Before the large-scale joint entrance examination for senior high school students, composition guidance is essential; but due to tight time, it is difficult to cover everything. If you conduct training in four genres of writing around a theme. The effect is often better. The first thing is to choose a piece of material for question review training
Swallow is a migratory bird, but people didn’t think so at first. "Swallows spend the winter under the ice of ponds." This conclusion reached by the great ancient Greek Aristotle has been respected by people for more than 2,400 years. In the 18th century, a shoe repairman in Basel, Switzerland, saw swallows nesting under a shed. His curiosity led him to write a note - "Swallow, where do you spend the winter?" and then tied it to the swallow. on the legs. The next spring, when the swallow returned gracefully, the shoemaker unexpectedly found a new note - "Athens, wintering at Antoine's house." The shoemaker's curiosity finally clarified a fallacy that had been believed for more than 2,400 years.
Some students may think that the theme of this material is "not superstitious about authority", "be skeptical", "respect celebrities but not blindly worship them"; but most students can still grasp the material. Use the keyword "curiosity" to establish the best theme - "Curiosity is often the driving force for invention or innovation", "Curiosity is often the starting point of innovation", "Curiosity sometimes brings you unexpected gains", etc. .
In the "post-topic" era, topic review training is sometimes more important than writing.
The second step is to guide the writing of four styles of essays
The commonly used styles in our college entrance examination are narratives, argumentative essays, essays and essays.
The following is a guide for students to write articles in four styles with obvious stylistic characteristics around the theme of "Curiosity is often the driving force for invention or innovation".
1. Narrative writing guidance.
The narrative must be narrative. The narrative should be clear and have twists and turns; there should be some lyricism and discussion, but not too much. The means to get high scores for narrative essays, excluding language factors, are mainly three points: first, the details are successfully described, second, the selection of materials is very touching, and third, the plot is twists and turns. Describing details is the most difficult, and choosing tear-jerking material is not easy for students with monotonous life experiences. The quickest and most effective way is to create twists and turns. Professor He Yongkang of Nanjing Normal University once said that narratives should be written as short novels. This really hits the mark on narratives! Short novels have few characters, simple plots, and the number of words can be controlled between 800 and 2,000, making them most suitable for exam compositions.
Creating twists and turns, to put it bluntly, means that good things come to an end.
The following is a story I made up for my students, "The Curious Blacksmith's Son."
①The blacksmith’s 8-year-old son is very curious. He often asked questions such as why the rooster didn't lay eggs, which made the blacksmith who didn't have much ink laugh and cry.
② Later, the blacksmith's son often asked his father, "Will wood float on the water, and will iron float on the water?" The blacksmith categorically told his son: No, never.
③The son then liked to play with his father's tools. He wanted to make an "iron" that could float on the water. My son was burned on his foot by a red-hot iron and almost became disabled. This annoyed the blacksmith. The blacksmith beat his son severely, and then moved his hammer, anvil and pig iron to a small river outside the village. Asked his son to see if "the iron floats". Following his son's exclamation, the blacksmith threw the household items he had eaten into the creek one by one.
④The son who has read the book seems to be no longer so curious.
⑤One night a few years later, the sleeping blacksmith was awakened by the sound of clanking. The son was striking the iron quickly and seemed to be hitting a plate. The blacksmith really saw the "iron" floating.
⑥The blacksmith's son stopped going to school after graduating from junior high school, and he would not go to school even to death. He wanted to make "floating iron". The blacksmith is sick.
⑦Later, the blacksmith’s son really built a small iron boat and left the mountain village along the river outside the village.
⑧A few years later, the villagers who were working outside came back during the Chinese New Year and told the old blacksmith that his son was promising and building flying "irons" in the big city. The blacksmith scolded the villager "fart!"
⑨2000 years ago, the blacksmith's son asked someone to bring a message to the blacksmith, and his flying iron would circle the village several times on the afternoon of the eighth day of the new year. The old blacksmith scolded the one with the letter as "fart!"
⑩On the afternoon of the eighth day of the first lunar month in 2000, the old blacksmith and the villagers really saw a huge iron bird hovering over the village. When the iron bird flew away, everyone in the village, young and old, felt their necks sore.
2. Guidance on argumentative essay writing
When I take part in the Chinese language test for the college entrance examination every year, I am always embarrassed during the trial evaluation stage: it is difficult to find a more standardized argumentative essay. Most of the student examination essays are opinions and materials, with occasional analysis. It is also difficult to find articles that can do dialectical analysis. Therefore, it is more meaningful to teach students to write a more standardized argumentative essay.
The title of an argumentative essay is generally preferably a subject-predicate structure or a verb-object structure. The title should be a substitute for the theme. Of course, the title should have some characteristics, such as quoting famous phrases or containing other rhetorical techniques, which means it has literary talent.
The standard model for writing argumentative essays is as follows: summarize materials and refine opinions (curiosity is often the driving force for invention or innovation) → Transition (curiosity has helped countless inventors at home and abroad in ancient and modern times) → Example: Luban Invention saw, Pedro invented movable type printing, French chemist Benedick invented safety glass, British bacteriologist Fleming discovered penicillin→Analyze why curiosity brings new discoveries (break through stereotypes, get to the bottom of things, and discover new things)→ Dialectical analysis Middle school students are very curious and always want to try something, but our attempts cannot break through the boundaries of ethics, morality and law, cannot violate the laws of nature, and cannot lead to tragic consequences → Take a negative example - the worst invention "plastic bag" " and "cigarette", to analyze the tragedy caused by curiosity → Conclude the full text, correspond to the title and materials, and reiterate the theme (the times develop, science and technology advance, curious shoemakers become more and more popular, I hope each of us can Become this "curious shoemaker".
3. Prose writing guidance
Prose requires students to have sufficient language skills and adopt "candied haws" in writing. The formula - one main line, three or more materials - is better. The following is the general idea of ??this article.
Curiosity is sometimes like a sleeping lotus seed. If you give it the right soil, it will grow. Will give you a pond of fragrance; curiosity is sometimes like a stamp, traveling across mountains and ridges, across oceans, the farther the distance and the longer the time, the more valuable it is.
A woman retains her curiosity about the desert. , walking alone in the Sahara Desert, facing unfamiliar eyes and singing "Don't ask me where I come from, my hometown is far away", she is Sanmao. Her feet write the passion of the desert, bringing the customs and customs of the African continent to the world. , also tells people that if you have a dream, take action!
A boy, with his curiosity about Eastern culture, traveled across the ocean and came to the country of the Great Wall to learn difficult Chinese and study profound Chinese. A man with a heart. Now he is married to a Chinese girl, speaks fluent Chinese, lives in Beijing, and communicates the friendship between China and Canada. Driven by curiosity, he has become a messenger of civilization.
A disabled person suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis before graduating from college. He became paralyzed and lost the ability to speak. However, with his endless curiosity about the universe, he overcame the difficulties of being disabled. , has completed a series of difficult works and won a series of dazzling honors. He is Stephen William Hawking, the author of the popular science novel "A Brief History of Time"
If you are curious about things, you might as well. Take the chance and give it a try, maybe you will become that Swiss shoemaker
Not everyone can achieve outstanding results, but those who have curiosity will have the driving force for innovation.
< p>Protect that curiosity well, sometimes it will make you enjoy the fragrance, sometimes it will make you priceless!4. Essay writing guidance
We can do essay writing Imitate the method of Mr. Lu Xun's "Comments under the Lamp": start with your own experience; then use the small to see the big, leading to the theme of the article; then use examples to support the theme, and trace the source of some bad phenomena in reality, and Criticize; finally clarify your attitude or propose a solution to the problem.
Essays must be critical, but criticism must be approved, and more importantly, the criticism must be measured.
The following is the writing idea for the essay "If Our Curiosity Never Dies" that I made up on the spur of the moment.
When we were children, we were all curious (give specific examples of curiosity) → Now our curiosity is basically dead (give examples of numbness) → Write that if our curiosity does not die, maybe we can Invention and creation (give examples of invention and innovation) → But our curiosity is dead, how did it die? (Example to analyze the sorrow of our education) → How to save curiosity? (Propose solutions or ideas) → Ending call Adults protect children's curiosity and sow the seeds for our bright future.
Finally, a summary for the students
We must be able to write articles in several styles, but also have an advantage in a certain aspect. Only in this way can we be sure of victory!
The college entrance examination is a selective examination, and no one can tell what will be tested and what will not be tested. According to the independent propositions of various provinces and cities across the country in recent years, in addition to poetry and expository styles, college entrance examination composition covers almost all other styles. What is particularly noteworthy is that some provinces and cities simply stipulate the writing styles to be tested. For example, in the Hunan Volume in 2006, the essays were required to be written in argumentative essays. In the next two years, the Hunan Volume required narrative or argumentative essays. In the 2008 Jiangxi Volume, the writing style was required to be written in letters. body. Although more college entrance examination essays do not specify a stylistic style, their stylistic tendencies are more obvious.
For example: "Choices of the soul", "face", "shoulders", "human nature", "strength", "there is a saying that is always on my lips" and other topics or propositions are more profitable to write narrative essays; and such as "Chinese," "A clear spring in the heart", "Touch the city/feel the countryside", "Holding a basket to see my mother in spring", "Reminiscing about the sky", "Walking in the disappearance" and other propositions or topics are easier to get high scores when writing prose; there are also essays like "Swift" "Losing weight", "Talk about emotions", "Position and value", "Believe in yourself and listen to other people's opinions", "The relationship between emotional intimacy and cognition", "Spring comes and grass will grow green again", "Don't say 'no' easily", etc. Argumentative essays with other titles are the first choice. As for untitled articles with text or cartoon materials, argumentative essays are the world.
In short, we must first be able to write articles in various styles, secondly, we must choose the correct style of expression according to the composition requirements, and thirdly, we must standardize whatever style we write.