1. According to the three-part rule, "Laoshan Jie" belongs to the narrative category, and according to the four-part rule, it belongs to prose.
2. Classification of literary genres:
Various literary genres have different characteristics and effectiveness in reflecting social life and expressing thoughts and feelings, which makes them different from each other. Come on. Historically, writers and literary critics have constantly classified various literary works in order to study and master the laws and characteristics of various literary genres and promote the development of literary creation and literary criticism. As a result, some theories of stylistic classification have emerged. ,book. There have always been various standards for classifying literary genres, and thus there are also various classification methods. The earliest classification method in my country is the dichotomy, which divides literary genres into two categories: verse and prose according to rhyme and unrhyme. However, since the May 4th Movement, the most common classification rules in China are two: one is the "three-point rule" and the other is the "four-point rule".
The "Rule of Thirds" is to divide various literary genres into three major categories based on different ways of shaping images: narrative, lyrical, and drama.
According to the "rule of thirds", narrative refers to works that depict characters through the description of events, thereby reflecting reality and expressing the author's thoughts and feelings. In such works, the author's thoughts and opinions permeate the description of specific events, and "all internal factors penetrate deeply into external factors, so that the two aspects - internal and external - are indistinguishable from each other and directly It appears as a definite, self-contained reality - an event. The poet is not seen here; a well-defined world develops by itself, and the poet seems to simply tell everything that is completed automatically." Since the author of this type of work narrates from the side, and at the same time, it allows the characters to express themselves without any restrictions, therefore, it can reflect real life to a very broad and full extent. Such works include narrative poems, novels, fables, etc.
Lyrical works refer to those works that reflect reality through the author expressing certain thoughts and feelings. In this type of works, the author directly expresses his feelings about real life and his love and hate, and uses it to reflect reality and impress readers. "Here poetry dwells in inner factors, sensations, and thoughts in the stage of reflection; spirit retreats from outer reality into itself and takes over the endless variety of its own inner life (which transforms everything external into itself). Color is given to poetry. Here, the poet's personality plays a dominant role, and we can only feel and understand everything through the poet's personality. Such works generally do not have a complete plot and are often short in length. Prose, etc.
Drama refers to works that place characters on the stage and let the characters express their personalities through actions. A certain kind of real event promoted by subjective and objective forces is developing; however, this event is not purely external. Here the event does not suddenly appear to us, but is prepared: starting from the active force that is hidden from us, it goes through a free journey of its own and then falls back into itself - yes, here we see It comes to the origin and occurrence process of events arising from personal will and character. On the other hand, these characters do not stay within themselves, but are constantly exposed, and they must constantly expose their inner spiritual content in actual interests." That is to say, this type of work has both the characteristics of narrative works and It has the characteristics of a complete plot and the elements of a lyrical work - it can express emotions through characters; but it is different from the lyrical type and the narrative type, nor is it a simple combination of the two. It has its own characteristics. Characteristics, because of this, it can exist independently. Such works include tragedies, comedies, dramas, etc.
As for the "four-part rule", all literary works are shaped and shaped according to it. Different basic points such as institutional structure, language use and expression methods are summarized and classified into four major categories: poetry, novels, prose and drama literature. This classification method is relatively commonly used in our country. In the "four-part rule", the poetry category includes lyric poems in the lyric category and narrative poems in the narrative category of the "three-part rule". The reason why these two are combined into one category and called "poetry" is because they are The two writers have many similarities in shaping the image, organizational structure and language use. The novel is a part of the narrative category in the "rule of thirds" because it is centered on the creation of characters. Characterization, plot narration, environmental description, structural arrangement and language use all have outstanding characteristics, which are obviously different from poetry and prose. In addition, this genre is the most popular in modern times. Therefore, in the "four points" It is separated as a major category in "Fa". The prose category refers to all literary genres except novels, poetry, and drama literature. Its scope is very wide, and lyrical prose that belongs to the lyric category can be classified into this category. , Travel notes, miscellaneous notes, reportage, biographies, etc. in the narrative category can also be included in this category, and even essays, sketches, etc. that are mixed with narratives and discussions are included as an independent category because of this genre. His works have broad themes and diverse styles. They are different from poetry, novels and dramatic literature, but they also have the basic characteristics of literature.
At the same time, this can also correct some narrow understandings of literature and prevent some works that are rich in literary value and have literary characteristics from being excluded from literature. As for the category of dramatic literature, it is exactly the same as the drama category in the "Rule of Threes".