The sunshine in spring is warm, and nature is a vibrant and beautiful scene. Spring breeze blows, with the fragrance of flowers and plants, the ice and snow on the river beach melt, and the soil becomes wet and soft, attracting swallows to fly and build nests with the soil, and couples of mandarin ducks are still snuggling on the warm beach.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate
Jiangshan bathed in spring, how beautiful, flowers send flowers. Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach. Du Fu's "Five Wonders", with four sentences in pairs, is as simple as words, so some people think that it is no different from child's play in pairs (see Record of He Lin Yu). Wang Sishuang, a member of Amin Dynasty, retorted in Du Yi: "Yu Yue said: The first two sentences (referring to heaven and earth) are not doing business properly, and the last two sentences are not suitable for seeing everything. Isn't it enough to feel the joy in my heart? " Wang's opinion is right. This poem captures the characteristics of scenery to write the scenery of spring. The picture is beautiful and the style is soft, which can arouse readers' love for spring. "Evening Day" comes from the Book of Songs in July: "Spring comes late." In spring, the sunshine time is getting longer and longer, and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. As the saying goes, "The early days are getting warmer and longer" (Ouyang Jiong's Good Spring). The poet begins the whole article with "sunset glow", which highlights the characteristics of sunny spring and flourishing everything, and organically combines the images and images described in the poem to form a bright and harmonious spring color picture. You see: the sun shines, the water is clear and the mountains are green, the vegetation is reviving, and everything is reviving. The breeze brings the freshness of flowers and spring grass. On the beach, by the stream, the ice and snow melt, the soil is wet and soft, swallows fly around lightly, holding the soil to build their nests, but muttering to themselves. Warm water and warm sand, beautiful and affectionate mandarin ducks embrace each other and sleep, which is very charming and lovely. Swallow is a kind of migratory bird, and the poet described it as deliberately highlighting the characteristics of spring. The first two sentences "Sunset", "Jiangshan", "Spring Breeze" and "Flowers and Plants" constitute a big scene outlined in bold lines, and the end of the sentence highlights the poet's strong feelings with "beauty" and "fragrance". The last two sentences are detailed pictures, which are not only dynamic descriptions of swallows flying, but also static portrayal of Yuanyang sleeping. Swallow's busyness contains the vitality of spring, while Yuanyang's leisure reveals the tenderness of spring, and the dynamic and static set each other off. And all this is bathed in warm sunshine, harmonious and beautiful, which really gives people a feeling of spring. Tao Yu, a Qing Dynasty man, said that Du Fu's brushwork was exquisite and he could "paint with poetry" (saying Du Fu). This poem can prove it. But the beauty of this five-element poem is not limited to "painting with poetry", and the poet deliberately conveys the soft spring he feels. If late spring, beautiful scenery, breeze, flowers, swallows and mandarin ducks are all felt by poets with vision, touch (wind) and smell, then the "melting" of soil and the "warmth" of gravel are not the direct feelings of the five senses. It is precisely because of the sunny spring, beautiful wind and fragrant flowers that the poet can imagine the looseness of the soil and the warmth of the gravel without touching it; The melting of mud and the warm experience of sand deepened the lightness and casual visual impression of Feiyan, and made the poet's whole body and mind immersed in the soft, harmonious and spring atmosphere. After reading this poem repeatedly, you will also feel that spring is not intoxicating and everyone is intoxicated. The success of this poem lies not only in the author's good observation of things, but also in the author's good observation of things. His predecessor was Du Fu's poem "How Different from Children". It is nothing more than mocking its simple language and not trying to chase monsters. As everyone knows, this is where the skill is brilliant. Zhou Zizhi's Zhu Po Shi Hua said: "It seems that writing a poem to Pingyuan is beyond your ability." Su Shi also said, "If you are old and familiar, it will be dull." It is most appropriate to use these two sentences to evaluate Du Fu's five poems.
[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12-770), a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, Han nationality, with beautiful words, was also called Du Shaoling, Du Gongbu and Du Shiyi, and was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). His ancestor was Du Yu, a famous poet in the early Tang Dynasty, and his father was Du Xian. China, the greatest realistic poet and world cultural celebrity in the Tang Dynasty, was called "Du Li" and "Poet Saint" together with Li Bai. He wrote 1400 poems in his life. Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum. After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.
Zi Mei lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Her poems are mostly about social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings, which is called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was honored as a "poet saint" because of his concern for the country and the people, noble personality and exquisite poetic skills.
Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis and refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has a great ambition of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior first, and then making the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, criticized and exposed the corruption of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and even fantasized that he was willing to make self-sacrifice to save their suffering. Therefore, his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, the seven ancient poems, the five laws and the seven laws, he also wrote many lines. There are also various artistic techniques, which are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the shackles of the ancient Yuefu themes and created many new Yuefu themes, such as the famous Three Officials and Three Farewells. After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. Du Fu's poems had a far-reaching influence on Bai Yuan's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems were widely valued after the Song Dynasty. Yu Wang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others highly praised Du Fu, while Wen Tianxiang regarded Du Fu's poems as a spiritual force to adhere to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art. For details of his life, see Old Tang Book 190. This is Du Gongbu.
Three Officials and Three Farewells are the representative works of Du Fu's realistic poems. It truly describes the thoughts, feelings, actions and language of county officials, customs officials, old women, old people, brides, husbands and others in a specific environment, vividly reflects the social reality of that period and the profound disasters and pains of working people, and shows people tragic life tragedies. In these descriptions of life sufferings, on the one hand, the poet has deep sympathy for the people who have suffered greatly, and hates the enslavement and persecution of the people by officials; On the other hand, he supported the counter-insurgency war of the dynasty and hoped that the people would suffer hardships and cooperate with the dynasty to put down the rebellion. This complex and contradictory thought accords with the poet's thought of worrying about the country and the people.
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Du Fu's quatrains are too beautiful.
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