Don Dai Shulun
Yuan Xiang keeps flowing, why does Qu Zi complain?
In late autumn, the smoke rises and the maple trees whisper.
Crossing San Lv Temple is a five-character quatrain written by Dai Shulun, a poet in Tang Dynasty. This poem expresses sympathy for Qu Yuan. The whole poem focuses on the present and the past, focusing on the word "resentment". The language is clear and poetic, which won the praise of poetry critics in past dynasties.
Sentence annotation
(1) San Lv Temple: Quyuan Temple, named after San Lv doctor Quyuan, is located in Miluo County, Hunan Province.
(2) Yuanshui: It refers to the Yuanjiang River and Xiangjiang River, two major rivers in Hunan.
(3) How deep is Qu Zi's resentment? The metaphor of Qu Zi refers to Qu Yuan, which means that Qu Yuan's resentment is like Yuan's deep water in Xiangjiang River. Shenyang: How deep is it?
(4) Sentence of "Sunset": Here is a poem from Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" and "Evocation of Soul": "The autumn wind is curling, the waves in Dongting Lake are under the leaves of trees", and "There is a maple on Zhanjiang River, which hurts Chun Qing. The soul returns to the south of the Yangtze River! " Autumn Smoke: An Autumn Wind. Rustle: The sound of the wind blowing trees.
Vernacular translation
The Xiangjiang River in Yuanjiang is endless, and Qu Yuan's grief and indignation are like water.
In the twilight, the autumn wind suddenly rises from the river, blows into the maple forest, and rustles in my ears.
Creation background
San Lv Temple is a temple dedicated to San Lv Quyuan, a doctor of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the records of the unified Qing Dynasty, the temple is located in the north of Xiangyin County (now Miluo County) in Changsha. After the poet passed by, he thought about things and wrote this mourning poem.
Literary appreciation
Poetry is the art of imagery, and it is also the most suggestive and inspiring art. It is clear but not hidden, and it has become a shallow water with a bottom at a glance. Implicit and unclear, implicit has become a puzzling gobbledygook. Dai Shulun's Crossing San Lv Temple has both, and he meets people in a definite place.
Regarding Qu Yuan, Sima Qian said: "Qu Ping is flat and straight, runs out of loyalty and wisdom, and serves the monarch and respects the world, which can be described as poverty." . Believe and see doubt, be loyal and slander, can you have no complaints? (Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records) The poet expressed his feelings for Qu Yuan with clear and implicit poems around the word "resentment".
Yuanxiang is two rivers often lamented in Qu Yuan's poems. "Huai Sha" said: "Yuan Lane is vast, and the streams are flowing. The road is long and Xiu Yuan is awkward. " "Xiang Jun" also said: "Make Yuan Lane have no waves and make the river flow safely." The poem begins with a distant fragrance, which is not only an impromptu scene, but also a metaphor: Xiangjiang River in Shui Yuan is like Qu Zi's endless grievances for thousands of years. The poet's suffering is like the deep flowing water in a distant land. The "endless" in the previous sentence indicates the length of resentment, and the "deep" in the latter sentence indicates the depth of resentment. Both sentences are written by the word "resentment", and the image is clear and profound, intricate and graceful.
However, why did Qu Zi complain, what did he complain about, and the poet's own feelings and attitudes? This poem doesn't tell the whole story, but only depicts a concrete image. The autumn wind rises on the river, the maple forest falls, and the scenery next to San Lv Temple remains the same. However, after Qu Zi sank into the river, there was nowhere to call back his ghost. "The autumn wind is curling, and Dongting waves are under the leaves." "There are maple trees on the water in Zhanjiang, which are thousands of miles away and hurt the spring. The soul returns to the south of the Yangtze River! " This is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's Nine Songs and Evocation. The poet recalled the past and touched the scene and turned it into the conclusion of the poem: "The autumn wind rises at dusk, and the trees are rustling." The season is late autumn, the time is dusk, and the scenery is maple forest. Coupled with the use of the word "Sasha Vujacic", I feel endless bitterness and infinite affection. This kind of writing is called "knot feelings with scenery" or "cut feelings with scenery" The picture is clear and thought-provoking, poetic and meaningful, and deep feelings are contained in the prescribed scenery description. "Resentment" has been pointed out before. If it is straightforward here, instead of combining clarity and implication, it will become vivid in the air and people will understand it from the outside, which will be very boring. The conclusion of this poem has always been praised by poetry critics.
Qu Yuan was framed by villains many times in his life and was once suspected by the monarch. He was exiled and finally failed to escape from his hometown. His life is full of sadness and resentment, and the short five words that Qu Zi accused Xiao Shenyang are the best summary of Qu Yuan's life. These five words are the essence of his life!