0 1
In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the Chinese civilization was bright and the moon was clear, and countless romantic poets were born under the beautiful scenery. In Shan Ye, the wheat waves are endless, and even those farmers have the desire to write poems.
Wang Jia, a little V among the poets in the late Tang Dynasty, was a scholar in those days, and later became an official in the Ministry of Rites, then abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown.
Away from the intrigue of officialdom, the poet Wang lived a life of envy at the foot of Ehu Mountain. Although there is no bustling city in Beijing, Wang Jia's happy, serene and peaceful life in a village far away from the hustle and bustle of rivers and lakes has brought back more and more unfamiliar poetry in officialdom. A song "Social Day" is his masterpiece:
Goose and lake, crops grow well, every household is full of pigs and chickens.
It's getting late, the shadow of mulberry trees is getting longer and longer, the spring feast is gradually dispersed, and the drunkard goes home happily with the help of his family.
The place name of Ehu Mountain highlights the local characteristics. Groups of geese, ducks, fish and shrimp are all over the lake, and a beautiful pastoral scenery is displayed in front of people. The "half-closed door" in the article depicts the simple environment in which rural residents don't close their doors at night, and "every family helps others get drunk" embodies the fun of rural life.
Unfortunately, there are only six poems in the whole Tang Dynasty, and Wang Jia's works devoted to landscapes and pastoral areas have long been submerged in the streams and disappeared into the birds' songs in the forest.
02
When we turned our eyes from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, a song by Qin Guan, Hickory Tree Outside the Village, appeared before our eyes:
Trees surround the village and water fills the pond. Wandering in the east wind, high-spirited. The small garden is full of spring. There are peach blossom red, plum blossom white and cauliflower yellow.
Far away from the fence, there is a dark hall. Next to Qingqing and Liushui Bridge. Occasionally take the opportunity to flatten Donggang. Yinger is singing, Yaner is dancing and butterflies are busy.
Qin Guan's name is Shao You and he is known as Mr. Huaihai in the world. Su Shi once gave him a nickname "Shan Mo Wei Yunjun". I think this is brother Su's most interesting evaluation of comrades.
This nickname comes from Qin Guan's masterpiece "Manshan Fang Ting Wei Yun". In the article, "The mountains cover Wei Yun, and the sky declines", "Outside the sunset, there are ten thousand points in western Western jackdaw, and the water surrounds the lonely village", and "Man wins the brothel and survives in name only" is really lonely. However, I prefer the above song "Xiangxingzi, the trees around the village", which shows the beautiful countryside in spring and the competition between everything.
This word was written in the early years of the author's creation, when he lived at home and had not yet become an official. The first half shows the static scenery of the Baihua Garden, while the second half depicts the rural hometown and charming spring scenery with flowing water and green flags.
After reading this word, people yearn for it. Later, Qin Guan went out to visit Su Shi. With the encouragement of Su Shi, he took the college entrance examination twice, but both failed because of his talent. Later, he was comforted and entered the official career after World War III.
I don't know if Qin Shaoyou, who experienced the ups and downs of his official career, ever missed the ordinary life he wrote at that time: "Surround the village with trees and fill the pond with water".
Qin Guan is a dazzling star in the literary history of the Northern Song Dynasty. I remember that Wang Shizhen once wrote in the poem Rain in Gaoyou that "I have never seen Qin Huaihai, and I was lonely for 500 years", which is the best memory for Comrade Qin Shaoyou.
03
Comrade Zhang Shunmin, who was admitted to Jinshi only 20 years earlier than Qin Shaoyou, also showed the joy of rural life because of a "Village Residence Map":
Running water surrounds the paddy field, and the fence is full of green bamboo; All the elm seeds have been lost, and the hibiscus flowers have become sparse.
As the sun sets, there is no cowboy riding on the back of the cow, only a pair of crows wandering on the village road.
Zhang Shunmin is not only a writer, but also a painter. Therefore, this poem creates a strong sense of picture, especially the last two sentences, "No one lies on the cow's back at sunset, bringing back West Western jackdaw in pairs", which adds a lot of imagination.
There is a saying in The Book of Songs that "the evening is over and the cattle and sheep come down", but in the author's works, Western jackdaw in the west, which is easy to be surprised and fly, is leisurely and carefree in this quiet atmosphere, standing on the back of the cow, and the silence of a crow complements the movement of the cow, making people feel at home.
"(Zhang Shunmin) was promoted to the right advice doctor after taking office in Hui Zong for seven days, with 60 chapters." It can be seen that the author is a macho man, good at making suggestions and daring to be the first. I don't know when this poem was written, nor what kind of fate the author was in at that time.
I think, if the poet is given another chance to choose, perhaps the life of "wife and children on the kang" in this mountain village will be more attractive than living in a temple and wandering among the mysterious clouds of Apollo.
04
I remember learning a poem in the text when I was a child:
The thatched roof of the hut is low and small, and the stream is covered with green grass. Drunk Wu local drunk, gentle voice, white-haired old man who is it?
The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, and the second son is busy knitting chicken cages. My favorite is my youngest son, who is lying in the grass, peeling the lotus just picked.
This song "Qingpingle Village Residence" was written by Xin Qiji, a great V poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Together with Su Shi, it is called "Su Xin" and together with Li Qingzhao, it is called "Jinan Er 'an".
When I read this word, I suddenly remembered the summer vacation in the country when I was a child, riding cows and geese with a group of friends and fishing in the water.
Xin Qiji vividly described the different faces and patterns of his family and their beautiful farm life through this word. I think this is also the poet's grief over his ill-fated and hard-to-get-back, turning it into the helplessness of living in the countryside and accompanying his family.
Standing in the yard every day, watching the sunrise and sunset, Xin Qiji, who lives a normal life, always has a desire to restore the mountains and rivers of the motherland. I think many aspiring poets, even if they lead an ordinary life with their wives and children, are afraid that their dreams of fighting in the battlefield and recovering mountains and rivers will flash in their hearts.
Poems expressing affection for mountains and rivers occupy almost half of the poetry halls, and the idea of "saving the world if you are rich, and protecting yourself if you are poor" has also penetrated into the hearts of every poet.
At that time, the black silk scarf and Fang Qiu of the feather fan were already dancing in the wind, and only the gorgeous words written by Yu Yu were still shining after thousands of years.