2. Grasp the meaning and function of key sentences and paragraphs.
Teaching focus:
1, understand how the keyword "melancholy" leads the whole mood.
2. Experience the author's passionate and deep thoughts and feelings. Pre-stage: Read the text repeatedly, combined with the materials distributed before class (about Lu Xun, about Bai Mang, excerpts from Bai Mang's poems "Blood Word", "Let the Dead Die" and Lu Xun's "Remembering the Past").
Late stage: Ask 1-3 questions that you think are the most valuable.
Teaching process:
First, import
1, Introduction
Yu Dafu said in Huai Lu Xun: "A nation without great people is the most pitiful creature in the world; have
A great man who doesn't know how to support, love and admire a country is a hopeless slave country. "
1936 65438+ 10/9, Mr. Lu Xun passed away. People are wearing a white flag embroidered with the three characters "soul of china"
Lu Xun's coffin. "soul of china" is the highest praise of Lu Xun by Chinese people.
2. About Lu Xun, I think the students know something more or less, so let's listen to what the students know about Lu Xun.
Lu Xun is a great writer, thinker and revolutionary in modern China. Originally known as Zhou Shuren, the word Yucai, "Lu Xun" was the pseudonym he used when writing for New Youth on 19 18.
Today, the teacher is going to talk about Lu Xun, who cares about, is close to and empathizes with the youth.
In his 56 years of life, he spent 19 years as a teacher. At school, Lu Xun is a teacher who can't find a bad review among the students. Why is this? This is because Lu Xun always cares about and actively cultivates young people, especially young writers. This is also a great contribution of Lu Xun to the cultural cause of China.
193 1 year, after Bai Mang was shot by the Kuomintang, the figure of Bai Mang often appeared in front of Lu Xun-"a young man in his twenties with a straight face and dark skin". Lu Xun could not be calm for a long time, and wept bitterly for China's loss of such a hero. Lu Xun sadly recalled the days when he got along with Bai Mang. 1March 936 1 1 Day and night, five years after Bai Mang's death, Lu Xun, who was seriously ill, prefaced Bai Mang's poem Baby Tower that night. Today, we come to know this lovely young man-Bai Mang, and his poems that Lu Xun described to us with affectionate pen.
Second, solve the problem: about the order
What's the meaning of "Introduction to the White Mang Baby Tower"?
That is, Lu Xun prefaces Bai Mang's poetry collection Baby Tower.
Preface: refers to the preface, written in front of a book or a poem, explaining its writing reason, content and style.
It is also a famous essay.
Prose: It contains two indispensable factors: literature and argumentative writing. It organically combines incisive and profound reasoning with vivid expression, forming a unique style of sharpness, acrimony and humor. Lu Xun is a master of modern prose.
Third, research articles.
This article is a little difficult, so before class, I let everyone ask their own questions, from which I can extract a more valuable question and solve some other problems:
It is an obligation to preface the legacy of an old friend, and Lu Xun himself regards it as an obligation, in the third paragraph of the article.
There are some inspirations, but why did the author say at the end of this preface, "Why do you need my preface and so on?" That is to say, what kind of waves and changes have taken place in the author's feelings behind the two seemingly contradictory ideas? Let's explore the emotional clues in the text together.
(1) Find a word that dominates the author's emotion in the article: melancholy (literary eye) (the most expressive keyword that can best help readers understand the work)
(2) How to understand this melancholy, and how does it connect the full text?
1, weather and mood: (The situation is turbulent and seriously ill,) It's late spring, and it's chilly; The rain is dripping, which is sad; Preface for Bai Mang's poetry anthology → produce melancholy.
Q: How do you understand "This makes me more depressed" in the first paragraph? /In the first paragraph, the author writes a letter from Spring Rain and afar. What kind of feeling does this place give the author?
Grasp the topic, "also because of", dash and "this" to understand.
2. Think of the white mans from the beginning of the letter → more melancholy.
Q: Find out the sentences that recall Bai Mang in the second paragraph.
Sentences related to taste: "I'm wearing a big cotton gown, and my face is sweaty when it's hot ... I won't inform him this time." Here, I use appearance and language to describe the role of Bai Mang.
A: Praise Bai Mang, a revolutionary youth who was only 19 years old and was imprisoned three times, for his firm revolutionary optimism and his thoughts; Express indignation at the cruel suppression of revolutionaries by Kuomintang reactionaries.
3. I can't comment on the manuscript in detail under the white terror → I'm still disappointed.
(Background: The September 18th Incident, the 128th Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang government's "non-resistance" abroad and the "great encirclement and suppression" at home ...)
Q: Has the author's melancholy changed?
Words related to taste: "a fire", "simply", "maybe" and sentences: "I can't say a word-because I can't"
A: Here the author makes an analogy.
A Fire: It vividly shows the author's eagerness to pass on a message. From this metaphor, we can appreciate the profound friendship between the author and Bai Mang.
In this anxious mood to spread poetry, the author said, "I don't know poetry at all." Why?
"Almost": Lu Xun loved the art of poetry all his life and paid attention to and studied the development of Chinese and foreign poetry. In his twenties, he wrote "On Moro Poetry" with high academic value. According to statistics, Mr. Wang's earliest poem "Three Brothers" was written at the age of 65,438+09, and the latest poem was "My Accidental Poetry of the Year of the Sea" written a few months before his death.
What I don't understand is the works of people I don't like, or it can be the "mature, concise, quiet and distant works" mentioned below. I just don't want to understand the poems of those boring literati.
"Maybe": express uncertainty and recall the reason why Lu Xun and Bai Mang first met. Lu Xun and Bai Mang met and interacted because they loved the poems of Hungarian revolutionary romantic poet petofi. The reason why Zhen and Lu Xun quarreled was not because they quarreled with Bai Mang, but because like-minded literary warriors belonging to the same front fought tirelessly with reactionary literati and literature in order to crush the cultural "encirclement and suppression" of reactionaries. Seemingly self-deprecating, it is actually a blow.
"I can't say a word-because I can't": For the reason why I can't say it, see Memorial Forgetting IV: "But in China, there was really no place to write at that time, which was tighter than canned food."
△ The author is eager to spread the legacy of his deceased friend, but due to the white terror at that time, he can't comment on this poem in detail, which makes the author unable to reverse his melancholy mood so far.
4. The Birth of Baby Tower → Out of Melancholy
Part related to grades: Part IV
1) Here, the author uses parallelism and metaphor to make a high evaluation of Bai Mang's poems. Read the fourth paragraph aloud.
2) Use comparative methods to taste language features.
Compare with substitute words:
Twilight in the East (Dawn, Sunshine) —— With the words "tin can" and "imprisonment" in Forgotten Memory, we can understand the accuracy of its language. It has brought millions of people the light to break through the darkness before dawn.
Whistling arrows in the Woods (sharp arrows)-transforming vision into hearing is thrilling.
Including the later "budding" and "the first step", all show the great role of the poetry collection "Baby Tower" in image language.
Understand that "another meaning" and "another world" refer to the world of proletarian working people/the world of capitalism.
"Ordinary poet", "mellow and concise, clear and faint".
3) Read aloud again.
(3) Research Abstract: The preface is an internal matter for Lu Xun, but even without the preface, Bai Mang's poems will still spread, because he has many comrades-in-arms, and they will never forget him. So the author walked out of the melancholy, which no longer exists, but felt the infinite relief after liberation, so he finally said, "Why do you want me to make a preface or something?" This ending is meaningful.
Fourth, the overall feeling:
Q: What have we learned from the author's emotional surge from melancholy to melancholy?
A: I realized the author's deep yearning and friendship, that is, the author's passionate and deep thoughts and feelings. (This is the main aspect. A more detailed and in-depth answer can be: the author's strong love and hate: love for progressive youth and hatred for reactionaries. )
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Students, today, in Mr. Lu Xun's charming language, we not only learned about Bai Mang and his poems, but also realized Mr. Lu Xun's deep friendship for young people.
In fact, in many of Lu Xun's works, we feel not only a spiritual warrior, but also a young friend, a child, a dutiful son, a husband, a loving father, a brother and so on.
To understand a person, you must feel it with your heart. The more you read and think about Lu Xun's articles, the more you like and admire him.
I hope today's lesson can be a key for you to try to know Lu Xun from different aspects of life and have a spiritual dialogue with him.
Sixth, expand reading.
Determine a special reading in the form of "Lu Xun" and make such a special writing.
Lu Xun's books have been read all his life.