Representatives of graceful and restrained school: Li Yu, Queen of Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Qingzhao, Liu Yong, Qin Guan and other poets in Song Dynasty.
Representatives of the uninhibited school: Xin Qiji, Su Shi, Yue Fei, Chen Liang, etc.
At the end of the Song Dynasty, Fang Hui said, "Song shovel the old habits of the Five Dynasties, and the poems are in white style, Kun style and late Tang style." Wang Yucheng was also regarded as a vernacular poet by Song people, but in fact his poetic style was different from that in China. Wang Yucheng loved white poems since childhood, and wrote many leisurely chorus poems in his early years. However, his study of white poems is not limited to leisurely poems, but pays more attention to Bai Juyi's satirical poems. Especially during his life in Shangzhou, he consciously studied the creative spirit of Bai Juyi's new Yuefu poems and created many poems that reflected social reality and were full of feelings of worrying about the country and the people. On the whole, Wang Yucheng's poems are concise, fluent, simple and elegant, unique among the white poems in the early Song Dynasty, and have initially shown the pursuit of plain beauty. His long poems are simple in narration and free in discussion, which opened the atmosphere of prose in Song poetry.
Kou Zhun is the representative of the "Late Tang Style" poets in the early Song Dynasty. He studied "Late Tang Style" artistically, was good at five laws and painstakingly wrote sentences. His poetic style is narrow, but he also made a breakthrough in "Late Tang Style". The Complete Works of Song Poetry compiled by Peking University Institute of Ancient Literature contains more than 260 classical, rhythmic and unique poems by Kou Zhun. Kou Zhun's poems were deeply influenced by poets in the prosperous and middle Tang Dynasty, and he was a member of the "Late Tang Style" poets in the early Song Dynasty with a special identity and unique style. Although his achievements in poetry creation can't be compared with other poets in Song Dynasty, he should occupy a place in the history of poetry.
Money is life. Son of King Qian Chu of wuyue. After returning to Song Dynasty, he became a bachelor of Hanlin. He is good at poetry and is the main poet of Quincy School. The style is fresh and fragrant, elegant and exquisite. His poems had a certain influence at that time.
Fan Zhongyan has made great achievements in poetry, prose and ci, with concise language and heroic style. Poetry creation inherited Bai Juyi's realistic tradition, and set a precedent for later poetry innovation movement including Fan Wenzheng Gong Ji.
Zhang Xian was a famous poet in the early Northern Song Dynasty, and his works mostly described the life of feasting and reveling, expressing feelings such as leaving sorrow, missing people, hurting spring and mourning autumn. However, unlike the elegant, graceful and gloomy style pursued by many poets at that time, Zhang Xian's works showed a calm, aesthetic, subtle and distant style. His writing is not bleak and gloomy, and he often shows people with elegant pictures or dynamic scenes.
Yan Shu's poems are elegant and sentimental. There are 240 volumes of his poems, most of which praise wealth and leisure IELTS. He lived a rich and carefree life, and most of his works were sung on the stage, before the flowers and under the moon. However, his writing style was leisurely and graceful, his sense was profound, his temperament was harmonious, and his dictionary was elegant, which made him a recluse poet at that time and enjoyed a lofty position in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Li Qingzhao's ci poems are unique to women, which makes her a representative of graceful and restrained school. As a great poet at the turn of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties, although the content of his ci did not get rid of the traditional category of love, he did not hate it, but after crossing the South, his ci showed more deep sadness for the country, the people and his personal experience. The serious and profound description of women's inner world in her poems washed away the charm and illusion of her early poems in euphemism and delicacy, and brought lofty interest, distant feelings and ethereal artistic conception to the ci world, which finally made her an outstanding female writer in the Song Dynasty.
Xin Qiji is an uninhibited poet. His works are far-reaching in artistic conception, magnificent in momentum and bold and tragic in style. Most of his patriotic words express his ambition to serve the country, expose the shameful acts of the capitulators and express his grief and indignation. They are far-reaching in artistic conception, magnificent in momentum and heroic in style. His poems describing rural scenery praised the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and also used the pride of mountains and rivers and lingering poetry and wine to relieve his mental depression. Picturesque scenery, light style, delicate and indifferent style. Xin Qiji inherited Su Shi's bold and unconstrained ci style and the tradition of patriotic poets in the early Southern Song Dynasty, and further expanded the scope of expression of ci, with wider realm and more diverse techniques. He combines poetry, prose, ci fu and hundreds of idioms in history, and his language is rich and colorful. He is a master of bold and unconstrained ci, which promotes the change of ci style and is of great significance in the history of ci. There are also a large number of beautiful and graceful works in his ci, which reflect the author's spiritual life and artistic attainments in many ways.
Liu Yong, known as "Su Hao hates willows", is fresh, graceful, delicate and primitive, no less than the 28th girl in Jiangnan.
In the literary history of Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu once became a literary leader by creating and advocating poetry innovation. His prose created a generation of writing style and contributed to the prosperity of prose creation in Song Dynasty. Ouyang Xiu's prose language is concise and fluent, and the style is euphemistic, which embodies the plain style.
Lu Ci has various styles, but it is mainly bold. His boldness is different from Su Shi's elegance and Xin Qiji's depression, but similar to his "sad" style. His graceful and restrained, different from Qin Guan, is beautiful but not thin, soft but not weak. Lu Ci's soft outside and rigid inside make his ci have strong feelings and express his thoughts directly, which is also the greatest style of Lu Ci.
The breakthrough of Su Shi's ci style. Su Shi's ci style can be divided into three categories: 1) bold style. This is the ideal style that Su Shi deliberately pursues. He put passion and even sad feelings into his poems, and the characters he wrote were generous and heroic, with magnificent scenes. His masterpiece is Jiangchengzi (the old man talks about juvenile madness). Water tune the song (when the bright moon is there) and so on. (2) Broad-minded style, which can best represent Su Shi's thought and personality characteristics. (3) personable. The number of Su Shi's graceful words accounts for the absolute proportion of the total number of his words. These words are pure and profound, healthy and lofty in style, and they are also the inheritance and development of traditional graceful words.
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Li Qingzhao (1084~ about 1 155), an outstanding female writer in Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Jinan, Shandong Province, and was a graceful poet. Yuanfeng was born in Zhangqiu, Shandong Province in the seventh year of the Northern Song Dynasty and died in Lin 'an at the age of 7 1 year. In history, it is also called "Jinan Er 'an" with Xin Qiji, a native of Licheng, Jinan. His father, Li, was born in Licheng, Northern Song Dynasty, a famous scholar and essayist in Qilu. Mother Wang knows books and writes well. Zhao Mingcheng, son of official assistant minister Tingzhi Zhao, is a textual research scholar. Li Qingzhao lived comfortably in her early years and was proficient in writing and music. After their marriage, he and Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves to the collation of epigraphy of calligraphy and painting, and compiled The Book of the Stone. After the fall of the Central Plains, she went south with her husband and lived a wandering and miserable life. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. Young people have long been famous for learning from their families. Li Qingzhao is famous for her ci, ci and theory, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. There are Li Qingzhao in literature and Qin Liangyu in martial arts. "I lived a stable and prosperous life in my early years, and I wrote more words about acacia; After the invasion, great changes have taken place in Jin Bing's country, and his ci is full of feelings about his life experience. Her sense of poetry and prose is different from that of words. She is also good at painting and calligraphy, and she is fluent in music. The existing poems and songs are all compiled by later generations, including Shuyu Ci. "Words, to be unique. "China is the only woman whose name is used as a crater in outer space. Li Qingzhao's ci style is graceful and graceful, and her artistic features are as follows:
1. Good at lyric creation. She is good at casting strong feelings in artistic images and creating an artistic realm of blending scenes. She is also good at showing touching artistic conception by describing a relationship and a turning point of thought.
2. The language is simple and novel. The language of Li Ci is simple and natural, novel and vivid. She doesn't use many words, but she is good at using spoken and common sayings to make her words clear and homely. Li Ci is harmonious, flowing like pearls and full of musical beauty.
Li Qingzhao in her girlhood, a girl who fell in love with spring;
After marriage, Li Qingzhao and her husband are very much in love;
Widowed Li Qingzhao spent the rest of her life in loneliness, loneliness and sadness.
After the death of her spouse, most of Li Qingzhao's poems were sad and sad.