"Day crystal sand? Qiu Si's poem? A few words, won the wonderful mirror of the Tang Dynasty quatrains? Ma Zhiyuan actually used nine nouns to travel in the sunset? Heartbroken man? Draw a sad and depressing background.
According to the specific expression techniques used by the author of this poem and the emotional characteristics of the poem itself, in teaching, we should focus on reading and understanding the feelings contained in the poem and understanding the meaning of the poem, and take the illustrations of the critical text as the teaching difficulty, so as to further explore Xiao Ling's artistic beauty, give full play to students' imagination and vividly describe the picture. It is hoped that through the study of this lesson, students' imagination and appreciation ability will be cultivated, and critical quality and questioning spirit will be gradually formed.
This poem is plain, but can it? Plain words are strange, vulgar words are dangerous, old words are new, and plain words are color? (Shen Deqian's On Poetry)? Read more, read more and read less? , will naturally realize? Light and long? Poetry. Therefore, students should learn, develop and explore independently in a relaxed atmosphere. When teaching, it is advisable to adopt the teaching method of promoting layer by layer, that is? Combine objects and accurately grasp the artistic conception? ,? Grasping the image and excavating the profound meaning of poetry? ,? Grasp the image and paint a vivid picture? Finally, we can get the secret of appreciating poetry, broaden students' horizons and cultivate their reading and writing abilities.
[Teaching philosophy]
1, guide students to taste the language of landscape writing through multiple channels, and cultivate students' ability to read independently, explore difficulties and feel poetry.
2. Critically treat text illustrations.
3, read and write, read and write.
[Teaching Steps]
First, combine images to accurately grasp the artistic conception.
1, read aloud repeatedly, grasp the key words and feel the feelings. The text of this poem is simple and popular. In teaching, students can discover and combine objects through independent reading, and accurately grasp the artistic conception. The teaching of ancient poetry should pay attention to reading aloud and reflect the training level. Generally speaking, if you want to read it many times, you must read the pronunciation correctly once; Second reading quasi-rhythm; Third reading, reading feelings. After reading aloud independently, the teacher took the camera and designed a question: what kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem reflect, and which key poem can it reflect?
2. Look at the landscape painting, blend the scenery and realize the artistic conception. On the basis of reading the text independently and freely, the poems are played by multimedia, which are combined into four pictures (the old crow picks branches and brings vines, the small bridge cooks smoke and brings running water, the thin horse walks in the west wind, and the homesickness wandering in the sunset). At the same time, we guide students to read poems with emotion. Then, under the visual impact of the four pictures, with the melody of "Clouds in Hometown" sung by ChristianRandPhillips, let them demonstrate and recite for life, and the students immediately evaluate it. Instruct students to recite in class.
Second, grasp the image and tap the profound connotation of poetry
This link skillfully uses the illustrations of the text to cultivate students' courage to challenge authority and form the quality of critical view of things. Text illustrations are like close-ups, which can vividly reproduce the details of a close-up, outline things with simple strokes, and open the reader's imagination. Its function should be combined with the clever use of teachers in order to complement each other.
Mencius said:? It is better to believe in books than not to have them. ? Study "Tianjingsha? Qiu Si, the author found that this pair of illustrations in the textbook is not in harmony with the artistic conception of the work. Yuan Jinhua and others said in "Conditions for Transforming Knowledge into Ability". Must be good at creation in teaching? Angry? Artistic conception makes students eager to try. To make students really move, they are always in a positive state of spreading their wings or jumping up, so that they will have an increasingly strong thirst for knowledge in the process of constant knowledge. ? Therefore, in this link, a major question is designed: Please read the illustrations of the text carefully to see if it can best reflect the artistic conception of Qiu Si. I hope the students can give some comments and suggestions to the illustrator. This link is a teaching difficulty, which can be adopted? Cooperative learning? Methods: Students explore the shortcomings of illustrations in the form of discussion and experience them. Listen to other people's opinions, exchange their own opinions, collaborate to show the process of solving problems and share the joy of success? Effect.
Third, grasp the image and paint vivid pictures.
Ye Shengtao once said: Poetry teaching focuses on cultivating temperament and expanding imagination. ? How teachers pay attention to students' characteristics, use music, think about pictures and other means, strive to expand students' imagination and safeguard students' interest, and the teaching effect will have unexpected gains. So, this link is adopted? Landscape reconstruction poem? Teaching methods. So-called? Landscape reconstruction? That is, according to the poet's description, students use the accumulated experience to activate the ability to recreate imagination and express their understanding of poetry in another way. Let the students change this lyric poem into a beautiful and vivid prose, and communicate it in class when writing.
A beautiful masterpiece:
A desolate ancient road, a ten-mile pavilion with mottled paint marks, overgrown and withered weeds, and ancient trees that have stood still in the twilight. The west wind swept by, and occasionally a few yellow leaves flew up. After a while, everything was silent again. At this time, a middle-aged man came into our field of vision, gaunt and holding the reins in his hand. The horse is skinny, and there is only the footsteps of one person and one horse and the slight sound of stepping on dead leaves in such a vast wasteland. A lonely and unusual crow crows in the hearts of homeless people in a foreign land. As the sun sets, the shadows of people and horses are drawn long and cast on the ground, farther and farther away, and gradually disappear in the boundless twilight.
highlight
Main question: Please read the text illustrations carefully to see if they can best reflect the artistic conception of Qiu Si. I hope the students can give some comments and suggestions to the illustrator. )
Health 1: the poem says it is a thin horse, but the horse in the picture is still strong, and the muscles on the horse's legs can be seen clearly. It is better to paint a horse as a thin man than to be an old horse.
Health 2: I don't think people have to ride horses. If someone leads the horse, wouldn't it show the fatigue of the pommel horse? Because even the horses are too tired to walk, the loneliness of the people in the painting can be imagined.
Teacher: Very creative. The question of whether a person rides a horse or leads a horse reflects your deep thinking.
Health 3: The expression of the characters in the picture is in place, but the expression of the horse can be more melancholy.
Health 4: There is something wrong with the tree in the illustration. The trees in the distance in the picture give people a lush feeling, while the trees nearby are bare. This contrast is too strong to conform to the artistic conception in the poem. I think if there are a few crumbling leaves on the old tree, it can better reflect the sense of desolation.
Health 5: What about the dead vine? There are no dead vines in the illustration, so that the entanglement between dead vines and ancient trees can be drawn, and the image of plants is distinct.
Health 6: The sunset in the distance can be painted hazy, or it can be painted as if half of it has already set, rendering the atmosphere in the evening.
Health 7: In the illustration, the birds fly very lightly. Where are the faint crows? I think we can draw the birds heavier and more clumsy, and it is best to let most birds perch on dead branches, because? Qiu Si? The picture should be dignified.
Health 8: What about the wind? How to reflect the west wind? Not shown in the figure.
Health 9: You can draw some faint smoke on the hut, and the smoke will curl up, which will make the people with small bridges and flowing water feel more warm and express the dynamic feeling of the wind.
Health 10: The person in the painting can let his hair float slightly without wearing a hat, and the west wind will come out.
Teacher: Why use it? Ancient road, west wind and thin horse? No? The old road is cool and thin? And then what?
Health 10: The west wind is a little cold on people, which will definitely make people feel unhappy, and the author's mood at this time is extremely sad. This kind of scenery can set off the author's mood at this time. The cool breeze gives people a comfortable feeling, which obviously doesn't match the author's mood at this time.
Health 1 1: This is a homesick picture of a wanderer, but the author spent some pen and ink to write a warm bridge and flowing water. Isn't this a contradiction?
Health 12: no contradiction. This is called contrast, which is warm and desolate!
Health 13: Yes, a wanderer gets hurt when he touches the scenery. Other people's homes are happy, but he is reduced to the ends of the earth and wanders. This contrast is painful!
Health 14: Only in this way can heartbroken people express themselves.
Teacher: Any suggestions for illustrations?
Health 15: Apart from the details, I think the biggest problem of illustration is the overall conception. After reading this poem, I saw a bleak picture of the ancient road with autumn wind, but this picture gave me the feeling that it was too crowded and even too noisy.
Health 16: Maybe it's because the scenery is crowded together. Can we play it? Small bridge and flowing water? Arranged in a farther place, the ancient road feels deeper. If the scenery can really become the background to highlight the loneliness of the protagonist, the overall style of the picture will change.
Teacher: That's good. Through this revision, I feel that everyone has a deep understanding of this poem!
Teaching reflection
1, there is no fixed method for teaching and no fixed method for learning. Teaching poetry has many feelings. First, an accurate overall grasp is the inevitable result of repeated recitation. ? I can never get tired of reading old books. Do you know yourself by reading them carefully? It is also the right of students to read freely; Second, grasp the words, imagination and beautiful expression, so that students can experience emotions in the taste of language and consciously refine and beautify the expression; Thirdly, poetic imagery is the artistic conception that the ancients deliberately created and pursued when they created poetry. Grasping the image and describing the artistic conception has always been the key to the appreciation of ancient poetry.
2. Teaching should run through? People-oriented? Teaching thought. Teachers should trust students, face students sincerely, let students learn independently and cooperatively, let students boldly open their hearts to explore and question in class, enjoy the fun brought by the learning process and share the fruits of victory with each other. In addition, with the help of text scenes, teachers skillfully use teaching materials to create positive, interactive and vivid learning situations, provide practical opportunities for all kinds of students to listen, speak, read and write, and cultivate students' awareness of exploring problems in practice.
Compilation of teaching resources
1, Ma Zhiyuan (Note: It can be used for teaching when necessary? Import? Link)
Dongli people in Ma Zhiyuan (about 1250 ~ 1324) are mostly from (present-day Beijing). When I was young, I was keen on becoming famous, but I was not proud of my career. Later he lived in seclusion in Hangzhou. Engaged in zaju work, and Guan Hanqing, Bai Renfu, and Zheng Guangzu were also called the four masters of Yuanqu. Representative works include "Three Drunken Yueyang Tower in Lv Dongbin" and "Lonely Goose in Autumn Palace". Sanqu "Zhongyuan Rhyme"? The poem "Freeze" says that this song is? Qiu Si's father? .
2、? Sad autumn? Poetry anthology (students accumulate and recite)
(1) Nanpu Bie by Bai Juyi;
(2) Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain;
③ Li Yu's "Hui Huan";
④ A Prune by Li Qingzhao;
⑤ Li Qingzhao's slow voice.