This poem was written by Song Xiaozong when he was living in Shanyin, his hometown, in the 13th year of Chunxi (1186). Lu You was sixty years old when he was traveling, which is obviously not my age. However, when the poet was exiled, he had to stay idle in his hometown, thinking that the mountains and rivers were broken and the Central Plains had not been collected, so he felt that there was no battlefield for serving his country and dying. He felt that the world was difficult, and the villain mistakenly went to the country and "the scholar was helpless and loyal", so the poet's feelings of depression and anger burst out. Those who are "angry with books" express their feelings of depression and anger in their chests. "When I was young, I knew that the world was difficult, and the Central Plains looked like a mountain." When the hero has no place to play < P >, he will return to the memory of Tiema Jinge. In those days, the poet looked north at the Central Plains, and his heroic spirit of recovering lost land was like a mountain. What a spirit! Did the poet ever think that it would be so difficult to kill the enemy and serve the country? I thought that I was selfless and devoted myself to serving the country, so the country would be fulfilled by me. Unexpectedly, there were traitors who obstructed and destroyed me and were repeatedly ousted. At the beginning of the poem, the poet asked himself how much depression and anger he had. The sentence "Louchuan" describes Song Bing's resistance to the nomads from the southeast and northwest, and also summarizes the poet's past travels. In November of the 31st year of Shaoxing, Song Gaozong (1161), the gold master Yan Hongliang invaded the south, and Song Jun refused to defend it in Guazhou, after which the nomads from the army fled. The last sentence refers to this. In the eighth year of Song Xiaozong Trunk Road (1172), Lu You was attending the curtain of Wang Yanjun in Nanzheng. The poet and Wang Yan actively planned to invade Chang 'an, once crossed the Wei River, and met with the nomads from the Great Sanguan. The next sentence refers to this. The brilliant past summarized in these two sentences is in sharp contrast with the present situation of "intentional killing of thieves, inability to return to heaven". "I am afraid that when I am good, I will hate him for another year." If you want to restore the Central Plains today, why is the poet's heart in tears? From the perspective of poetic art, these two poems also show Lu You's great poetic talent. When the images of "Louchuan" (majestic warship) and "Night Snow", "Iron Horse" and "Autumn Wind" are combined, there are two open and magnificent battlefield scrolls. Image selection is very clean and typical. In the sentence of "Stuck on the Great Wall", the poet uses allusion to express his ambition. In the Southern Dynasties, Tan Daoji, a famous Liu and Song star, once called himself "the Great Wall of Wan Li". The emperor wanted to kill him, and he said, "Destroy the Great Wall of Wan Li." Lu you promised himself by this, which shows that he was majestic when he was young, defending the country, showing off his strength in the border areas, and who else? However, what about now? The poet's unfulfilled anguish hangs on a word "empty". Ambition fails, struggle fails, everything fails, but looking at yourself in the mirror is the first spot of decline, and the head is bald! Comparing the two, how sad? Think again, this ending is not caused by my disappointment, not by my failure to try my best, but by my mistakes and the world grinding me! I have a heart, and God forbid it. Sorrow is depression and anger. Look at the tail link again. Also use the code to express one's ambition. Zhuge insisted on the Northern Expedition. Although he was "a true teacher", he was famous all over the world, and "who is as good as a thousand years". After thousands of years, who can compare with it? Obviously, the poet's allusion is intended to belittle the mediocre villain who is in charge of the ruling and opposition parties, indicating that his ambition to restore the Central Plains will also be "famous". The poet can't find comfort in reality, so he has to put his soul longing for comfort into the future, which is naturally helpless. And the poet had to pour out his frustration when he was depressed. Through Zhuge Liang's allusions, I pursue the achievements of the sages, showing that my patriotic enthusiasm will never change, and I am eager to emulate Zhuge Liang and display my ambitions. Looking back at the whole poem, we can see that every sentence is angry and every word is angry. Poetry is full of anger. The whole poem is full of gloomy feelings and vigorous charm, which is obviously due to Du Fu. The two couplets are stable to the work, especially the words "building ship" and "iron horse" in the couplet, which are heroic and widely recited by people. This kind of poem comes from his personal experience and is full of his feelings about political life, which is incomparable to those works that show off their talents.
The second and the third
These two poems were written by the author in Shanyin at the age of seventy-three. He said, "To cover people's feelings, grief and indignation accumulate in the middle without saying anything, and it originated as a poem. Otherwise, there is no poem. " (The Anthology of Weinan, Volume 15, Preface to the Poems of Lianzhai Jushi) It is under the control of this thought that Lu You often expresses deep accumulated anger in his works. What these two songs express is the grief and indignation of "being stuck in the Great Wall and making empty promises" and "being sad but not seeing Kyushu". The previous song expresses one's ambition and a piece of loyalty that is not understood. "Zezhong" refers to Jinghu Lake, where the poet lives. At that time, the poet was old and weak, far away from the court. It occurred to him that time waits for no one, and there is nowhere to complain, so he has to examine his loneliness by heaven and earth. Then, the poet recalled the past and remembered the ancients. Su Wue was loyal to the Huns. During the Anshi Rebellion, Zhang Xun held on to Suiyang for several months. After being captured, he still cursed the enemy, and finally chewed his tongue and died unyieldingly. I'm loyal to them, and I can learn from them. This couplet complements the meaning of shanglian. Shanglin Garden is an old garden in Han Dynasty. It and "Luoyang Palace" are both used here to refer to the place where the palace is located. The first two couplets were full of emotion. This couplet is delicate in description and precise in antithesis, which has played a paving role. In the end, I spoke my mind, got to the point, had a passionate tone, and felt tragic, which showed the heroic nature of "a man who never dies" (Liang Qichao's poem "Reading Lu Fangweng Collection"). In the second poem, the poet's indignation is different from the previous one. Although this poem seems to be following the last two sentences of the previous one, the poet has to sigh helplessly. The first couplet of this article and the last sentence "My strong heart is not getting old with the years" have the same meaning, which means that I look at myself in the mirror, and my temples are gray, but although my years have passed, my strong heart is still hot. The second connection: I am weak in my late years, and I am overwhelmed by clothes. However, I am sad and angry, my sword is in my hand, and my cold light is flashing, so I still want to fight. So I remembered what happened in those days. At that time, he was full of enthusiasm and passion. In order to recover lost ground, he was far away from Bo (in the southeast of Sichuan Province today). Here generally refers to Sichuan and Shaanxi), fighting Gaolan (county name, in the north of Lanzhou, Gansu). However, with the passage of time, the endless matter of closing the river since ancient times (referring to fighting in the battlefield and clarifying the mountains and rivers) has finally failed to be realized in me. At that time, it was the top gun, but today it has become a bystander. The sadness and desolation of his mood overflowed between the lines. This is the artistic conception of the post-couplet. Lu You's two poems, Book Anger, are vigorous and vigorous, which fully shows a major affection of his poetic style and is the essence of Lu You's whole creation.
Edit the author's brief introduction of this paragraph
Lu You (1125-121), whose word service concept is named Fang Weng. A native of Xi 'an, Shaanxi (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). With more than 9,3 poems, he is the poet with the most poems in China. Many of these poems express the lofty sentiments of resisting gold and killing the enemy and the hatred of the enemy and traitors. They are bold and unrestrained, gloomy and tragic, filled with strong patriotic passion, and made outstanding achievements in thought and art. They were known as "Little Li Bai" before their death, and together with Fan Chengda, You Mao and Yang Wanli, they were called "the four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty". Lu You is not only a leader in the Southern Song Dynasty, but also enjoys a lofty position in the history of China literature. He is a great patriotic poet and poet in China. When I was a teenager, I made the ambition of "getting on the horse and attacking the crazy Hu, dismounting the grass and writing the book". In 1154, it was accepted by Qin Gui. After Xiaozong acceded to the throne, he was born as a scholar and served as a judge in Zhenjiang and Longxing. In 1172, he entered the shogunate of Wang Yan in Xuanfu, Sichuan, devoted himself to military life and fought in the front line. He has always advocated anti-gold, which is taboo for the Lord and the faction. During his tenure, he was repeatedly dismissed. Living in my hometown at the age of late, I lived a poor and angry life. I still remember the Northern Expedition and the recovery of lost ground when I wrote poems at my deathbed. His works include Poems by Jiannan, Collected Works by Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes of Old Xuean, etc. There is a volume of "Let Weng Ci" and two volumes of "Weinan Ci". There are more than 14 ci poems in the Song Dynasty.