Yang Jiong is famous for his frontier poems. His works, such as Joining the Army, Leaving the Frontier, Battle of the South of the City, and Zi Mazi, show the fighting spirit of making contributions to the country with great momentum and bold style. Other poems that sing in harmony and set foot on the journey have little characteristics and have not completely escaped the colorful wind. There are 50 poems, including preface, table, monument, inscription, ambition and shape. Zhang Yue said, "Literary thoughts are inexhaustible, and they are superior to Lu without losing the king." . The Book of Old Tang Dynasty praised the poem as "elegant in blue pen", while the General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu thought it was "rich and elegant, not just this one" and said that "its poems are magnificent because they run through ancient books, not just involving glitz". The Preface to Wang Bo spoke highly of Wang Bo's creative practice of lascivious writing style at that time, and reflected the requirements of the "Four Masters" to consciously reform the writing style at that time. As for China's so-called "Wang, Yang, Lu and Luo", Yang Jiong claimed to be "ashamed of the former Lu and ashamed of the queen", which was also agreed by the negotiators at that time. There are 33 poems today, most of which are five laws. Hu Yinglin in Ming Dynasty said, "Yingchuan is close to the body. Although the gods lost their monarch, they purged Hunxiong. Investigating its genre is really the beginning "("Poetry? Internal "volume 4).
It is said that the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty has 30 volumes of collected works, and the Book of Reading in the County Zhai has 20 volumes of Yingchuan Collection, which has not been circulated today. Tong Pei's books in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty include Ying Ji Chuan (10) and Appendix 1. Zhang Xie chongzhen recompiled 13 volumes. For the deeds, see Biography of Old Tang Dynasty.
2. Yang Jiong Studies
Relatively speaking, the research on Yang Jiong is relatively weak among the Four Masters, but it has also made some progress.
The systematic study of Yang Jiong's life in this century began with Fu Xuancong's Lu Zhuan, Yang Jiong and Yang Jiongkao. The last article made a preliminary chronology of Yang Jiong's life and his poems. Let's discuss some important issues in Yang Jiong's life. First of all, it is verified that Yang Jiong was promoted to a prodigy in Qing Dynasty, not a prodigy and awarded to a school bookboy, but in last three years, and then he was promoted. Then, it verified the official position of Yang Jiong's uncles. Then I quoted some materials and made an evaluation of Pei Xingjian's evaluation of the four outstanding figures, which was really questionable. The article also holds that Yang Jiong and Cui Rong, who were recommended by Xue as the bachelor of Chongwen Pavilion and the dependents of the Prince's East Palace, should have copied the old Tang books from Xue Zhuan and Gao Zongji Zhuan in the first year of Yongchun, not the New Tang Book of Yang Jiong in the second year of Yonglong. Regarding Yang Jiong's later career, this book thinks that there are contradictions and omissions in the old and new Tang Shu, and makes a pretentious analysis: First, from April to December of the first year of Zizhou's hanging arch; Secondly, Yang Jiong has been working in the gallery of Wu Zetian Palace in Luoyang since the autumn of the first year of God-given. Third, Yang Jiong was in Luoyang from the autumn of the first year of God-given to the autumn of Ruyi, and after that, it was profitable.
1982 Zhang Zhilie published a query on the chronology of the inscription of Confucius Temple in Yang Jiong, and put forward new opinions on the chronology of the inscription of Xiansheng Temple in Xindu County, Dadufu, Yizhou, Datang (referred to as Xindu Monument) and the inscription of Xiansheng Confucius Temple in Changjiang County, Suizhou (referred to as Changjiang Monument) written by Yang Jiong, which deserves attention. Previously, some researchers believed that these two inscriptions were written by Yang Jiong when Ren Zizhou joined the army (such as Qian and He Chengpu's Four Masters and Tianfu in the Early Tang Dynasty), and some were specially tied to Wu Zetian's hanging arch for three years (687) (such as Fu Xuancong's Brief Introduction to Lu Yangjiong). According to the contents of the two monuments and related historical background, Zhang Zhilie thinks that both monuments were made by Tang Gaozong and Li Zhi when they were alive. The author further argues that because Xindu Monument called Gaozong "the emperor", it was undoubtedly written after August of the first year of Shangyuan (674). Tongbei also called Lai Heng "Doctor, President History". Since the third year of Shangyuan (676), Lai Heng has been transferred to Huangmen Assistant and Tongzhong Shumen. Therefore, Xindu Monument was written between the first year of Shangyuan and the third year of Shangyuan. If it is juxtaposed with the second year of Shangyuan (675), there will be no big mistake. "The Yangtze River Monument" should also be written at the same time or later with the Xindu Monument. Two years ago, Yang Jiong was twenty-six. In 660 AD, Yang Jiong was about to build a pavilion at the age of eleven in the fifth year of Qingyuan. It was not until the third year of Shangyuan that he won the first prize and the supplementary book Lang. These two monuments were written shortly before the English drama.
Zhu Shangshu's Discrimination of Yang Yingchuan's Yingchuan and Examination of Yang Jiongchu's Year in Shu are also papers of intensive research and textual research.
In addition, the Chronicle of Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty attached to Luo Xiangfa's Study of Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty and Zhang Zhilie's Chronicle of Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty are the dating of Yang Jiong's life.
Yang Jiong Poetry Research It seems that people have discussed more about Yang Jiong's poetry achievements than his life. Among all kinds of literature history, poetry history and Tang poetry research works published in 1930s and 1940s, most of Yang Jiong's poems are short in length, but some are considerable. For example, Zheng Zhenduo's Illustrated History of China Literature says, "His poems are like' The capital is as flat as water, the official road is as straight as a string' ('galloping horses'),' Sanqiu is less than a thousand years a day' ('thinking'),' The trees are hidden in the pavilion, and the ditches are flooded with sand. "Left, He Qu, Dong Guan, Wang Xiang, each received a merit" ("Farewell to King Fengcheng") and so on. , is also a pioneer of formal poetry. According to Zheng Bin's Evolution History of China Literature, "Although Yang Jiong's poems are in tune with Wang Bo's, they are better than him ... His poems, such as Joining the Army and Going out, are not under Wang Bo." Hu's research on Tang poetry thinks: "Jiong is a talented person, and his poems are powerful." "As far as poetry is concerned, Yang Jiong should probably rank at the bottom of the four outstanding poets."
In 1950s and 1960s, people made a deep study of Yang Jiong's poems. For example, Zhou Zu's Literature History of Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties holds that Yang Jiong's poems are not many, but some are not bad. Most of these five-character poems express the author's own political ambitions, and they are all based on frontier fortress and war life, so they are magnificent and passionate. "Sister Liu's History of the Development of China Literature has a low evaluation of Yang Jiong's poems:" Most of his poems are metrical poems. There are no seven words, only a five-line poem. It can be seen that his use of form in poetry creation is not as extensive as the first three; "Even in terms of poetic talent, it is relatively weak." Liu Kaiyang's Four Masters in the Early Tang Dynasty and Their Poems has a detailed analysis of Yang Jiong's poetic art: he thinks that Yang Jiong's poem On the Road "writes the wanderer's worries as straight as the wind of Han and Wei" and says that "Yang Jiong's Three Gorges poems (Guangxi Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge) are both scenery writing, historical chanting and lyrical. Ma Maoyuan's Three Hundred Tang Poems (Part Two) has many new understandings of Yang Jiong. He thought, "In the past, it was said that the Four Masters had completed the poetic style of five-character poems, but on the whole, it was true. But separately, the development is not balanced, and Yang Jiong has made the greatest contribution, especially great achievements. This is first manifested in his efforts to write the five-word method. More than half of the existing "Yingchuan Collection" has the rule of five-character numbers in poetic style, which illustrates this problem. At the same time, since it is called metrical poetry, it inevitably requires a high degree of metrical. What Yang Jiong has done, such as "joining the army", is just how strict the rules are! How steady the confrontation is! What a delicate poem! How high the tone is! ..... and Lu, Luo, etc., although there are many representative works of five-character method. ..... but if measured according to the strictest requirements of the law, it is not a formal model after all. But from this point of view, Yang Jiong is the most outstanding of the four outstanding figures. After 1980s, some monographs on Yang Jiong's poems appeared. For example, Yang Encheng's On Yang Jiong, a Poet in the Early Tang Dynasty, is a paper that comprehensively evaluates Yang Jiong. This paper holds that Yang Jiong's poems have a wide range of themes, showing richer life content than Shangguan Yi and others, and most of them are five words in form. The article also holds that "as a poet in the early Tang Dynasty, Yang Jiong's poems are not as good as Luo's in content and artistic attainments. His five laws and five elements mostly follow the old topic of ancient Yuefu, lacking personal originality in style and technique. However, his modern poems tend to be more rigorous in metrical form, and Yang Jiong undoubtedly played a pioneering role in laying a five-character metrical poem system and transforming Qi Liang's poems. "