The appearance in the season is like the opening and falling of lotus flowers.
If the east wind does not come, catkins will not fly in March.
Your heart is like a little lonely city.
Like a bluestone street facing the night.
Without a sound, the spring curtain in March can't be lifted.
Your heart is a small closed window.
My dada horseshoe is a beautiful mistake.
I am not a returnee, I am a passer-by. ...
About the author: Zheng Chouyu, 1933, a native of Jinan, Shandong. During the Anti-Japanese War, she traveled around the mainland with her mother and was taught to read ancient poems by her mother during her refuge. /kloc-started writing new poems at the age of 0/5. However, he said he didn't copy the legacy of classical poetry at all. Everyone thinks that his poems have the essence of classical poetry, just because he has the emotional appeal of classical poets, but the language of his poems is mainly vernacular, and his life experiences are mainly expressed.
1949 moved to Taiwan Province province with his family. After graduating from Zhongxing University, he published his first book of poetry, Dream, in Taiwan Province Province. Most of his early poems were about caring for society. 1968, 35-year-old Zheng Chouyu was invited to participate in the "International Writing Project" in Iowa, USA. 1972 She obtained a master's degree in creative arts from the University of Iowa and stayed there to teach Chinese. The following year, she transferred to Yale University as a senior lecturer in the East Asian Language Department. She is now a resident poet and senior Chinese tutor at Yale University.
Zheng Chouyu is a major member of the modern poetry club. His poems are graceful and graceful, especially his love poems are fresh and graceful. If Zheng Chouyu's works can arouse people's deepest feelings, it is nothing more than beauty and affection, then the poem Wrong is one of the best, which has established the poet's position and influence in Taiwan's poetry circles. After reading: Zheng Chouyu's poem "Mistake" is light and clear, and it is still a masterpiece. If Zheng Chouyu's works can arouse people's deepest feelings, it is nothing more than beauty and affection, then the poem Wrong is one of the best, which has established the poet's position and influence in Taiwan's poetry circles.
Sentence by sentence analysis:
When I first read this poem, the first thing I felt was its China. This is an absolute China poem, a poem belonging to China people, which tells an eternal and beautiful story of China. Therefore, although the shell of this poem flaunts the modernism of western learning spreading to the east, there is no doubt that it conveys a deeper traditional consciousness of China. The poem Mistakes can be said to inherit the tradition of China's ancient palace grievances and in my heart forever's poems. In the poem, the hero "I" rode to the south of the Yangtze River, leaving a woman to live alone in an empty boudoir, waiting for her lover "I" to return day and night. However, the spoony affection of the woman has brought a long and boring wait. Therefore, her heart is "like an isolated city", and there is no "east wind" to deliver news for her, and there is no "catkin" flying all over the sky in spring; Therefore, her heart is a "small window", always paying attention to the "sound" on Qingshi Road, and you can see the colorful spring scenery outside the window without even lifting the curtains. In Liu Yuxi's "Ci of Spring", "Zhu Lou's new makeup should go down, and the first hospital in spring is deeply locked" seems to have the same effect as the above grievances, subtle and far-reaching. Finally, I came back. Dada's hoof looks beautiful to her, because the lover who looked forward to it day and night came back, but in a blink of an eye, this infinite joy turned into infinite disappointment. Because "I" was just passing by, not "going home". This "beautiful mistake" played a trick on her, as if heaven had played a trick on her. Perhaps, some people will understand the "I" in the poem as the sorrow of the prodigal son's homelessness, and this understanding is not unreasonable. In that turbulent era, Taiwan Province people's mentality was wandering, waiting for a place one day. They are just a passer-by on the island of Taiwan Province Province, thinking that one day they can return to their hometown to reunite with their relatives. However, due to political reasons, their wishes could not be realized, resulting in a sense of loss and melancholy. However, if we try to compare Zheng Chouyu's other poems with errors, it is not difficult to find strong circumstantial evidence. For example, in Zheng Chouyu's Little Three, lines such as "I think loneliness and waiting are good for women" and "Because I am not the kind of person who often goes home" all show the theme that women stay in the boudoir and wait for the protagonist to return. In another poem, The Slave Outside the Window, "I am the God of the South, with my bare arms wrapped in a gauze-like night. Therefore, the star hanging on my wrist is my female slave ",which also tells the sad mood of women waiting for men to return in the long and lonely years." "
Mistake has nine lines and 94 words. The whole article is not long, but its artistic skills are not only praised, but also recited orally. Structurally, it implies two clues: vertical and horizontal. The obvious vertical line is from large view to small view, with distinct layers. The first two sentences are set in the vast south of the Yangtze River, then the camera moves to the small town, then to the streets, curtains and window leaves, and finally falls on the horseshoe, breaking the silence ahead. This writing is quite similar to the spatial treatment in Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue, from the big scene of "there are no birds in the mountains" to the small scene of fishermen fishing alone in the middle of the river, which pushed the poem to a climax. Judging from the horizontal line, the first two sentences should be the end. It is precisely because "I" walked from Jiangnan to that woman's place and didn't go in. The woman's expectation of "face like lotus" became disheartened. The last two sentences should have been "I'm not a passer-by, just a passer-by", so "my horseshoe is a beautiful mistake". Here the poet used a small inversion sentence. This arrangement has created an uneven level of structure, which is more poetic and shines brightly in disharmony. Another touching thing about this poem is the beauty of its language, especially the words "beautiful mistakes". This sentence is inherently contradictory. The horseshoe of Dada sings the deep heart of women's hope for reunion, so it is beautiful. However, the horseshoe just passed in front and didn't stop for her expectation. This is a mistake. This ups and downs, back and forth reversal scene, has produced a high degree of drama, but also formed a refreshing ups and downs. If it is associated with the China nature of this poem, it is similar to the artistic conception expressed by William Wang's "Glowing glass of grapes and wine, urging you to drink pipa immediately". At the same time, Zheng Chouyu also used the images in China's traditional classical poems, such as "Lotus", "Catkin", "Horseshoe" and "Spring Festival". In particular, the image of "East Wind" is taken from Li Shangyin's untitled book "It was a long time before I met her, but it was even longer after we broke up". The implication of "the east wind rises and a hundred flowers blossom" once again shows the most fundamental nature of China in Zheng Chouyu. Yang Mu's long article "The Legend of Zheng Chouyu" says: "Zheng Chouyu is a China poet in China, and he writes with good China characters, which is accurate in image, gorgeous in voice and absolutely modern", emphasizing the China nature of Zheng Chouyu's poetic language, thus reflecting China's thoughts and feelings. Pure writing is another advantage of this poem. When talking about poetry writing skills, Zheng Chouyu said: "When writing poetry, you should be loyal to yourself, not bluffing. If you are not sure about yourself, it is disloyal. " Therefore, Zheng Chouyu's Wrong emphasizes purity and neatness, freshness and lightness, and does not play word games or make up words, trying to express the poet's most faithful feelings with the most faithful words. This is a true and sincere poem. Mistake still touches the heartstrings of countless readers. I think the most important factor is not to win with words, but to impress people with its inner feelings. This kind of emotion is not disguised or carved, which makes the scene harmonious and consistent in the poem and has endless artistic appeal. Creation technique: (1) be clear but not obvious, be hidden but not gloomy, and express the feelings of parting euphemistically.
(2) The images in poetry are very traditional and China. Images such as Dongfeng, Catkin, Qingshi Street, Window Fan and Spring Curtain create unique emotional artistic conception, try their best to render strong melancholy, and show the depression of long-lost relatives and the melancholy of not being together in a tortuous way.
(3) This poem is deeply influenced by China's classical poetry. It inherits the tradition of China's ancient palace grievances and funeral march's poems, but only expresses this theme in modern language.
(4) Short and unique, light and clear, beautiful and sad, "comparable to Song poetry".
(5) Metaphor is a novel, fresh and weak woman who goes to Qiu Lai day after day in the spring and stays alone, looking haggard. The poet refers to the decline of women's beauty by "the opening and falling of lotus flowers"; Describe the female claustrophobic inner world with "a lonely town" and "closed windows". Image interpretation:
This poem has several core images. "Your heart" is one of the core images. The heart is empty and unfathomable, but the poet can describe its shape, write its god and beautiful its name. You see, Your Heart is alienated into an isolated city, a bluestone street facing dusk, and a small closed window. Inner loneliness, loneliness and closure seem to be tangible and three-dimensional, visible and tangible. Poets describe abstractness with concrete, and aesthetic feeling arises spontaneously.
"Face" is also a core image, which is different from the previous one. This image is described and set off by "Lotus", and it is written by concrete. People often write the youthful beauty of faces in the form of flowers, but in this poem, the beauty of faces is special. It is like a flower locked in the yard, nobody cares, and it blooms freely. If you use your reasonable imagination, you can see a beautiful picture. The background of the scroll is misty rain in the south of the Yangtze River, the lotus flowers bloom and fall, and the years are like water ... The center of the scroll should be "face".
"Dada's horseshoe" is also a core image, which is used to express the arrival and inquiry of "I" and is a wonderful use of metonymy rhetoric. The horseshoe here may be real or empty. Did I come by horse or carriage? Or does the poet compare his steps to dada horseshoes? Let the reader think. "Dada" is an onomatopoeic word, loud and rapid, which suddenly shocked the silence of the town streets and vaguely revealed the eagerness of travelers. But the "beautiful mistake" has worn away the sharpness of Dada's horseshoe, declared its recklessness, and the sense of loss and absurdity of "I". Is horseshoe a mistake? Grammarians will scoff at making logical mistakes, but this is a whimsy in poetry creation. Using "beauty" to modify "wrong" has rich implications, as if "wrong" is about to become an image. Isn't this a brilliant idea?
In addition to the core image, there are many auxiliary images in the poem, so I won't elaborate on them. Summing up all the images, we can divide them into several types, including real images and virtual images, ontological images and vehicle images. Appearance, your heart, lonely city, streets, window sashes, horseshoes, passers-by and so on. They are all realistic images and real existence; Dongfeng, catkin, sound, spring curtain, returning to people and so on are all virtual images, which do not appear in the real scene, but appear as virtual images in poetry, decorating the picture frame of poetry and painting; Face, heart and horseshoe are ontological images, waiting for the poet to transform into other images; Lotus, lonely city, street, window leaf, etc. It's a figurative image. They exist on the basis of realistic image and ontological image, and are produced by the poet's association or imagination.
In a word, these images show the beauty of sad, peaceful or abrupt sounds, which together constitute the poetic realm of this poem from static to dynamic and from dynamic to static.
Main content: Error describes the changing process of a woman waiting for her return. After a long time, the lotus flowers bloom and fall. Her heart is like a "lonely little city", closed, dull and lifeless. Here, the lotus flowers bloom and fall, in fact, it is a woman who is happy because she thinks her sweetheart is back, but disappointed because she knows that she is just a passer-by passing by the door; These two kinds of emotional changes are also changes in women's expressions, such as "the opening and falling of lotus flowers". In this "city"-the east wind doesn't come, the catkins don't fly, and the dusk street is deserted. She closed her heart in disappointment. At this time, the pounding of dada's hooves came from the street, which brought new hope to her. But this hope is just a "beautiful mistake". This is not her wish to return home, but just a passer-by. Other related: this little poem is light and clear, and it is still a masterpiece. The whole poem takes the image of a small town in the south of the Yangtze River as the center, and writes the feelings of thinking about women and people. The artistic conception is beautiful and profound, and it is known as "the swan song of modern lyric poetry".