Changting Changting is a farewell place on land. In ancient times, there was a long pavilion every ten miles and a short pavilion every five miles for tourists to rest and see off. Later, "Changting" became synonymous with farewell places. Li Bai Bodhisattva Xia: "Where are you going home? The pavilion is shorter. " Li Shutong's Farewell: "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green." Obviously, in China's classical poetry, the pavilion has become a farewell place on land. The old pavilion is also a famous farewell pavilion in ancient times. Li Bai's Old Pavilion is a sad place on earth. Spring breeze knows that it is not bitter, and it does not turn green. "Xie Ting, also known as Xie Gongting, was built in the north of Xuancheng by Xie Tiao, a poet from Southern Qi Dynasty, as a great punctuality in Xuancheng. He once bid farewell to his good friend Fan Yun here, and later Xie Ting became a famous farewell place in Xuancheng. Li Bai has a poem "Xie Ting": "After Xie Ting left, the scenery was always sad. Outside the sky, the mountains are clear. " Li Bai also wrote a poem: "When you bid farewell to Northern Fujian, you should enjoy the wine every time." . Play with white horses and laugh at green hills. Back to the whip refers to Chang' an, west dusk Qin Guan. The emperor's hometown is three thousand miles away, among the blue clouds. "Xu Hun also has a poem" Xie Ting Farewell ". Repeated parting was staged in Xie Ting, which stained the beautiful scenery of Xie Ting with a layer of sadness. Obviously, in China's classical poetry, the pavilion has become a farewell place on land. Liu Yong's "Yulinling": "Cold cicadas are sad, the pavilion is late, and the shower begins to rest. "This pavilion is also a place to leave, with the poet's deep feelings of parting.
3. The ancients in Lanzhou often said that "the boat is tired" and "it is suitable for both land and water", which shows the important position of "the boat" in ancient transportation. A boat with a leaf, the sky is vast, and it is getting smaller and smaller than people; When people see a lot of foreign things in their journey, they are more likely to cause infinite thinking. The image of "ship" in the following two poems is more integrated with the poet's sense of wandering: "With the monkeys sobbing in the shadow mountain, the river rushes in the night. The wind on both sides of the strait rustled the branches and leaves, and the moonlight reflected on the river, a boat on a river. Jiande's scenery is good, but it's not my hometown. I still miss my old friends in Yangzhou. Two long tears flow eastward to find the nearest touch of the sea. " (Meng Haoran, "From a berth on Tonglu to a friend in Yangzhou", "Leaves are falling, and the southeast is foggy and frosty. Forests and mountains in the evening, the sky and the sea are blue. The color changes for a long time, so does the autumn sound. Lonely boat, or go home alone. " The theme of these two poems is very similar to that of image group: both poets are wandering in a foreign land and living on a passenger ship. At four o'clock in the evening, the night wind blows the leaves on the shore, making a sad sound. When they were far away from home and lonely, the two poets remembered their former friends and wrote poems to express their feelings. As the central image of poetry, the former is "I sail alone across the moon" and the latter is "I sail alone in a boat", both of which emphasize the combination of "moon" and "boat". I am afraid that the most direct poem to express the feeling of wandering is Li Shangyin's Magnolia: "The waves in Dongting Lake invade the clouds and sail away every day. Looking up from Mulan's boat several times, I didn't know that Yuan was a flower. " Liu Yong's "Lin Yuling", "Nostalgia, Rushing to Lanzhou" is a wandering, a distant place, a wandering world, and endless thoughts and sadness.
4. Dusk is a kind of dusk image. Du Mu's "Hearing Hu Family Trilogy" says: "It's dusk in Baisha, and I feel lonely from Wan Li." Twilight is the poet's parting feeling. In the author's view, parting is long-term and extremely painful. Qin Guan's "Man Ting Fang" says: "The mountain wipes Wei Yun, the sky fades, and the horn sounds like a door. Suspend the collection, and talk about * * * leading away from the statue. How many things happened in Penglai? Looking back in vain, there are many smokes. Outside the sunset, Western jackdaw in the west counts, and the water flows around the lonely village. Enchanting, at this moment, the sachet is hidden and the ribbon is light. If you win, the brothel will survive. When can I see you here? There are tears on the sleeves. The wound is broken in the high city, and the lights are dusk. " This poem was written in the winter of Yuan Feng's second year. Qin Guan had close contact with an affectionate singer and stayed in Huiji for a long time for several months. When leaving, Qin Guan recalled the Old Story of Penglai and expressed his feelings through the scenery: faint clouds, declining vegetation, faint smoke, lonely western Western jackdaw, dusk lights, lonely villages, flowing water ... All the hazy twilight images vaguely revealed the poet's confused eyes and embarrassment. Liu Yong's Rain Bell is a masterpiece about wandering in rivers and lakes, and his parting feelings have reached the artistic realm of scene blending: "I miss thousands of miles of smoke and waves, and the dusk is heavy." Cold and melancholy, the shower begins to rest, the smoke travels thousands of miles, and dusk is the materialized representation of the poet's lost mood after leaving. The protagonist's gloomy mood dyed the sky gray and wrote his true feelings, which is an eternal farewell speech.
5, wine, wine can be used to eliminate anxiety, friendship and pride. However, the fact is often that "it's more worrying to raise a glass" and "although I've drunk it all, I'm not happy and reluctant to part with it". As a result, people are lonely when they are drunk and strong when the wine is fragrant. In the works of parting writers, no matter when and where they leave, the parting party and the party who saw them off will mostly "talk about * * * as a reminder" (Fang Ting, the man of Qin Guan). Although there are often "all the doors are empty" (Liu Yong's Yulin Ling) and "all drink without joy" (Bai Juyi's Pipa Xing), he still "drinks his own cups, and I will say goodbye to him" (Li Bai's farewell to Jinling Restaurant), trying to "lean on the long glass of wine for the time being" (Liu Yuxi's Yangzhou's first meeting to enjoy Lotte) As for reciting other meaningful poems through wine, it is even more brilliant. Jia Zhi's "Send Li Shiyu to the Regular" says: "You must be drunk today, and you will remember it in the future." The reason why I get drunk is to paralyze my nerves so that it will not be frightened by the upcoming separation. Didn't Liu Yong feel the same way when he said, "Where shall I wake up after drinking tonight?"? Wang Anshi's "Send Sun Yugao" says: "A bottle of wine keeps you alone." For a traveler who comes back from a long distance, drinking a glass of wine poured by a friend before departure can also resist the cold of the journey a little and talk about the loneliness of the guests. . Ge Changgeng's "Water Tune Song Tou" says: "Looking back on an old friend a thousand miles away, I am worried about wine." The old friend has gone, even if we raise our glasses to allay our worries, it will be in vain. Didn't you hear "but since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with swords, it's even more worrying to raise a glass to dispel our worries"? Chao Li Duan's "Young Beauty" says: "A bottle of farewell wine is the quickest, like running water flowing east and west." Even the other person's wine can't be drunk calmly, just like breaking up in a hurry and being at a loss. Xin Qiji's "Man Jiang Hong" says: "Ask the world, who cares about leaving sorrow? What's in the cup? " In the author's eyes, wine seems to be the god of parting worries, and its relationship with parting worries is so direct and close! The Yuan Dynasty's anonymous "Gong Zheng Incorrect Kindness" said: "Three glasses of wine break the liver, and one song leaves love." Three cups in the stomach will be deeply grieved, because it is because "don't drink" and as the saying goes, "wine doesn't hurt people"-aren't these examples enough to show that wine is also one of the images on which the theme of separation depends?
6. In the history of China literature, Liu was an object of praise for a long time. "I used to go, and Liu Yang yi; I think about it today, it's raining. " The Book of Songs, Xiaoya Cai Wei, is regarded as the ancestor of chanting willow, and willow is related to leaving immediately. Since the Han Dynasty, people often express their farewell by giving each other broken willows. In the Han Dynasty, there was a tune called Broken Willow, which expressed farewell feelings in the form of playing. Yuefu has "Cross Blowing Song"? 6? 1 Fold willow songs ""If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will fold Yang Liuzhi. Playing the flute on the lounge chair, worrying about killing the traveler. " The custom of breaking willows and showing mercy began in the Han Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. Baling Bridge in the Tang Dynasty was the only place for people to leave Chang 'an when they went to all parts of the country, and it was surrounded by willows on both sides, which became a famous place for the ancients to bid farewell to willow. For example, the poem "Willow stays for years, Liling is sad to say goodbye" was used by later generations as the source of farewell allusions. Li Bai bid farewell to Baling: "Farewell to Baling Pavilion, flowing water gurgling. There are old trees that don't bloom in the world, and there are sad spring grasses under the trees. "Recalling Qin E": "Yan, the dream is broken". Qin Louyue, willow color every year, Fuling hurts people. "Since the story of Baqiao broken willow, willow and parting seem to have some inevitable connection. Wang Wei's "Send Yuan Er Shi An Xi": "Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow-colored. "Wang Zhihuan's" Farewell ","Willow Dongfeng Tree, Jade River. I've been climbing hard recently because I've walked too much. In "Lin Yuling", Liu Yong expresses his sadness of leaving by saying "Where to wake up after drinking tonight, Yang Liuan, where the wind is resting". "Divorce in ancient poetry is often associated with willow trees. Probably because of the homonym of "Liu" and "Liu", when the ancients bid farewell, they often gave each other a willow tree, which means "Liu". Secondly, willows grow easily and quickly. Sending friends away with it means that no matter where you drift, you can flourish, and the delicate willow symbolizes family ties. The swaying shape of the willow branches can better convey the feeling of "reluctant to part" when relatives and friends leave.
7. The moon written by the moon poet is often associated with emotions of emotions. "When my boat was sailing in the fog, the day was getting dark and old memories began. How vast the world is, how close the trees are to heaven, and how close the moon is to the water! "(Meng Haoran's Sleeping on the Jiande River) The twilight is boundless and the river is mighty. The poet stopped by the river alone. Looking around, Yuanye is empty, as if the sky is lower than the tree; Looking down, there is only one bright moon swaying in the clear water from time to time, as if accompanying the poet. This brings out the loneliness of the poet. "Frosty night, Jiang Feng fishing sorrow sleep. Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, passenger ships are ringing at midnight. " (Zhang Ji's "A Night's Mooring by the Maple Bridge") At the moon, crows crow, the sky is frosty, the maple trees on the river bank are hazy, and the lights of fishing boats are flashing. Faced with this situation, the poet can't sleep. Obviously, "the moon sets" is an important reason for the poet's sadness. There are many other ancient poems that use the moon to express homesickness and homesickness, such as "He knows that the dew will be frost tonight, and how bright the moonlight is at home!" (Du Fu's Moonlight Remembers My Brother); "She looked at the moonlight in Fuzhou, far away, and looked at it alone from the window of her room" (Du Fu's Moonlit Night); "The moon is now full at sea, and the horizon at this time is * * *" (Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the moon and thinking of a distant place"); "Acacia bright moon building in where? Poor upstairs, wandering around the moon ... I don't know each other at this time, and I look at you at the moon "(Zhang" Moonlight on the Spring River "); "The moon is bright tonight, and I don't know who has landed in Qiu Si" (Wang Jian's "Looking at the Moon at Fifteen Nights"); "People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. This matter is old and difficult. I hope people will last long. " (Su Shi's Water Tune); "The bright moon is high and lonely, and the wine turns into homesick tears" (Fan Zhongyan's Su Curtain Cover); "Jiangnan month, such as mirror, such as hook. It seems that the mirror does not invade the pink face, it seems that the hook does not hang the curtain, and it has been a long time since I left. " (Ouyang Xiu's "Looking at Jiangnan"); "Last year's Lantern Festival, the lights at the flower market were as bright as day. The moon rose to the willow tree, and he met me at dusk. On January night this year, the moon light is still there. " (Ouyang Xiu's Life Checker); "Hate you don't like Jiang Luyue, north and south things, north and south things, only with no separation. Hate you like Jiang Yue. If you are full, you will still lose money. When will you be together? " Judging from the shape and change of the moon phase, the full moon is like a disk, round; The waning moon is like a hook, incomplete. The moon is round and missing, missing and round, which naturally evokes people's imagination and association. Under the quiet mountain, bathed in the quiet and soft moonlight, it is easy for people to fall into meditation and daydream, resulting in a lingering distant feeling. People who leave home look up at the bright moon, and their thoughts often fly over space, thinking of their hometown, relatives and friends under the bright moon. Liu Yong's Yulin Order: "Tonight's wine, Yang Liuan, the breeze and the waning moon, where can I wake up?" The waning moon left the poet with too much sadness.