Climb the hill and overlook. Translation and annotation Translation Climb the hill and overlook the sea. The legendary Six Ao in the East China Sea has long been as cold as ice. Where has the Sanshen Mountain on the sea drifted now? The Shenmu Fusang in the East China Sea may have been destroyed, but it is where the sun rises. The mythical silver platform and Jin Zhen will only appear in dreams. The wish of Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi to become immortals can only be an empty dream. Jingwei's reclamation can only be empty waste wood and stone, and there is no evidence for the legend that the sea is a beam. Don't you see that Qin Shihuang in Lishan Mountain Mausoleum and Han Wudi in Maoling are already ashes? His grave was left to the shepherd's children to crawl around and nobody to take care of it. Seeing that the golden beads and Baoyu in the tomb were robbed by thieves, what can their spirits do? Such a poor emperor, regardless of the lives of the people, ended up like this today. How can they put immortals in Dinghu Lapras like the Yellow Emperor?
Note: 1 climb to the top: the ancient words are unknown, which may be Li Bai's own words. Volume 27 of Yuefu Poetry is included in Xiang He Ge Ci. Wang Qi pointed out: "There is no rumor about this topic. Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry was compiled after Wei Wendi's Xianghe Qu Ascending to the Top and Looking Far, but it is too white to write, and its meaning is not smooth. " 2 "Six Proud" Sentence: The story of Six Proud and Three Mountains was told to Tang by Xia Ge in Liezi Tang Wen. Ge said, "To the east of the Bohai Sea, I don't know that there are hundreds of billions of Wan Li with big valleys. There are five mountains among them. One is Daiyu, the other is Jiao Yuan, the third is Fang Lake, the fourth is Yingzhou, and the fifth is Penglai. The roots of the five mountains are not connected, and they often fluctuate with the waves, so they can't stay for a while. The immortal poisoned the emperor. The emperor was afraid of wandering in the west pole and losing the residence of the saints. He was ordered to force the giant aojiang to wear it for fifteen years, three times at a time. After 60 years of friendship, five mountains began to stand. The state-owned adults in Lombok are not rich in steps, but the five mountains. Once you catch six dragons, the negative interest will return to their country and burn their bones to count. So Daiyu and Jiao Yuanshan flowed in the Arctic and sank to the bottom of the sea, and the immortals moved hundreds of millions. 3 Fusang: The legendary Shenmu grows at sunrise. 4 "Intai" two sentences: "Historical Records Zen": (Qi) Wei, (Qi) Xuan, sent people to the sea to seek Penglai, the abbot and Yingzhou. These three sacred mountains are scattered in the Bohai Sea, not far from people. If you suffer, the wind will take you away. What's the point of covering a taster, a fairy and a fairy medicine? Its beasts and beasts are all white, and gold is the palace. Before it came, it looked like a cloud. Also, Sanshen Mountain lives underwater. When you approach, the wind will take you away, but you can't go to the clouds. When Qin Shihuang merged with the world and went to the sea, the alchemist said countless words. The first emperor thought it was too late to go to sea. Make people step, men and women go into the sea and ask for it. When the ship is in the sea, it is impossible to see it because of the wind. " "Enchanting Zen Sutra" also records: "This son (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty) first ascended the throne, especially respecting the worship of ghosts and gods. Send alchemists to the sea to seek the ownership of Penglai and An Qisheng. 5 "Jingwei" sentence: The story of "Jingwei Reclamation" is not true. Shan Hai Jing Bei Shan Jing: There is a bird on the mountain where pigeons are made, which looks like a black bird. It has a prefix on its head, a white beak and bare feet, so it is called Jingwei. It's Yan Di's girl, named Girl. The girl drowned in the East China Sea, so she is a jingwei. I often have the title of "Wood of the West Hills in the East China Sea". 6 "Fishing" sentence: It is said that the three sacred mountains do not exist, and there is no place to send sacred objects like fishing. Or what is sacred is illusory. 7 "Didn't you see" sentence: Qin Huang and Hanwu, who call for immortality and elixir, still have to die. So far, their people have turned to dust and their graves have been abandoned. Qin Shihuang died and buried Mount Li, and Han Wudi died and buried Maoling. Wang Chuan of Han Dynasty: Qin Shihuang was buried in Lishan Mountain, with three springs under it and a mountain grave on it, which was more than 50 feet high and more than a week. The sarcophagus is the pavilion, the human ointment is the candle, the mercury is the river and the sea, and the gold is the goose. Treasure, weapons, beautiful coffins, prosperity of the Forbidden City, can not win the original. They killed many imperial secretaries and buried thousands of craftsmen. On the contrary, Lishan's work was not finished, and Zhang Zhou's million-dollar teacher went. Xiang Yu burned the palace and set up camp. People who have been there are eager to find out. Afterwards, the shepherd died and the sheep got into his chisel. The shepherd lit a fire on his sheep and lost it to his coffin. 8 "Thief" sentence: Thief is the name that the author uses as the ruler to address the peasant uprising army. According to the biography of Suo Jing in the Book of Jin, the Red Eyebrow Rebels once robbed some of the gold and silver treasures in the cemetery of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Elf: refers to the gods of Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi. Militarism: belligerence. ⑾ Dinghu Longfei: According to Records of Historical Records, Guan Chan, Qi Gongsun Qing lied to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and said, "The grandson of Emperor Gaozu is also a great-grandson." In ancient times, the Yellow Emperor and the magical powers fought and learned from the immortals, casting a tripod in Jingshan and welcoming the dragon. Emperor Wu was convinced of this and said, "Wow! I am like the Yellow Emperor, and I regard my wife as deaf. 」
Appreciating this poem from a distance means satirizing the present. The names of Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi are superstitious and arrogant, but in fact they satirize Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, which has profound social significance. The whole poem can be divided into three parts.
The first two short sentences are the first paragraph, pointing out that climbing mountains and seeing the sea. Climbing high and looking at the sea, the poet is full of emotion, but what he wrote is not the surge of the sea and the emptying of Hong Tao, but the myths and legends associated with the sea and mountains.
The eight sentences in the middle are the second paragraph, arguing that the legendary fairy realm does not exist in the text, and the myths and legends are also false. All six AOs are bones, and all three mountains are gone. Fusang is destroyed, and the luster of the sun has sunk. "The Golden Que on the Silver Stage" is like a smoke cloud in a dream, and the elixir that Qin Huang and Wu Han are looking for is also like a mirage. Jingwei reclamation in vain; Catfish is a beam, not enough.
The last six sentences are the third paragraph. In my writing, I think of Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi, who are militaristic and want to live forever and die. This passage is the theme of the whole poem. The Lishan Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang and the Maoling Mausoleum of Han Wudi have been abandoned. Today, the heroic power of that year has long since vanished, and the scenery is no longer there. Only shepherds are allowed to drive their sheep to step on the board and trample on it. Their souls can't keep the grave, and their afterglow can't stop the greedy excavation of grave robbers. I used to be arrogant. It is still such a fate. If you want to be immortal, it's daydreaming. History is ruthless and nature is cruel. Those "careerists" who want to transcend the laws of nature, like ordinary people, will eventually turn into dust and become skeletons buried deep in the mound, just like ordinary people. And their foolish practices eventually became the laughing stock of future generations. Poetry is not limited to this. Looking back, it's just a poem, starting from the poem and going straight to the point. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was addicted to Buddhism and Taoism, was a good immortal, and sought immortality, which was worse than that of the Qin, Han and Wu emperors. In contrast, his militaristic behavior is no different from his trip to the wrong country. The real theme of this poem is to learn from the past, compare the past with the present, and satirize the present.
This poem is not mainly about nostalgia, but about time. Looking up to the sea, facing the excellent writing environment and excellent poetry materials, the poet remembered the absurdity of two emperors seeking immortality in history and severely criticized them. This is a satire and criticism of this kind of emperors, and it is also a hint to the current emperors. Feeling hurt the world at that time, satirizing the present, indicating that although the poet is stranded and drifting, he still cares about the court and the country.
This poem is full of allusions, and an allusions represents an image. The orderly arrangement of these images constitutes the thinking structure of the whole poem.
Climbing high and looking far, this poem is regarded as the time when Li Bainan visited wuyue in Tianbao Decade of Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (75 1). At that time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was addicted to Buddhism and Taoism, loving and seeking immortality, being militaristic and dissolute. Poetry: Ascending the Mountain and Looking Far —— Classification of Li Bai's Poems in Tang Dynasty: Yuefu, Ascending the Mountain and Association