Evaluating the ideological content of ancient poetry and the author's viewpoint and attitude is a higher requirement based on grasping the content and emotion of poetry, and the ability level is E. Ideological content and the author's viewpoint and attitude refer to the social real life reflected by the poet's poetic language, and then his thoughts and feelings, attitude towards life, personal ideals and political tendencies. To evaluate ideological content is to understand the life content expressed by poetry, grasp his thoughts and feelings, and analyze its social significance and its deep level. Evaluating viewpoints and attitudes is to evaluate the author's attitude towards the scenery, characters and events in the poem, and also to evaluate the passivity and enthusiasm of the author's attitude.
Propositional law
Evaluating the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude is a compulsory part of the college entrance examination, with a high score, which should be the focus of preparing for the exam. This paper summarizes the proposition rules of 20 1 1 college entrance examination questions from the aspects of proposition and examination.
First, from the perspective of topic setting, some only examine a certain problem such as "poetic eyes", key sentences, emotions, themes, etc. separately, while others combine image, language and skills. For example, 20 1 1 Beijing volume "Exposing Straw": This poem was written by Zhang Lei to educate children. Please read it.
2. From the form of the test questions, some of them are expressed as "what thoughts to express", "what feelings to express" and "what attitude to life to express", while others are expressed as "one sentence is a poetic eye, why", "what does one sentence explain", "Someone commented on this poem ... Do you agree with this view", "The main purpose of this poem is to talk about your understanding" and so on. Please briefly explain the reasons.
Zhenti presentation
Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question.
Li Bai in spring
Du Fu
Bai Ye's poetry is invincible, and he thinks it is futile.
Fresh in the government, Jun Yibao joined the army.
Chunshu in Weibei, sunset in Jiangdong.
When you drink a bottle of wine, you should pay attention to the fine paper.
Note: Yu Kaifu and Bao refer to the famous poets Yu Xin and Bao in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Weibei and Jiangdong refer to Chang 'an, where Du Fu was then, and the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where Li Bai was then. Thesis: On Poetry here.
(1) From which three aspects did the first four sentences of this poem give Li Bai a high evaluation?
(2) What kind of thoughts and feelings does the couplet "Spring Trees in Weibei and Twilight Clouds in Jiangdong" express? What kind of expression is used?
Analysis: The first sub-topic examines "What did the poem write?" The topic has two main points, one is "which three aspects" and the other is "what kind of high evaluation" So when you answer questions, you must answer them from these two aspects. From Invincible Poetry, we can see that the first aspect and high evaluation focus on "status", and from Thinking of No Group, we can see that the second aspect and high evaluation focus on "thought". (3) Poetic style, fresh and elegant. The second sub-topic requires an answer to "What thoughts and feelings are expressed", and the key is to grasp the meaning of missing the word "one" in the topic. The answer can be drafted as: express the desire of both sides: the author misses his friend Li Bai and imagines that Li Bai is also missing himself. The lyric and emotional expression techniques in the scene are used.
Breakthrough method
First, start with "point" and "face" to explore the meaning of poetry.
As a standardized topic of ancient poetry appreciation in college entrance examination, it generally follows the basic law of literary appreciation, that is, words cannot be separated from sentences and sentences cannot be separated from the beginning. Therefore, "point" and "face" should be feasible ways for us to appreciate ancient poems. The "face" here refers to the ideological content of poetry and the author's viewpoint and attitude; The "emphasis" here mainly includes the "key points" of the following contents:
Keywords: the most vivid words in the poem, which can best reflect the author's thoughts, viewpoints and emotional attitudes, are usually verbs or adjectives, such as "roll" and "roar" 20 1 1 in Li Bai's Storm in Tianjin.
Key sentence: refers to the sentence that best summarizes the ideological content or feelings of poetry, usually lyrical or argumentative. For example, "There is a piece of ice in the jade pot" in Wang Changling's "Lotus Inn and Xin Qiji's Parting" shows the author's great ambition; Zhu's "The Feeling of Reading" said that people should learn nutrition from books and enrich and improve themselves. This kind of poetry has the function of making the finishing point in poetry, which can be said to be the key sentence in poetry. By grasping these sentences, we can quickly and accurately understand the ideological content of poetry and the author's emotional attitude.
Poetry titles: The titles of many poems play an important role in prompting the types and contents of poems. For example, the word "farewell" in "Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou" indicates that the poem belongs to "farewell" poetry; On the other hand, Out of the Bunker and Going to the Army show that this kind of poems should be "frontier fortress" poems. Make this clear, and our answer will be targeted. 20 1 1 What is the nature of the "mountain spring" in the poem Yongshan Spring in Shandong? When the poet puts forward the question "What kind of feelings are expressed in chanting mountain springs", we can write the answer of "calm and natural, lofty and self-sustaining" in combination with the content characteristics of chanting poems. On the contrary, if we ignore the topic, we may sometimes answer the question blindly because of thinking.
Image: Image is the emotional object, the crystallization of the poet's aesthetic creation and the carrier of emotional thoughts. In China's ancient poems, many images often contain specific meanings, such as: rambling, often including loyalty; Indus is often bitter; The waning moon often means dispersion; Willow, expressing the feeling of parting, also contains the meaning of retaining. Usually preparing for the exam to strengthen the accumulation of knowledge in this area, and interpreting the content of poetry and the author's emotions with the image of poetry as the starting point in the exam can often receive satisfactory results. For example, 20 1 1 The first (2) question of Chongqing ancient poetry appreciation: "Point out that' Yin is a god'.
Note: All the information appearing in the ancient poetry appreciation questions of college entrance examination should be regarded as valid information, including notes. Annotations are generally explanations or hints related to the content of a poem, such as the title, author, dynasty, writing background, etc. In many cases, they play an important role in solving our problems. For example, Liaoning Volume 20 1 1 replied, "Please appreciate this poem from the picture, the real scene and the relationship between them." We can't ignore the role of annotations, because annotations (① The collectors of paintings are Founder and life is unknown, and the albums are mounted in pages; (2) Hui Chong, a monk and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, is good at painting the scenery of geese, geese, cranes and water towns), which not only helps us to correctly understand the connotation of the poem, but also can accurately distinguish the painting scene from the real scene in the poem.
Second, with the help of expression skills, try to figure out the content and emotion of poetry.
The ideological content and emotional attitude of some poems are mainly expressed by some specific expression skills, such as metaphor, allusions, contrast and so on. Therefore, mastering the expressive skills in poetry and analyzing its expressive characteristics are also effective ways to appreciate poetry. For example, Jiangxi Volume 20 1 1: What kind of ideological background does the phrase "people beg to sacrifice concubines" reflect? "People Begging for Sacrifice to Concubine" uses the allusion of "Qi people have wives and concubines". This allusion describes the ugly state of Qi people who have no personal dignity and are complacent about eating food sacrificed by others, which is in sharp contrast with Jiezitui's integrity that he would rather burn than be an official, and finally expresses the author's torture on the meaning of life.
Practice it.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
It is not a good thing to visit Taoist priests in Daitianshan Mountain.
Lipper
In the barking of dogs,
Peach blossoms are thick.
A deer is seen in the depth of a tree,
You can't smell the afternoon bell.
Wild bamboo is green and hazy,
Flying springs hang blue peaks.
No one knows where to go,
Worried about two or three pine trees.
Some people say that the protagonist of this poem is Li Bai, while others say that the protagonist of this poem is Taoism. Which view do you agree with? Please tell me your reasons. (Source: China Newspaper College Entrance Examination Edition)