Wanglushan Waterfall
Author: Li Bai
The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.
On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.
Translation:
The censer peak gives birth to a purple mist under the sunlight, and a waterfall hangs in front of the mountain like white satin from a distance.
There seem to be several waterfalls in thousands of feet on the high cliff, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from the sky to the ground.
Annotation translation:
1, incense burner: refers to incense burner peak. Purple smoke: refers to sunlight passing through clouds and looking like purple smoke clouds from a distance. Meng Haoran's "Li Peng Lake Looking at Lushan Mountain": "At the beginning of the incense burner, the waterfall sprayed Chen Hong." "Rizhao" two sentences: one sentence is "Lushan Mountain is connected with the stars, and Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke".
2. From a distance. Hang up: hang up. Maekawa: A work called Changchuan. Chuan: River, here refers to waterfall.
3, straight: straight. Three thousands of feet: Describe the mountain height. This is an exaggeration, not a real reference.
4. Doubt: Doubt. Galaxies: The ancients referred to banded clusters of galaxies. Nine days: one day is "half a day". The ancients thought that there were nine heavies in the sky, and nine days was the highest level and the highest place in the sky. This sentence is extreme, and the waterfall falls.
Creative background:
These two poems are generally believed to have been written by Li Bai when he visited Lushan Mountain for the first time on his way to Jinling around 725 AD (13th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty). Professor Wu Xiaoru believes that these two poems of Li Bai are different in genre and partly repetitive in content, which are not temporary works. According to Ren Hua's poem Miscellaneous Words for Li Bai, Mr. Zhan Ai thinks that the first five ancient poems were written by Li Bai before he entered Chang 'an (Kaiyuan period). It is also believed that the second four-line poem was written in 756 AD (Tianbao 15th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) at the turn of summer and autumn when Li Bai arrived in Lushan Mountain.
Appreciate:
This poem is a seven-character quatrain. The incense burner in this poem, that is, the incense burner peak mentioned at the beginning of the poem, "in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, its peak is round, and the clouds gather and disperse, like Boshan incense burner" (music history "Taiping Huan Ji"). But when it comes to the poet Li Bai's pen, it becomes another scene: an indomitable incense burner, clouds of white smoke rising slowly in Ran Ran, ethereal between the green mountains and the blue sky, and turned into a purple cloud under the irradiation of the red sun. This not only makes the incense burner peak more beautiful, but also romantic, creating an unusual background for the unusual waterfall. Then the poet turned his eyes to the waterfall on the mountain wall. "Before the waterfall hangs over the river", the first four words are the key points. "Hanging in front of the river" is the first image of "looking", and the waterfall is like a huge white practice hanging high between mountains and rivers. The word "hanging" is wonderful. It turns from dynamic to static, vividly showing the image of pouring waterfalls in the first poem of Yuanwang. "Brave!" It is this "nature" that can "hang" the giant, so the word "hanging" also contains the poet's praise for the magical power of nature. The third sentence also describes the dynamics of the waterfall. "Flying three thousands of feet", stroke by stroke, every word is forceful. The word "fly" vividly depicts the scene of the waterfall spewing out; "Straight down" not only describes the steep slope of the mountain, but also indicates the urgency of the water flow. The sky is falling and unstoppable. However, the poet was not satisfied enough, and wrote another sentence, "It is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days". He really wants to fall from the sky and surprise his soul. "Doubt is" is worth pondering. The poet clearly said it in a trance, and the readers know that it is not, but they all think that only in this way can it be more vivid and true. The secret lies in the image that has been bred in the poet's previous description. The towering incense burner peak is hidden in the clouds. Looking at the waterfall in the distance is like flying down from the clouds and falling in the sky, which naturally associates with a galaxy falling from the sky. It can be seen that although the metaphor of "doubt is the milky way for nine days" is strange, it does not appear out of thin air in the poem, but naturally emerges from the portrayal of the image. It is exaggerated and natural, novel and true, thus arousing the resonance of the whole article, making the whole image more colorful, magnificent and magnificent, which not only left a deep impression on people, but also gave people room for imagination, showing Li Bai's artistic style of "Wan Li fell, but the trend was still strong at the end".
Wei Qingzhi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said: "The fifth word of the seven-character poem should ring. ..... the so-called Ringo is committed to the place. " This view seems particularly convincing in this poem. For example, the word "health" not only makes the incense burner peak "alive", but also vaguely shows the scene of smoke rising in Shan Ye. The word "hang" has been mentioned before, and the word "fall" is also wonderful. It vividly depicts the majestic momentum of sudden high altitude and huge flow. It is hard to imagine what this poem would look like if these three words were changed.
Xu Ning, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, also wrote a poem "Lushan Waterfall". As the poem says: "Thunder rushes into the river and there is no peace. The ages are like white practice, and the world is broken. " Although the scene is not small, it still gives people a sense of embarrassment, probably because there are waterfalls everywhere, which are very strong and board. Although it is a small poem, it still has a strong flavor. Compared with Li Bai's from the inside out, it is real and ethereal, which is a world of difference. Su Shi said, "The Emperor sent the Milky Way to hang down. In ancient times, there were only immortal words. I don't want to wash my poems with Xu Ning. " Although the poem "Playing Xu Ning Waterfall" is somewhat extreme, its basic tendency is correct, which shows that Su Shi is not only a famous poet, but also an insightful connoisseur.
The first poem, Poems of Five Guis, is not limited in length, so the poet writes "sea breeze", "river moon" and "dome stone" at will, which is full of ups and downs and happy endings. Due to the short space of the second seven wonders, the poet raised the scenery to a higher level with exaggerated metaphors, reaching the extreme of writing waterfalls, which is extremely exaggerated, but fresh and natural, simple and vivid, and at the same time has a turbulent and open momentum, flying and flowing, jumping and swaying, and also has the momentum and characteristics of singing.
Both poems were written by Li Bai, describing the scenery of Lushan Waterfall. A constant habit of Li Bai and Yi Yi in my life is the beautiful scenery of Lushan Mountain, which shows the aura of the poet's name. He is imaginative, imaginative, magnificent, passionate, natural and fresh as a river and clear as a cloud. The aesthetic characteristics of his poems are the beauty of nature, frankness and freedom. These two poems have such aesthetic characteristics.
About the author:
Li Bai (70 1-762), the word Taibai, was a romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty and was praised as a "poetic immortal" by later generations. My ancestral home is Ji Cheng in Longxi (to be tested), and I was born in Broken Leaf City in the Western Regions. At the age of 4, he moved to Mianzhou City, Jiannan Province with his father. Li Bai has more than 1000 poems, among which Li Taibai Ji has been handed down from generation to generation. He died in 762 at the age of 6 1. Its tomb is in Dangtu, Anhui, and there are memorial halls in Jiangyou, Sichuan and Anlu, Hubei.