Poetry in the early Tang Dynasty was deeply influenced by the poetic style of Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. During the Zhenguan period, the court poets gathered around Emperor Taizong became more and more courtly and aristocratic, and most of them were tailor-made works for the needs of harmony, pondering skills and carving words. Qi and Liang were still used to it.
The creation of the "four outstanding poets" in the middle and late Tang Dynasty created a new poetic style different from that of court poets, with key changes in content, theme, aesthetic pursuit and style. Chen Ziang opposed the poetic style of Qi and Liang Dynasties, and advocated restoring the elegant tradition of Han and Wei Dynasties and putting it into practice.
2. The prosperous Tang Dynasty is the peak of the development of Tang poetry, showing a magnificent weather, a vast field and brilliant achievements.
A large number of poets with unique styles emerged in this period, such as the pastoral school represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, and the frontier school represented by Gao Shi and Cen Can. The two most outstanding poets are Li Bai, the "Poet Fairy", and Du Fu, the "Poet Sage", who reached the peak of romantic and realistic poetry creation. ?
3. Mid-Tang Dynasty: Some poems tend to be ethereal, while the mainstream of creation tends to be in-depth, and the artistic style develops in many aspects, which has the trend of letting a hundred flowers blossom.
There are many writers and schools in this period. From Dali to Zhenyuan, the poems of Wei and Liu Changqing were mainly landscape poems, and pioneers of New Yuefu, such as Yuanjie and Gu Kuang, and frontier poems of Qian Qi, Lu Lun and Li Yi were also created.
After Zhenyuan, there appeared the New Yuefu Movement, represented by Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi, represented by Zhang Ji, Wang Jian and Shen Li, and Han Meng's poetic school and fantastic poet Li He, represented by Han Yu and Meng Jiao. In addition, Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan's poetry creation is also unique. ?
4. Late Tang Dynasty: The style of poetry changed and was deliberately carved, but there were also some merits in the skills of poetry.
The political situation deteriorated in the late Tang Dynasty, people's lives became poorer, and the tradition of realistic poetry continued to be inherited. Li Shangyin and Du Mu occupy a prominent position in the poetry of the late Tang Dynasty. They all have the thought of worrying about the country and the people, and they all feel that the prosperous times are gone forever, and the hazy artistic conception often appears in their poems.
Extended data
The main reasons for the prosperity of Tang poetry
(1) Social factors?
From the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the country was strong and the economy was rich. Hundreds of officials in the imperial court gave a banquet and sang poems to make peace, thinking that it was fun to talk about assistance. With the unification of the country and the smooth traffic between the north and the south, scholars have the opportunity to appreciate the great mountains and rivers of the motherland, which has inspired poetry and the singing of poetry has spread and become a temporary trend.
As for the Anshi Rebellion, the rebellion of the buffer region continued, and the Tang Dynasty declined, leading to extreme foreign invasion. As a result, most poets left the chaos, providing them with rich living materials and stimulating their literary creation. The depressed feelings can be expressed in poetry, which also contributed to the Xing 'an of Tang poetry.
(2) Political factors
Several powerful emperors in the Tang Dynasty not only loved music, but also advocated it. Gaozong and Wuhou are good at music. They often create new words by themselves and put them into Yuefu. In Xuanzong, this trend was even more prosperous. As a poet, musician and actor, he loves literature and art and is arty, which has a certain stimulating effect on the development of literature and art.
In addition, choosing poetry as a subject in the Tang Dynasty became a shortcut for literati to obtain official positions, which played an important role in strengthening the training of poetry skills and popularizing poetry. ?
(3) Active ideology and culture
Music, sculpture, dance and painting in the Tang Dynasty absorbed foreign influences on the basis of China tradition, which had a positive impact on the content and style of poetry.
(4) Improve the application value of poetry?
The application value of poetry in Tang society has been improved unprecedentedly, such as inviting dignitaries and celebrities to use it and sending people to use poetry. From emperors, nobles, scribes and bureaucrats to Taoist priests and geisha, there are excellent works.
Baidu encyclopedia-Tang poetry