(Tang) Bai Juyi
A child propped up the boat and secretly picked the white lotus back.
He didn't know how to hide the trail. The duckweed on the water left a boat on the trail.
[Remarks]:
Ship: Ship.
Confused: I don't know; I don't know.
Together: all the way.
Boating: to prop up a boat and push it forward with poles.
Xiaowa: A child.
Duckweed: an aquatic plant with oval leaves floating on the water, fibrous roots under it and white flowers in summer.
Open: separate.
[Author Information]:
Bai Juyi (772-846), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was named Lotte, a Buddhist in Xiangshan, and his ancestral home was Taiyuan [now Shanxi]. When I arrived at my great-grandfather, I moved to Shimonoseki (now north of Weinan, Shaanxi). Bai Juyi's grandfather, Huang Bai, was a magistrate of Gongxian county and a good friend of Xinzheng county magistrate at that time. Seeing the beautiful mountains and rivers and simple folk customs in Xinzheng, Huang Bai loved it very much, so his family moved to Dongguozhai Village (now Dongguo Temple) in the west of Xinzheng. Bai Juyi was born in Dongguozhai on the 20th day of the first month in the seventh year of Dali, Tang Daizong (February 28th, 772). Wuzong Huichang died in Luoyang [Henan] in August (846) at the age of 75. He is the author of seventy-one volumes of Bai Changqing Collection.
In his later years, the official was the Prince with less Fu, and posthumous title was Bai Fu and Bai Wengong. He actively advocated the new Yuefu movement in literature, arguing that articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things. He wrote many poems lamenting the times and reflecting the sufferings of the people, which had a great influence on later generations. He is a very important poet in the history of China literature. Yuanhe was a bachelor of Hanlin and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. Because of offending powerful people, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, a good Buddha in his later years, and called himself a happy layman. He wrote many poems in his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous, and the language is easy to understand, so he is called "the eloquent old woman". Narrative poems such as Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are all famous.
In his early years, he was enthusiastic about helping the world, emphasizing the political function of poetry and doing his best to make it popular. He wrote 60 poems, New Yuefu, Qin Zhongyin, which truly made people sick by singing only, and every sentence must be tuned, just like Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". The long narrative poems "Song of Eternal Sorrow" and "Pipa Journey" represent his highest artistic achievements. Middle-aged people encounter setbacks in officialdom. "Since then, the career has been long-term, and the world has never been opened." But he still wrote many good poems and did many good things for the people. Hangzhou West Lake and Bai Causeway commemorate him. In his later years, he sent his feelings to the mountains and rivers, and also wrote some small characters. There is a poem for Liu Yuxi: "Don't listen to the old songs, but listen to the new word Yang Liuzhi. It can be seen that he has read some new words. One of the poems, Flowers Are Not Flowers, has a hazy beauty, which was greatly appreciated by later poets such as Ouyang Xiu, Zhang Xian and Yang Shen.
[translation]:
Naive and lively rural children, they are holding a boat and secretly collecting Bai Lianhua from others. When they came back, they didn't know how to cover their tracks. The boat threw the duckweed out of the water, leaving a clear waterway behind the boat. Exposed his whereabouts ~ ~
[Brief analysis]
The author vividly depicts the innocence of a child who steals lotus flowers with a simple picture. The most vivid sentence in the poem is "I don't know the traces of hiding", which describes the true model of the child's naughty and innocence.
The Wind and the Kite (I) Xu Wei
Wicker, filler and cotton,
Rub enough to fly a kite.
How much power the spring breeze has dissipated,
Take your children to the sky.
Brief introduction of the author
Xu Wei (A.D.1521-1593) was born in Qingtengshan. Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) was born. Famous artists in Ming Dynasty. I took the township exam in my early years and tried it every time; In middle age, he was a guest of Hu Zongxian, the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian, and made suggestions for the military anti-Japanese war. However, because Xu Wei hated evil and despised powerful people, he was down and out all his life and even went crazy for a time. In his later years, he could only make a living by selling calligraphy and painting. He has high goals in calligraphy, painting, poetry and drama. His paintings are unique, especially good at flowers and birds. According to historical records, freehand brushwork and ink splashing, which is popular in modern flower-and-bird painting, began to develop from him. His poems and essays are not rigid, and there are many places that go beyond the previous views and break the routine in his works of opera and zaju.
2. Background information
According to legend, the earliest kite in China was made by Mo Zhai, a philosopher during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago. He came up with the idea of making kites in Lushan (now Wei County, Shandong Province) because he saw eagles hovering in the air, but the process of making kites was not smooth. After three years of research and trial production, he finally made a wooden bird out of wood, but it broke after only one day's flight. Later, Mo Zhai passed on his kite-making career to his students' open class (also called Luban). He made kites out of bamboo according to Mo Zhai's ideal and design. Lu Ban split the bamboo, cut it into smooth slices, roasted it with fire, made it look like a magpie, and flew in the air for three days. Kites were later used in the military to detect the enemy's position. After the Tang Dynasty, its use began to change into entertainment. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people gradually formed a custom. On this day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, people fly kites high and far, then cut the string of kites and let them fly away with the wind, which means letting the "depressed gas" accumulated in the past year be completely discharged and praying for the elimination of diseases within one year.
Xu Wei was down and out in his later years, mainly selling paintings for a living. "Wind kite" is one of his painting themes in his later years. He painted a large number of "wind kites" with poems. There are more than 30 such poems, and here is a representative one. Through the description of children flying kites, he poured his future hopes and sustenance on children and expressed his feelings.
Three notes
1. Wind kite: or "paper kite". Kite: ○ Guangdong [yuan], [jyn1]; ○ Han [yu ā n]; Eagle. The kite is often painted with an eagle, hence the name. Strictly speaking, there are still differences between kites and paper kites. The so-called "kite" means that it can make a sound similar to a kite line in the air; As for the "kite", it is a dumb bird that only flies but doesn't sing. Kite is to tie a bowstring on the back of the kite, or press bagpipes on the head of the kite. When the paper is lifted, the strong wind passes through the flute or causes the bowstring to vibrate, which will make a purring sound. Ordinary kites don't make sound. However, people no longer distinguish between the two.
2. Rub: ○ Guangdong [measures]; ○ Korea [Cu Fei]. Rub your palm repeatedly, or put your palm on something else and rub it back and forth.
3. Catkin: Catkin. Willow seeds, with white fluff, are called "catkins", also known as "catkins cotton".
4. Search: ancient unit of length, with eight feet as a search, Chihiro is extremely long.
5. Elimination: consumption, consumption.
6. Introduction: Introduction.
Four main points of appreciation
The poet organically combines poetry and painting with rich imagination, and poetry and painting complement each other, which is very interesting. This poem is about the preparation before flying a kite and the feeling of flying a kite, but it doesn't directly describe the activity of flying a kite, so it should be explained by pictures. The poet told readers that a group of children rubbed and rubbed hard, and when the kite-flying string was rubbed long enough, everyone came to the suburbs with great interest. Then readers can see from the picture that this is a good day to fly kites. The wind is blowing, the sun is shining, the children are running around and sending kites into the sky. From this painting, the poet has a feeling: in the spring breeze, how much effort is needed to send kites to the sky and soar at will; And how much effort does the elders need to spend to train their children one by one and send them to Qingyun Road?
The first half of the poem focuses on the children's preparatory activities before flying kites. The poet did not describe all the preparatory activities comprehensively, but only started with one detail and wrote how they tried to weave kite leads. The word "rub" three times in a row reveals the serious and eager form of children. The impatient children are not tired of this monotonous and laborious work, which shows how much they are looking forward to flying kites. Immediately after the word "enough", it is written that as soon as the lead they rub reaches a sufficient length, they immediately stop working, and their uncontrollable joy and desire leap from the paper, as if to jump up and fly the kite in the sky. The poet's desire for children is accurately grasped and described in detail. The last two paragraphs show the poet's thoughts flying, and the carefree child on the screen seems to be the figure of his childhood. Holding a kite, he is immersed in happiness with a beautiful vision for his future life. I don't know when, the harsh reality shattered his dreams one after another. Now he is old and has gone through many vicissitudes, but he still has hope for the future. He sincerely hopes that the children can fly to Qingyun with the help of the spring breeze. For kites, "spring breeze" refers to the breeze that takes them to the sky; For children, it refers to the cultivation of parents and teachers, which can "bring" children to the top of the world. The whole poem is full of reality and reality, which not only has a strong atmosphere of real life, but also has the magnificent color of imaginary world.
A good poem on painting helps to understand the connotation of painting; Readers can give full play to their imagination by reading poems and paintings. This poem is a typical example of successful poetry and painting.
find
Qing Yuan Mei
The shepherd boy (1) rides a yellow cow.
Song Zhen ② Lin Yue ③.
Want to catch cicadas,
Shut up suddenly.
To annotate ...
1. Shepherd boy: refers to a child herding cattle.
⑵ Vibration: oscillation. Explain that the shepherd boy's song is loud and clear.
⑶ Lin Yue: refers to the shade beside the road.
(4) desire: want.
5] catch: catch.
[6] Ming: Call.
translate
The shepherd boy rode on the back of the cow, and the loud song echoed in the forest. Suddenly I wanted to catch the cicada singing in the tree, so I immediately stopped singing and stood quietly under the tree.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Yuan Mu (17 19 ~ 1798), born in Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou), was a poet in Qing Dynasty. He is the author of Xiao Cang Shan Ju Ji and Poems with the Garden. What I See is a picture of life that the poet happened to see.
Recitation teaching
Cowboy/Riding/Cattle, Singing/Tik Tok/Lin Yue.
Want to/catch/sing cicadas, suddenly/shut up/stand up.
Make an appreciative comment
In the vagina of the wild forest, a little shepherd boy slowly rides on the back of a cow. I don't know what to be happy about. He sang all the way, crisp and loud, and the whole tree was shocked by him.
Suddenly, the song stopped, and the little shepherd boy's back straightened, his mouth closed and his eyes were fixed on the high treetops. "cicada, cicada, cicada ..." In the tree, a cicada is also singing smugly. It is it that attracts the little shepherd boy. He really wants to catch cicada!
This scene was seen by the poet and written into the poem. The poet first wrote about the dynamics of the little shepherd boy, and Gao sitting bull's style of singing loudly on his back was so loose and presumptuous; After writing the little shepherd boy's static state, how intently he held his breath and looked at the cicada! This change from dynamic to static is both sudden and natural, vividly depicting the innocent and busy image of the little shepherd boy. As for the next step, how the little shepherd boy catches cicadas or not, the poet hasn't written it yet, leaving it to readers to imagine.