which is very interesting. People in the Tang Dynasty called Li Bai the "Exiled Immortal", while Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai the "Two Exiled Immortals". Su Shi himself also imagined that he was a man in the moon in his previous life, so he had the idea of ??"returning on the wind". But heaven and earth, fantasy and reality, transcendence and worldliness, attract both sides at the same time. In contrast, he is still based on reality, loves the world passionately, and feels that life in the world with brothers, relatives and friends is warm and friendly. Dancing under the moon, the realm of life with pure light and shadow is better than the cloud steps on the moon and earth, and the vast and cold palace in the sky. Although he is in the mortal world, his chest is extremely broad and bright. The next film is pregnant with people. Life is not without regrets, joys and sorrows are one of them. Su Shi had a deep brotherhood. He and Su Zhe had not seen each other for six years after they separated in Yingzhou in the fourth year of Xining (1071). Su Shi was originally the general magistrate of Hangzhou, but because Su Che was in charge of the secretary in Jinan, he specifically requested to move north. When we arrived in Michigan, we still had no chance to meet each other. "We cannot see each other so close to the sky, but we are actually the same as thousands of miles apart. There is no separation in life, but who knows the importance of love" (Yingzhou Chubie Ziyou), but Su Shi believes that people have joys and sorrows, parting and the moon have waxing and waning, and both are natural. Common sense requires sadness. Finally, we reconciled our feelings and comforted each other by admiring the moon together. The regret of parting was compensated by the feelings of friendship. In life, we don’t seek long-term reunions. If two hearts are in harmony, the bright moon and the moon are not a beautiful realm. The first part of this poem is devoted to life, and the second part is good at life. It shows Su Shi's love for life and broad-minded feelings. The poems are noble and pure, with clear reasoning and profound emotions, and are written in a free and unrestrained way. They are full of spiritual movement, without any artificial carving, and the scrolls are smooth and smooth. Therefore, they have been passed down for nine hundred years. "As soon as the Mid-Autumn Festival poems appeared in Dongpo's "Shui Diao Ge Tou", all other poems were discarded" (Volume 39 of Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yu Yinye Huahou Collection"). Wu Qian's "Frost Sky Dawn Corner": "Let's sing Dongpo's "Shui Tiao", under the clear dew, the lapels are covered with snow." Chapter 30 of "Water Margin" writes on August 15th, "You can sing the Mid-Autumn Festival to the moon and the scenery. "Qu'er" was sung by "a Mid-Autumn Festival "Shui Tiao Song" by a scholar from Dongpo." It can be seen that the song was popular in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
(3) This poem was written in the Bingchen year, which was the Mid-Autumn Festival in the ninth year of Xining (1076), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. This year was also the third year that Su Shi took office in Mizhou. The poem is divided into upper and lower sections. The poem contains the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the fine wine in the cup, as well as the poet's deep thoughts, melancholy, confusion, fantasy, lovesickness, and final clarity. Su Shi wrote in the small preface to the poem: "Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking happily until the end of the day, getting drunk, writing this article while pregnant with children." Close your eyes and place yourself in such a scene, the ambiguous fragrance remaining in the wine glass, Together with the alcohol flowing in the blood, it carefully and violently touches the sensitive nerves of the drinker. I have no experience of being drunk, but I have seen some, heard some, and wondered, how would people feel at that moment? Under the moon, a drunk person may not be able to tell whether his vision is blurred or the outline of things is blurred. And I think that in the vagueness of the covering, there must be some certainty of existence that dominates human will.
"When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine." Time keeps moving forward and times are constantly changing, but the way people find self-catharsis does not seem to change easily. I remember seeing many scenes of drunk people on TV. They revealed their desire to ask questions in their shaking visual space, but they didn't seem to be trying to find any answers they wanted. The Mid-Autumn Festival night always brings a strong feeling of lovesickness. Although I have also experienced the loneliness of lovesickness, I can't tell the difference between this night and the remaining 364 nights in a year. Maybe people have become conditioned to use it as an excuse to quietly admit their negative side.
Su Shi stared at the bright moon in the deep blue sky, savoring the taste of wine passing through his throat, and set up questions to let us see the confusion and melancholy in his mood. This way of asking questions reminds me of what Li Bai wrote in "Asking the Moon with Wine": "When will the moon come to the blue sky? I want to stop drinking and ask." I used to think that the sky was tolerant and tolerant because of its vastness. Every hesitant person has questions about the universe and life, but they find that people's pious waiting is laughed at by the emptiness of the sky. The answers are buried too deep, and people are still empty and at a loss. But perhaps, asking questions about heaven is a form favored by the ancients, or it is a manifestation of stubbornness. "I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky?" This sentence not only answers the previous question but also sets up a new question, which is Su Shi's deeper thinking. The two related questions make the poet's rich fantasy appear natural and reasonable.
"I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be cold in the high places." This sentence describes the poet's fantasy derived from reality. I feel that Su Shi is a person who is easily immersed in nature. Just like in his "Qian Chibi Fu", the poet inadvertently blends himself with the things around him. I think this may be because of Su Shi’s romantic character and elegant feelings, or perhaps because nature, this objective entity, will not bring any restrictions and oppression to people’s thoughts and spirits, so it may be It more or less downplays the pain in people's subjective emotions. At that time, Su Shi was experiencing political frustration - he was transferred to a local official because he opposed Wang Anshi's reform. His future was bleak, and he and his younger brothers were separated from each other. His inner depression was like a strong medicine, which caused him to develop depression. The thought of "flying back with the wind". This also exactly reflects Su Shi's thought of "being born out of the world". The last line of the poem, "Dancing to clear the shadows, how does it seem to be in the human world!" The friction between reality and fantasy implies Su Shi's complicated mentality between "being born in the world" and "entering the world". He once again raised questions that neither God nor himself could answer. The desolation, helplessness and loneliness in his heart were naked in the "bright moon" set against the "blue sky", but were released by the fantasy and real reality in his mind.
I think that when the mood is complicated or chaotic, relying on a certain kind of pure emotion may be a way to obtain salvation. Su Shi's longing for his younger brother Ziyou was not only the product of the specific environment at that time, but also a way for him to find self-comfort. At the bottom of the poem, the poet uses a beautiful artistic form to express the natural expression of personal emotions, and also allows us to see that the hatred and sorrow in life have been transformed into philosophical broad-mindedness.
"Turn around the Zhu Pavilion, lower the Qi household, illuminating the sleepless people." At this time, the moon was given signs of life, and the flow of moonlight from the red pavilion to the carved doors and windows happened to correspond to Su Shi's fluctuating thoughts. The moonlight finally fell on the sleepless person. This kind of scene reminds me of Li Bai's "Moonlight" that I often recited when I was a child: "There is bright moonlight in front of the bed, suspected to be frost on the ground. Look up at the bright moon, lower your head and miss your hometown." It seems that the pain of longing will always appear more and more against the moonlight. Deep and intense. "There should be no hatred, why would we be reunited when we say goodbye?" People will reluctantly see their lonely whole bodies more clearly because of the company of the shadows reflected by the moonlight in the dark night. Su Shi encountered the most complete and bright side of the moon when his lovesickness was at its strongest, while the moon, which silently and slowly released its heat, was so innocent that he knew nothing about it. The poet used a rhetorical tone to question the moon: The moon has no regrets in the first place, so why does it show up like a crystal disk when people are leaving, and does it add to people's resentment that "the moon is full but the person is not yet full". Is this a deliberate mockery? Or a different kind of sympathy?
“People have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is impossible in ancient times.” This is not only the answer to the previous sentence, but also the poet’s rethinking of life: Since “ancient times”, the world has Nothing is perfect - in a person's life, there will be joy and sorrow, and there will be separation when there is reunion, just like the moon will also encounter cloudy, sunny, round and missing. Some people say that this is Su Shi's philosophical thinking about life. He realized the incompleteness and duality of things. Su Shi turned emotion into reason, turned desolation into enlightenment, and found the path to self-relief in his interpretation of life. But I want to ask myself: When people can't think of any other way out, do they often look for things that seem to be "connected to their fate" to draw analogies, so as to get a little bit of comfort? Su Shi wrote in the last sentence of the whole article: "I hope that people will live forever, thousands of miles away from the moon." The poem "Moon Ode" by Xiezhuang of the Southern Song Dynasty also wrote: "The beauty is walking like a sound in the dust, thousands of miles away from the bright moon." "Since nothing is perfect in the world, there is no need to be sad and mournful when parting from loved ones. I just want to be in good health forever and be able to enjoy the bright moon thousands of miles away." There is no doubt that the surface of the words confirms the poet's free and easy and broad-mindedness - the poet seems to have sublimated his thoughts and understanding of life, turning all the previous doubts into a kind of good wishes, and the emotions full of confusion, anguish, hatred and sorrow finally ended Replaced by a positive and optimistic state of mind. But I want to ask Su Shi at that time, are the doubts entangled in his heart really so easy to dissipate? How much value does all the loneliness, confusion, despair, and helplessness associated with "pessimism" exist in a person's invisible inner abyss?
I remember that Hu Zai of the Southern Song Dynasty once said in "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua": "Since the Mid-Autumn Festival poems were published in Dongpo's "Shui Diao Ge Tou", the rest of the poems were completely useless." I think, people I like the trend of radical development of things. I think this is a model Su Shi chose when writing this poem.
The words are full of rich imagination, rich descriptions, rich emotions, and rich turning points of thoughts - changes that make people suddenly enlightened. Unfortunately, I feel that these jumps revealed in the words appear too suddenly and come too fast, as if they are beyond the measurable range of time. Therefore, some people believe that there is deception hidden in the words, and feel sad that the poet tried his best to cover up and cover up his own pain. However, some people laugh at their own thoughts. Maybe the transition between happiness and sadness can be a matter of an instant. Maybe there is no clear distinction between happiness and sadness at all. Su Shi was only trying to express the transition of his inner thoughts and emotions.