1. Taste expressive "poetic eyes" or "inscribing eyes". For example, Li Qingzhao's "Like a Dream" "Last night, it rained suddenly and the wind blew suddenly, and a deep sleep didn't need residual wine. Ask the shutter man, but the Chinese flowering crabapple remains the same. Do you know? Do you know? It should be green, fat and thin. " The whole word "poetic eye" is "green, fat, red and thin", which is very expressive. Its expressive force is reflected in its vividness and appropriateness. For example, writing leaves with the word "fat" not only means more and more, but also can be associated with moist and bright shape, which is very accurate and concise; It is also reflected in the emotional note. For example, if the word "thin" is used to write flowers, it is not only small and small, but also can feel the feeling of pity and pity, and express the sentimental mood with the whole word.
Another example is Jia Dao's "Living in a secluded place with Li Ning": "Living in seclusion with few neighbors leads to a deserted garden. /Birds stay in the trees by the pool, and monks knock on the door. /cross the bridge to divide the color, move the stone and move the cloud roots. /I will come back here temporarily, and I will live up to my words in the quiet period. " The word "you" in the title is "the eye", which is the key to understanding the whole poem. Each couplet of the whole poem is closely linked with the word "seclusion", and the first couplet writes about the "seclusion" of the residence: living in a corner, no one is there, the grass path is quiet, and the deserted garden is sparse. Parallel couplets and neck couplets describe the "quietness" of the environment: the parallel couplets are lined with sounds, birds are chirping in the trees by the pool, and the old monk gently knocks on the door in the bright moonlight, all of which show the quietness of the environment; Necklace writing from night to day, or from the perspective of the environment, but the field of vision is much wider, across the bridge, around the boulder, along the way, everywhere quiet, full of wild interest, the poet's inner joy arises spontaneously. The couplet reveals the poet's yearning for seclusion.
It can be seen that the key to reading poetry is to grasp the "poetic eye" and "inscribing eye".
second, analyze the ideological content of poetry. To correctly understand the ideological content of ancient poetry, the most fundamental thing is to learn to know people and discuss the world, as Mr. Lu Xun said: "If you want to write a paper, it is best to take into account the whole article, the author and his social state, which is more conclusive." For example, in Li Qingzhao's Dream, we must contact the background at that time: Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng are deeply attached to each other, but "if they are not married for a long time, they will travel far away, and Yi Anshu will not bear to leave" (Liu Yisheng's Song Poems), and we will grasp the question and answer to analyze it, so it is not difficult for us to understand the sentimental feelings of this word, both loving flowers and cherishing spring. Therefore, to evaluate ancient poetry, it is essential to learn to know people and discuss the world, and to grasp the tone and theme of poetry as a whole.
third, explore the wonderful use of canonical sentences. Ancient poems often cite allusions and turn them into verses, which are associated with rich connotations. To appreciate ancient poetry, we must understand the source and meaning of allusions and poems, and explore the wonderful use of allusions and poems in ancient poetry. For example, in Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow", "After ten miles of spring breeze, the wheat is green". That is to say, Du Mu's poem "Ten Miles of Yangzhou Road in Spring Breeze" is used. The use of it here makes the former prosperity of Yangzhou city in sharp contrast with the current depression, which hurts the memory of the past. Exploring the wonderful use of canonical sentences is the basis of accurately understanding ancient poetry.
Fourth, experience the expressive effect of rhetorical devices. In ancient poetry, due to the need of image and lyricism, various artistic techniques are often used to express it, the most important of which are metaphor, arousal, personification, exaggeration, duality, repetition and foil. If we grasp the expression effect of these techniques, we can better understand the image of poetry and understand the author's feelings. For example, in He Zhizhang's "Singing Willow", "Jasper is dressed as a tree with ten thousand green silk tapestries hanging down. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors. " The author abandons the simple and intuitive description method, breaks the traditional thinking of praising things and expressing aspirations, and creates a novel image with unique romance for us with strange imagination and clever metaphor. The first sentence uses "Jasper" (referring to a beautiful girl named Jasper in Yuefu's "Jasper Song") as a metaphor, which makes the poem attractive with a brand-new image at the beginning. In the second sentence, write about the tender and drooping branches of willows, just like the green ribbons on the girl's body, and use ribbons to describe wicker, highlighting the characteristics of gentle fluttering, vividly drawing the image of spring willows as silk, giving people a vibrant aesthetic feeling. Ask and answer the last two sentences, and praise the spring willow again with clever metaphors. A "thin" and a "cut" carefully describe the slender, soft, fresh and lovely leaves of the new willow, revealing the author's surprise and praise. "The spring breeze in February is like scissors", and the spring breeze is likened to the scissors in Jasper's skillful hands, which turns virtual into reality and has a strange imagination. He Zhizhang compared the willow tree to a graceful girl, painted a vibrant spring scene, and showed his praise for the vitality of spring. Therefore, to appreciate ancient poetry, we must understand the rhetorical devices and the specific images they refer to in order to correctly understand and grasp the profound connotation of the poem.