Appreciation methods of ancient poetry in colleges and universities
First, the reference structure: the first paragraph, the beginning; The second paragraph, content analysis (core image famous sentences)-the main idea; The third paragraph, artistic technique? Effect analysis; The fourth paragraph, the end (summary, lyrical);
Second, the way to start; 1 Starting from the world: social background, characteristics of the times, aesthetic fashion, etc.
Starting with the author: outlook on life, values, art, personality characteristics, etc.
Starting with the works: artistic conception, language features, structure of the works and scenes.
Third, content analysis; Mainly from the language level, image level and implication level.
Poetry appreciation writing
I. Reference structure:
The first paragraph, start.
The second paragraph, content analysis (core image famous sentences)-the main idea
The third paragraph, artistic technique? effect analysis
The fourth paragraph, the end (summary, lyrical)
Second, the startup mode
1 Starting from the world: social background, characteristics of the times, aesthetic fashion, etc.
2 Starting with the author: outlook on life, values, artistic outlook, personality characteristics, etc.
Starting with the works: artistic conception, language features, work structure, scene handling, rhetorical devices, etc. 4 Start with readers: reading feelings, subjective evaluation, etc.
Third, content analysis.
Mainly from the language level, image level and moral level, the theme is analyzed and deduced layer by layer. Grasp the core images (specific people, events, scenes, etc.). ), pay attention to famous sentences, and combine some rhetorical devices, such as metaphor (Yu Meiren), exaggeration (difficulty in getting out of the way), symbol, allusions (hidden by water dragons), contrast, writing sad "Jing Tian Sand", personification, noun structure sentences, counting with music scenes, etc. Combined with genre characteristics: 1 metrical poem: the chin and neckline are patchy; 2 quatrains: lyrical moments after the pre-narrative (five quatrains express endless feelings in concise and lively language. Both natural and implicit, true, concise and rich in meaning; Seven unique landscape farewell poems, with instant feelings and endless aftertaste, are integrated with the nature of heaven and earth, showing the beauty of nature, universal human feelings and humanity, simple and true, full of life interest); 3. Song lyrics: layers of narration (fu), using spoken language; Modern poetry: objective counterpart, double-layer structure, philosophical expression, combination of abstract image and concrete image.
Fourth, illustrate the main points with examples.
1 Polysemy (rationality, sublimity, transcendence, as a symbol of admiration)
2 Hermit feelings, harmony between man and nature
3 send love to mountains and rivers to dispel sorrow
Patriotism and ambition are hard to pay.
Generous country's turbulent life experience
6 insight into the thinking of historical philosophers
Verb (abbreviation of verb) is an example of artistic skill.
1 (narrative? Scenery-Lyric-Debate (drinking, goat, Qianchibi Fu, patio sand) 2 Contrast and contrast (Guan Shanyue, Yu Meiren, Linjiangxian, homesickness).
Back and forth (Jia Jian, farewell to Cambridge, homesickness)
4. Emotion in the scene (artistic conception)
5 verve (eternal life, endless aftertaste; Vivid image, symbolic sustenance)
6. Magnificent momentum, detailed description combining Denggao and Guan Shanyue.
7 the combination of reality and reality.
Eight-character combination of sound and emotion (autumn night and climbing in the mountains)
9 Dynamic and static contrast ("Mountain Residence Autumn Night")
Sixth, the perspective of poetry appreciation level.
Language layer
Authors and readers of the image layer of world works
Implication layer
Appreciation of College Chinese Ancient Poems (1)
? Tao Yuanming
Return to the garden (1)
This poem is full of joy of escaping from the cage and gaining freedom. Where did he finally come from? Dust net? Getting rid of it is like a bird returning to the forest and a fish returning to the deep pool, and taking a long sigh of relief happily. In his eyes, the scenery near his hometown is very kind, just like the reunion of old friends who have been away for many years. I can't help but blurt out their names to vent my uncontrollable passion. Fang Zhai, Cao Wu, Liu Yu and Tao Li all seem to welcome him with open arms. With life, the crowing of dogs is full of poetry. This is in stark contrast to the frustrating trap of officialdom and the bumpy career path.
Return to the Garden (2)
As you can see, after living in the fields for a long time and taking part in productive labor, Tao Yuanming developed a set of * * * languages with farmers, which is very valuable for a scholar-bureaucrat and intellectual.
Agricultural songs occupy a large space in Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems. As a participant in agricultural labor, Tao Yuanming wrote a lot of rural life in his poems with a sense of self-satisfaction, which is a pioneering work in the history of China's poetry. In addition to poems reflecting farming, he also wrote many beautiful rural natural scenery and joyful life scenes. As mentioned earlier? Warm and distant village, the smoke in the yiyi market? ; ? Dogs bark in deep alleys, and mulberry trees crow at the top of chickens? ; ? Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan? , showing perfect life interest and folk characteristics.
In a word, Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems not only reflect his personal pastoral life experience, but also reflect the rural life at that time, which is both poetry and history. On the surface, Returning to the Garden (3) is a poem describing the joy of pastoral work, which shows the idea of seclusion in the mountains. But compare this poem with other poems, the author's? Would you like to? In fact, it has its special connotation.
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
These two sentences are about planting beans in Nanshan, with lush grass but sparse bean seedlings. The first sentence is very plain, just like an old farmer standing there talking, which makes people feel very cordial.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
In order not to make the bean field barren, the poet went to the fields early in the morning and came back in the moonlight at night. Although it was hard, he didn't complain. Where did this come from? Take the Moon Lotus hoe home? You can see beautiful scenery.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
The road is narrow and the grass is long, but the clothes are wet. What's the pity? This sentence seems dull, but this dullness just reflects the ending sentence? But do what you want? , manufacturing? Would you like to do that? This is fully emphasized. Here? Would you like to? It also contains the meaning of not losing yourself in the dirty real world. The language of this poem is very plain and natural. ? Growing beans in Shannan? Xi Lu soiled my clothes? Simple and casual, without any modification. This natural and simple poem is integrated into the artistic conception of the whole poem, which turns spoken language into poetry, harmoniously unifies simple spoken language and poetic mellow beauty, and forms the artistic characteristics of Shi Tao's simple and mellow beauty.
Appreciation of College Chinese Ancient Poems (Ⅱ)
Drinking (5)? Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan? It shows the author's attitude and ambition of transcending the secular, indifferent to fame and fortune and enjoying himself. The poet lives in a crowded place, but he doesn't feel noisy. Why? Is it far? I have no worries in my heart, but what I feel is the beauty of nature. If you have wine in life, you will get drunk. Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and watching birds at Nanshan are carefree and uncontested. ? Forgot the words? The word greed? True meaning? The performance of.
1、? Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. ? What kind of poet image is portrayed? Chrysanthemum picking? What is the meaning of this action?
Described the poet's own leisurely poet image. One? Chrysanthemum picking? The movement contains the poet's interest in being extraordinary and loving nature.
2. release? See Nanshan leisurely? what's up Goodbye? Change the word here? Do you see it? Hope? Is the expression the same? Why does the author write like this?
? Goodbye? Inadvertently saw the poet and Nanshan as kind as old friends, blending people and things. And then what? Do you see it? Or? Hope? It seems to be deliberately looking into the distance, pulling people and things apart. The effect is different.
3. Talk about the meaning of the last two sentences of scenery description. What is the connection between this description and the character description in the first two sentences?
On the surface, it says that when the sun goes down, the tired bird knows to go home. In essence, it is to persuade people not to rush about in the dirty officialdom, but to return to the embrace of this beautiful and quiet nature. The artistic features of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems can be summarized as the following four aspects.
1. Fresh brushwork. This is in sharp contrast to the metaphysical poems popular in the poetry circles at that time, which are vague, obscure and tasteless. Tao Yuanming's description of pastoral landscapes never pursues gorgeous language and superficial modeling, but follows the nature, is fresh and natural, and has endless charm. For example:? Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back? ("Drinking" Volume 5). This beautiful evening scene is presented to us with the poet's understanding against the backdrop of Nanshan Mountain. In this poem? Goodbye? Chinese characters embody the charm of the whole poem. ? Goodbye? The beauty of ci lies in that Nanshan is naturally reflected in the eyes, touched by the poet's accidental sight when picking chrysanthemums, and can only be obtained with a leisurely mood. What if you use it instead? Hope? Words are deliberately pursued, dull and tasteless, and? Leisure? Does not correspond. This poem typically embodies Tao Yuanming's fresh and natural brushwork. This brushwork is too numerous to mention in Tao's poems. Like what? Dogs bark in deep alleys, and mulberry trees crow at the top of chickens? (One of "Returning to the Garden"), take it off at will and it becomes a good sentence, which is thought-provoking.