The general rhythm of poetry here is also the rhythm of metrical sentences. The rhythm of metrical sentences takes every two syllables (that is, two words) as a rhythm unit. If it is three sentences, five sentences and seven sentences, the last word becomes a rhythm unit alone. Specifically, the following table:
Three sentences:
Pingpingping
Pingpingping
Four sentences:
Pingpingping
Five words:
Ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping.
Just plain, just plain.
Six sentences:
It's ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping.
Seven words:
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Joping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping-ping.
(B) the special rhythm of words
There are a lot of words, and the rhythm of these words is naturally the same as that of poetry. But words have their own characteristics in rhythm, that is, the rhythm of those irregular sentences.
In the word spectrum, some five-character sentences, whether grammatical structure or even words, should be regarded as one word plus four sentences (see the second section of Chapter 3 above). After the special, it is dual, and the four-character nature is more obvious. Try Chairman Mao's "Qinyuanchun Changsha": "Look at Wan Shanhong, the layers of forest are all dyed; The river is full of water, and a hundred races compete for flow. "Let's take a look at Chairman Mao's" Qinyuan Spring Snow ":"Looking at the inside and outside of the Great Wall, I have no boundaries; When the river rises and falls, it loses its momentum. According to four words, it should be one or three, and the first word and the third word can be even, so the word "Wan" is flat, the word "Long" is flat, the word "Red" is flat, and the word "Inner" is flat. We can't analyze the five rhyming words here, because this is the rhythm feature of words. Therefore, when we analyze the rhythm, we should analyze this kind of sentence as "one level and one level" and the specific words as "Look-Wanshan-Red" and "Look-Great Wall-Inside and Outside". "In this way, the rhythm unit and grammatical structure are completely consistent.
Chairman Mao said after "Qinyuanchun Changsha": "The classmates and teenagers in the district are flourishing; The scholar was very angry and scolded Fang Qiu. There is a similar situation. According to the word spectrum, "classmates and teenagers" should be flush, so now use flush flexibly. Judging from the five-word sentence of "just classmates and teenagers", it is not lonely, because it is a word bean and four words, which is not a five-word imperative sentence.
You can also have this five-word sentence without typing. Or take "Qinyuanchun" as an example. Chairman Mao's preface to "Qinyuanchun Changsha": "Ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?" Hou Kun: "If the midstream hits the water, the waves will stop the flying boat." The preface to "Spring and Snow in Qinyuan" reads: "Look at the plain red dress, it is particularly enchanting." Hou Kun: "Counting romantic figures depends on the present." Five of the sentences, whether grammatical structure or level tone, are one word and four sentences. "Big", "strike", "element" and "person" all fall on the third word of the four-character sentence, so they are not flat.
Five sentences can also be three or two sentences, and even words can be three sentences plus one sentence. For example, in Zhang's Zhou Shi Ren, the last sentence is "Leaning on the Danger", and the last sentence is "Mourning for wuyue, a lonely minister". Its rhythm is "Ping-Ping".
Four words can also be a word of beans plus three words, such as Zhang Xiaoxiang's "Song of Six Countries": "If you read an arrow at your waist, you can't do it if there is a sword in the box!" This is the case with "reading the waist arrow".
Seven-character quatrains can also be repeated three or four times, such as Xin Qiji's "Fishing": "How many times can the wind and rain be removed?" Another example is Xin Qiji's Tai Chang Yin: "Human nature is clearer [2]."
Eight-character sentences are often three times five, nine sentences are often three times six, or four times five, and eleven sentences are often five times six or four times seven, all of which are discussed above. What is worth noting is the consistency of grammatical structure and rhythm unit.
In this case, the word spectrum has sentence patterns first and then leveling rules. For example, the last two sentences of Qinyuanchun, in Lu You's words, are "the fisherman is drunk, and the friends in the stream are neighbors". This sentence pattern is a word bean plus two four sentences, and then the rhythm of these two sentences is "Ping, Ping, Ping, Ping". Another example is the second sentence after Qin in Lu You's ci, which is "I didn't expect to live to the present". This sentence pattern is repeated three times and five times, and then its rhythm is "average". Here, grammatical structure plays a decisive role in the rhythm of words.