The rhythm of English poetry is based on rhythm. In Greek, the word "meter" means "scale". English poetry calculates the rhythm according to the syllables and stress rhythm in the poem.
One of the characteristics of English poetry is its different format from other styles. Each line of poetry does not reach the margin of each page, and the beginning of each line is capitalized. A few lines become a section, regardless of paragraphs. Pay attention to a certain number of syllables in each line, whether the end of the line rhymes or not, and stagger.
..... syllables are stressed and unstressed. ..... This is the formal form of stress, which is reflected in the rhythm of poetry. The science that studies the prosodic rules of poetry is called prosody.
1. Foot:
This special combination of stressed syllables and unstressed syllables in English poetry is called cadence. The number of syllables in a step can be two or three syllables, but not less than two or more than three syllables, and only one syllable can be stressed. Analyzing the meter of English poetry is to divide it into steps, distinguish which are steps and count the number of steps. This step is called scanning. According to the number of steps in an English poem, one step per line is called "step". Each line of poetry has two steps, called "Dimit"; If there are three steps, it is called "three steps"; In addition, there are four tones, five tones, five tones, six tones, seven tones and eight tones.
Is this the | express | to keqp?
Lard or lean meat
Is it clean? (herrick)
2. Metric: The rhyme of English poetry is distinguished according to the number of syllables contained in the step and the position of stressed syllables. Traditional English poetry has six steps: iambic (Lambus), iambic (Trochee), iambic (Anapaest), Dactyl and Amphibrach.
(Anapaest), Dactyl and Amphibrach:
"⌒" unstressed syllable; "/"stressed syllable.
Tu Shoupeng, A Guide to English Poetry.
Rhythm of English Poetry
The rhymes of English poetry can be divided into different categories according to the repeated parts of phonemes in words. The most common rhymes are alliteration, rhyme and rhyme. Alliteration refers to the repetition of the first word, such as great and grey homonym refers to the repetition of stressed vowels in words, such as great and fail；; Ending rhyme refers to the repetition of phonemes at the end of a word, such as great and bait. But there may be many rhyming forms in a line of poetry:
The light in a woman's eyes. Thomas Moore
There are alliteration of light and lies, homophonic rhyme of light, lies and eyes, and ending rhyme of lies and eyes.
The rhyming format between lines in English poetry is called rhyming scheme. There are three common rhymes: AABB, ABCB, ABBA and ABBA.
(Dasha finishing)
English poetry style:
Sonnet: In the past, it was also transliterated as a poem. Sonnets and iambic pentameter are used as the form of the whole poem. It first appeared in Italy and was introduced to Britain in the 6th century. In the Elizabethan era (the reign of Elizabeth I 1558- 1603), it was favored by scholars. Shakespeare, Spencer and Sydney all wrote famous sonnets. /kloc-the sonnets of the 0/8th century were ignored. But it was later revived by romantic poets Keats and Wordsworth, and was adopted by many poets in the future. There are two kinds of English sonnets: petra Van and Shakespeare (English). A Italian sonnet: imitating the style created by Italian poet Petrarch, it consists of two parts: the first part, TheOctave, consists of four quatrains, and the rhyme is abbaabba；; In the second part of The Sestet, the rhyme feet can have different forms. According to the strict Italian sonnet style, the poem at the end of the first eight lines should come to an end, and the last six lines should be transformed into new poems. B. Shakespeare-style sonnets: composed of three sonnets that rhyme alternately. Finally, there are rhyming double lines. The whole rhyme is ababcdcdefefgg In Shakespeare's sonnets, the artistic conception is achieved in one go, until the last double line, which is the climax of the whole poem. Besides Shakespeare, other poets also adopt this form.
Sonnet 2 1
I'm not like the muse,
His poem was inspired by a beautiful picture,
Who decorates himself with heaven?
Every market is rehearsing,
Make a proud contrast,
There are the sun and the moon, and there are rich gems of the earth and the sea.
With flowers blooming in early April and all the rare things.
The air in heaven is at the hem of this huge circle.
Ah, let me fall in love, but write sincerely,
Then believe me, my love is fair.
As a child of any mother, though not so clever.
Those golden candles are fixed in the air of heaven.
Let them talk about hearsay and so on;
I won't praise for not selling.
(Shakespeare)
Sonnet no 2 1
My poetic god (1) is not like the man who holds God.
I only know how to paint his poems with powder,
Even the sky should be removed for decoration,
List every beautiful woman to praise her beauty,
Duality and all kinds of exaggerated metaphors,
Put his sun, moon, land and sea treasures,
April flowers, and this powerful universe.
Everything in its arms is beautiful.
Oh, let me really love and sing,
Besides, believe me, my love is comparable.
Any mother's son, though clever.
How about a golden candlestick hanging in the sky?
Who likes empty talk, let him talk endlessly;
I don't want to sell it, so I don't need to pray for my own use.
See Liang's translated poems, page 107, Hunan People's Publishing House, page 1983. Poet: Poet, the male pronoun "He" is used below.
Tu Shoupeng, A Guide to English Poetry, p. 38.
Elegy is a thoughtful lyric poem to mourn a public activist, a friend or a relative. By extension, it refers to any introspective lyric poem lamenting the impermanence of the world, with a wider theme. In classical literature, the so-called elegy is just a poem written in elegy meter (six-step sentence and five-step sentence alternately use the case of raising and suppressing), and the subject matter is not limited. In some modern literature, such as German literature, people have adapted the elegy meter into language, so the word elegy only refers to the meter, not the content of the poem.