First, the teaching objectives:
1. Learn about Borges and his works.
2. Feel the charm of the interweaving of fiction and imagination, fact and truth in Borges' novels.
3. Cultivate students' fictional ability in writing.
Second, the teaching focus and difficulties
1, understand the meaning of "the book of sand".
2. Grasp the unity of fiction and truth.
3. Break the shackles of realism in traditional literary works and understand the importance of fiction to novels.
Iii. Teaching time 1 class hour
Fourth, the teaching process
(1) Introduction
We are familiar with a person: he is a famous musician, but he lost his hearing at the peak of his music creation. This person is Beethoven; Today, we will meet another person who regards reading and writing as the two most important things in his life. He was appointed as the director of the National Library, but he was blind in his later years, but he continued to write orally. He once wrote a poem praising God: "He gave me books and blindness with such wonderful irony ..." This man is the Argentine writer Borges.
(2) Approaching Borges, the maker of the maze.
Borges (1899 ~ 1986), an Argentine poet, novelist and translator, is called "the first Latin American writer who influenced European and American literature" and "the originator of magic literature". Borges is a pioneer of fantasy literature and a "fantasy" writer. His works are often developed in the exotic background of the East, full of fantasy and strong mystery.
Borges was born in Buenos Aires to a lawyer family of British descent. Go to middle school in Geneva and go to university in Cambridge. Proficient in English, French, German and other languages. I started writing poetry in middle school. 19 19 went to Spain and became close friends with extremist and avant-garde writers, editing literary periodicals together. The first collection of poems was published in 1923, and the first collection of short stories was published in 1935, which established its position in Argentine literature. 1950 to 1953 chairman of the Argentine writers association. From 65438 to 0955, he served as director of the National Library and professor of philosophy and literature at the University of Buenos Aires. 1950 won the Argentine National Literature Award, 196 1 won the Formento Award in Spain, and 1979 won the Cervantes Award in Spain.
Borges is a great writer who only writes short articles. He has never written a novel in his life, so he can be said to be a writer who "creates a big atmosphere by short articles". Borges said of himself: "I am a writer, but I am a good reader". Reading is the overwhelming activity in Borges' life. Borges spent almost all his life with books. He was immersed in his father's huge library since he was a child, and later worked as a librarian and librarian. When 1955 was appointed as the director of the National Library, he was almost blind, but Borges continued to write orally with amazing achievements. There are two of Borges' most famous novels, and the other is The Garden at the Crossroads.
His married life is not satisfactory. He has been single for a long time, and his mother takes care of his life. He didn't marry the widowed Astete milian until he was 68, and divorced three years later. After his mother died, he finally decided that Maria Eryu, the Japanese female secretary who followed him for many years, was his lifelong companion. They got married in Geneva on 1986. In the same year, a generation of literary masters died in Geneva.
His important works include the Moon in front of me in Buenos Aires, San Martin's Handbook, Ode to the Shadow, Jin Hu, Deep Rose, Collection of Short Stories, Biography of Villains, Garden with Crossing Paths, Alef, Death and Compass, and Brodier's Report. And the works of Kafka and Faulkner.
(3) Overall perception: List the plot structure of the novel with short sentences.
Start: strangers come to sell books.
Development: "I" managed to get the "Book of Sand"
* * *: The Book of the Sand bores me to death.
End: "I" hid the book of sand in the library.
Text analysis
1. What kind of book is The Book of Sand? What are the characteristics of The Book of Sand? Please scan the text quickly and then answer.
The Book of the Sand is a very old book with "worn-out pages" and should have a little history. A mysterious book, from Mumbai, India, India is the birthplace of Buddhism, giving people a sense of mystery.
Features: 1) Unusual weight 2) I don't know the words in it 3) The arrangement of page numbers caught my attention 4) Although I turned over page after page, I couldn't find the anchor pattern anymore 5) There are always several pages between the cover and my hand. It seems to come out of a book. 6) There are countless pages in this book. There is no first page and no last page. 7) There is no repetition in the illustration. ...
2. How did the protagonist "I" change his attitude towards The Book of the Sand?
1) surprised; Fear; Stunned;
2) the happiness of having it; Afraid of being stolen;
3) Worry is not really infinite;
4) Became a prisoner of that book and hardly went to the streets;
5) realize that books are a terrible monster;
6) I think it is the root of all troubles, a dirty thing that slanders and destroys reality;
7) I want to set it on fire, but I'm afraid that infinite books will burn endlessly, making the whole earth smoke.
8) Put the book on the dark shelf when employees are not paying attention. ...
To sum up this change: curiosity-learning-awe-fear-escape.
At first, I was curious, then I tried to get it, then I delved into it, but I found that the more I knew, the more I didn't know, so I realized my smallness and helplessness, then I lost myself in awe, followed by fear, and finally I chose to escape and give up, so that the book of sand was submerged in the sea of books in the library.
In the face of curiosity, sometimes we will go forward bravely, such as those scientists who explore the universe; Sometimes, it will be discouraged, such as whether cloning technology is promoted to people. Why don't we finish it? Afraid that this society will fall into chaos. The process of changing my attitude towards the book of sand is actually the process of our psychological changes in the face of the unknown. It's just that sometimes we choose to persist, and sometimes we choose to escape like the "I" in the novel.
Why did I finally avoid this book?
Its infinity scares me. We are used to the concepts of "finiteness" and "order", but when we suddenly face such an infinite disorder, we will feel at a loss and even fear.
Many of us are afraid of darkness because it is unknowable. In the face of things that we can't grasp, we are always inexplicably nervous. Because of this, it shows the authenticity of this novel, because it depicts the true depth of people's hearts when they face endless things.
3. The symbolic meaning of Sha Shu and the author's writing intention.
(1) Borges believes that to some extent, reality is fantasy, and fantasy is reality. From this perspective, such a fictional "endless" book must be symbolic in reality. So what can it symbolize?
Infinite things: endless desire, infinite world, trivial and complicated life, powerful alien power, mysterious and unknown world, countless money, irresistible time, fickle fate, boundless knowledge, love that makes people physically and mentally exhausted, etc.
(194 1 year, Borges once wrote a short story called The Library of Babel. In that short story, the author imagines the universe as "an infinite number of libraries, perhaps an infinite number of hexahedral corridors", which is also an infinite thing. )
(2) Title:
The novel vividly shows the concept of "infinity" through fiction and the use of symbols, and truly highlights people's confusion in the face of infinity. When the characters and plots become insignificant, what remains is "infinity" and the reality that human beings are at a loss in front of "infinity", which profoundly reveals the theme.
(5) Topic discussion in this unit:
1, about novels
"Fictitious things must give people a real feeling and must conform to the logic of life development."
Things are fake, but people feel real-"artistic truth"
Cleverly disguised novel
One morning, gregor Samsha woke up from an uneasy sleep and found himself lying in bed, turned into a huge beetle. He lay on his back, his back as hard as real armor, clinging to the blanket. He blew his head a little, and saw that his dome-shaped brown belly was divided into many curved hard pieces, and the quilt could hardly stay at the tip of the belly and was about to slide down completely. Compared with his huge body, many of his legs are so thin that they dance helplessly before his eyes.
-Kafka's Metamorphosis
2. In this novel, in order to emphasize the authenticity of the book of sand and what he wrote, what did the author specifically explain?
1) direct explanation: but my story is not false at all;
2) The bookseller's appearance: very tall; A neat appearance; Gray clothes; Gray box; hair
3) Book body: octagonal size; Hardcover on cloth; Worn pages; Rough printing; Page number; Illustration;
4) The source of the book: the village on the plain; In exchange for a few rubles and a bible; Master can't read;
5) Transaction process: exchange of pension and cursive wycliffe Bible;
6) Reading and collecting books: check with a magnifying glass to eliminate the possibility of forgery and secretly put it on a dark bookshelf.
(vi) Conclusion
Nabokov, an American writer, said-a child ran out of the Neanderthal Canyon and shouted "Wolf is coming", but there was a big bad wolf behind him-this is not literature; Children shout "Wolf", and there is no wolf behind them-this is literature. The poor little guy was really eaten by a wolf because he lied too many times. The important points are as follows: there is a color filter and a prism between the wolf in the overgrown grass and the wolf in the exaggerated story. This is the means of literature and art.