2. About Shu Dao
Shu Road starts from ningqiang county in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province in the north and ends in Chengdu, Sichuan Province in the south, with a total length of 450 kilometers. It enters Sichuan via Guangyuan, Jiange, Zitong, Mianyang and Deyang. The terrain along the line is dangerous, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the scenery is beautiful and there are many passes. Difficult road, difficult day? Description.
3. About the writing purpose of this poem
Meng Bang's Skill Poems and Wang's Tang Poems in the Tang Dynasty recorded that Li Baichu met He in Chang 'an and presented the book Shu Dao Nan, which won? Fairy fairy? About nicknames. It can be seen that this is an exercise of Li Bai, which is generally based on galloping literary talent and may not be meaningful. When Li Bai was young, he imitated the poems of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to surpass the ancients. Du Fu once commented on Li Bai's poems like this. Hou Li has a beautiful sentence, which is often like a pit. ? Poetically, this is a poem to send friends to Sichuan, written in the early years of Tang Tianbao. In Li Bai's works on the same subject, there are also five-character poems, Send a Friend to Shu and Ode to Jiange, which can confirm each other. Because of his appreciation, Li Bai's reputation was greatly improved and laid the foundation for it? Poet fairy? The position of Shu Dao is difficult can be said to be his famous work.
4. Li Bai's "send friends to Shu"
It is said that silkworms follow the road, and bumps are not easy to walk. The cliff rises abruptly from the face of the human face, and the qi rises with the rise of the horse's head.
Flowers-like trees cover the path of Qin Ruchuan, the river that flows around the river, and the capital of Shu. Your advance and retreat have been decided, and you won't be asked about the good Kun Pei.
5, Li Bai "Jiange Fu"
Looking five thousand miles south of Xianyang, you can see Cui Wei in Yunfeng. There is a Jiange in front, leaning against the sky, with an opening in the middle. On the other hand, the wind is breezy, and eight apes mourn each other. Flying around, sprinkling stones and spraying pavilions, surging like thunder.
Send a beautiful woman here. When will you come back? Looking at my husband, I was very peaceful and sighed thoughtfully. Look at Cang Bo Dong Zhu, hide in the west by day. Don't don't cry in autumn, why worry about Qin. If the bright moon leaves the Jiange, it must be remembered to drink with the two towns.
Overall perception
"Difficult Road to Shu" was originally an ancient Yuefu topic, belonging to "Harmony Song"? Car tune Before Li Bai's ancient poems, there were also many poems describing the dangers of Sichuan mountains and rivers. For example, Yin Keng, a famous poet in the Southern Dynasties, wrote: The wheel destroyed nine heavy roads and blocked the seven-star bridge. Shu Dao is difficult to travel, and it lives up to its reputation. ? With rich imagination, bold language and bold style, the poet vividly described the beautiful and steep mountains and rivers on the road of Qin and Shu, and his poems were full of rich romanticism.
The structure of Shu Dao Nan is reciprocating. At the beginning of the poem, it is difficult to learn Shu Dao, and click on the theme with strong emotion to set the tone for the whole poem. With the ups and downs of feelings and the changes of natural scenes, such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky? The repeated appearance of "Yong" has formed a pattern in which the sentences of this theme run through and the content is in-depth layer by layer.
learning process
First, add some words below:
Meow meow () Yu Fu () Qin Sai ()
Shizhan () Ape () Ginseng ()
() Yan () Yan () Xuan ()
Flying () and () Cliff Cui Wei ()
Blood-sucking () Consultation ()
Second, divide the rhythm for the following poems.
(1) Eh, danger! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
(2) high, such as on a tall flag, six dragons drive the sun, while the river below lashes its distorted course.
(3) All these dangers are above danger. Whoever has walked a long way, how can he come!
(4) Although the bunker pass is solid and severe, it is difficult for ten thousand people to break it if one person guards it.
Third, explain the meaning and usage of words in the following sentences.
(1) Poor monkeys, they only have claws to use. The male rotates smoothly with the female.
(3) even hear it make cheeks pale (4) and send thunder through 10,000 valleys spinning stones.
(5) Look west, look far away and consult far away (6) There are terrible hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night.
Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) The risk () is too high.
(2) It is difficult to get through the Shu Road, and it is difficult to () go to the sky.
(3) the establishment of the country (at a loss)
(4) There is a bird path in Xidang () Taibai, which can cross () Emei.
(5) Yellow Crane Merchants () can't pass.
(6) But () saw the ancient wood of the sad bird, and the male bird flew around the forest from ().
(7) Even if the peak goes to () days, it will not be profitable () feet.
(8) If a woman wants to pass (), 10,000 can't be forced.
(9) Defending or (9) Relatives of bandits
Fifth, study the content of the text
1、? Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky? This poem appeared three times. What effect does it have on the turning point of poetry and lyric changes?
2. How did this poem begin by describing the long history of Shu Dao? Why do you quote the legend of Wuding Mountain?
3. reading? There are six dragons sitting in the sky sighing? In several poems, what techniques did the poet mainly use to express the grandeur and preciseness of Shu Dao?
4. In the second verse of the poem, the poet gave this? Afraid of the road What kind of atmosphere has been created?
5、? Even the mountain peaks are in the sky? What's good about a few descriptions?
6. How to understand the content of the last poem?
6. How to understand the theme of this poem?
Seven, how to grasp the artistic characteristics of this poem?
Eight, expand reading
Endless poets, endless poets.
Li Bai is a fairy and Du Fu is a saint. Immortals are detached, saints are detached. When the fairy was born, Li Bai was flying romantically all his life. After joining WTO, Du Fu walked in real thorns and muddy water all his life.
Li Bai is a chivalrous man, cynical, fond of kindness and enmity, drunk in restaurants, arrogant, arrogant, spendthrift, and a rich guest; Du Fu is a Confucian, a scholar with lofty sentiments, generous feelings, caring for people and things, caring for others, penniless and worrying about the world like a bodhisattva.
Li Bai is close to Taoism, so he has a wonderful picture of immortality and the unity of heaven and man; Du Fu is close to Buddha, so he has compassion.
Han Yu Yun:? Du Li's articles are in full swing. ? Li Bai and Du Fu have been burning all their lives. Li Bai is a meteorite in the sky, and Du Fu is a fire on earth.
Li Bai's poems are beautiful in spirit, while Du Fu's poems are beautiful in bone.
Li Bai's poems imitate the virtual scene with atmosphere; Du Fu's poems depict the atmosphere with real scenes. Li Bai said: it is difficult to walk, it is difficult to walk, and there are many roads. Where is it now? , is empty shakes a gun; Du Fu said:? Is it difficult to walk through the depression? , is a fact.
Li Bai wrote fantasy, Du Fu wrote reality; Li Bai writes about the past and the future, while Du Fu writes about current events. Li Bai wrote about the world of dreams, and Du Fu wrote about waking up. Li Bai has many dreams and Du Fu has many nightmares. Li Bai is happy and Du Fu is frustrated. Li Bai wrote complexity as simplicity, while Du Fu wrote simplicity as complexity. Li Bai is a legend and Du Fu is a chronicle. Li Bai is a favored son of heaven, and Du Fu is a national talent. Li Bai is a comedian and Du Fu is a tragic actor. Li Bai is Tathagata and Du Fu is Guanyin.
? In endless unrestrained elegance and compassion, future generations will always remember two names? Poet fairy? With what? Poet saint
Reference answer
One,
Gnome male-"(y and yīxxī and) in the husband (f? ) Qin plug (s? I)
Stone stack (zh? N) apes (n? O) ginseng (m? Nshēn) Calendar well
Fu y and ng (y and ng) yan (ch? N) Rock noise (Hu He)
Fly ng fast (tu ā n) and (p and ng) cliff Cui Wei (w? I)
Blood-sucking (shǔn) and counseling (Zjiqi)
Second,
(1) Eh, dangerous/high! Shudao/difficult, but difficult/to the sky!
(2) There is a high standard of/six dragons returning to Yang/on the top, and there is a high standard of/rushing back to Sichuan/on the bottom.
(3) The danger is also/so, the well/distant person/Hu/is coming!
④ Jiange/Zheng Rong/He, and while one man guards it, ten thousand cannot force it.
Third,
(1) The poor monkey has only claws to use (verb usage, worry)
(2) The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird (adjectives are used as nouns, male birds, female birds)
(3) Even hearing it makes your cheeks pale (use verbs to make it fade)
(4) and send thunder through the Wan Gu rotating stone (nouns as verbs, influence; The causative usage of verbs makes them roll)
(5) Look west and ask for advice (nouns as adverbials look west)
(6) There are hungry tigers to be afraid of during the day and poisonous reptiles at night (both nouns are used as adverbials, in the morning and at night).
4. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) Danger: High (2) Medium: What is more than (3)? how(4)Dang:Block； Absolutely; It is hard to add ⑤ Shang: Still.
(6) but: only; From: follow (7) to: distance; Remaining: Full, Full (8) When: Blocking (9) or If?
Five,
1、? Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky? It is not only the theme of the author's chanting, but also the symbol of the turning point and lyric change of poetry. It appeared in the first paragraph, as shocking as a bolt from the blue, and opened an article? Weird? Text; Appears in the second paragraph, connecting the past and the future: before connecting? The terrible road ahead is getting darker and darker? , leading to the back? Facing many dangers? ; In the third paragraph, the song ended elegantly, paying tribute again and again, and showing earnest concern beyond words. Formally speaking, every time you exhale this sentence, you complete a change of rhythm, that is, the alternation of lyricism, discussion and description.
2. At the beginning of the poem, it is extremely difficult to talk about Shu Dao, and the theme with strong feelings has laid a bold tone for the whole poem. Firstly, it describes the long-term seclusion of Shu, and quotes the legendary founding of the country such as Can Cong and Yufu, implying the isolation of high mountains. 48 thousand? An exaggerated narrative; Then describe the landscape between Qin and Shu. Is there a bird path? There is no intention of walking; Then describe the origin of Shu Dao. The legend of introducing Wuding Mountain into the mountains shows the struggle between man and nature and the strong desire of working people to transform nature, and praises the divine power and the courage of pioneers.
3. 1 myths and legends: to? Six dragons return to Japan? Legend has it that this mountain is high-risk. 2 foil: use? Back to Sichuan? This danger is a positive foil to the high risk of this mountain. It is even more difficult to compare people's walking with the situation that the yellow crane can't fly and the ape is worried about climbing. (3) Exaggeration: The Yellow Crane couldn't fly, and the ape scrambled to visit the well, which fully reflected the grandeur and preciseness of the Shu Road. 4 combination of reality and reality: yellow cranes can't fly, and apes are anxious to climb. The author first uses imaginary writing to express the difficulty of Shu Dao, and then uses real writing to express the difficulty of clearing away evil spirits. Every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound? This danger shows the difficult situation and the fear of those who walk on it.
In a word, the authors of these poems used various techniques to describe the high risk of this mountain and the difficulty of highlighting the road.
4、? But see? These four sentences render a sad atmosphere. Lianfeng? Four sentences render a thrilling atmosphere.
5. The poet first set off the high risk of the mountain, and then turned from static to static, and wrote the thrilling scene of water and stone stirring and valley roaring. At the beginning, the poet wrote about the ups and downs of mountains, mountains and sky, the withered pine hanging upside down on cliffs and other scenery, which gave people a frightening feeling of high-risk peaks; Then, the description of rapids, waterfalls and rocks, combined with the sound of thousands of valleys and thunder, vividly shows the steep scenery of mountains and rivers, which makes people feel thrilling, thus creating an overwhelming strong artistic effect and making it difficult for the description of Shu Road to reach its peak.
6. On the basis of exaggerating the dangers and thrills of Shu Dao in the first two sections, the poet in this section focuses on describing the dangers of Shu Dao from the social point of view and continues to carry out psychological warfare on his friends. If you can bypass mountains and avoid cliffs, how can you avoid Jiange, the fortress in central Sichuan? Stretching for more than 30 miles, the peaks are like swords, and the situation is dangerous. One person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it? . ? One person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it? Was it used in Zuosi's Shu Du Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty? A person guarding the pass, there is no way out? Sentence, and "Jiange Ming" written by Zhang Zai in the Western Jin Dynasty? One person holds a halberd, and ten thousand people waste it? Sentences to increase the warning of possible adverse social environment. ? What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? ? Used in Zhang Zai's "Jiange Ming"? Where did you win, not living with relatives? In the sentence, the poet borrows the past to say today, suggesting that the difficulty of Shu Dao is natural since ancient times. ? There are hungry tigers to be afraid of during the day? In four sentences, the poet wrote the sinister natural environment and social environment in Sichuan with exaggerated methods, and advised his friends not to stay for a long time.
What is the theme of this poem? Send a friend to Shudu? Is it following the old topic of Yuefu? That's it? Work. The poet is worried that his friend's journey is difficult and dangerous, and that his friend will go to a strange place, which implicitly entrusts his feelings of parting.
Seven, "Shu Dao Nan" is a famous work of Li Bai. According to the available information, Li Bai has no experience of entering Shu from Qin. He left Shu at the age of 24. Go to the countryside with a sword, leave your relatives and travel far? I have never been to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It can be seen that "Shu Dao Nan" is pure fiction. Rich imagination, strange metaphor, exaggerated brushwork and beautiful rhythm are the main artistic features of this poem. Based on the specific understanding of poetry, we can understand the romantic characteristics of Li Bai's poems.