About the details of Liu Yuxi, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
I. Liu Yuxi's Poems
Humble room inscription, autumn ci, Langtaosha, enjoying Lotte's first meal in Yangzhou, Wuyi Lane, Wangdongting, Zhi Zhu ci, Stone City, early arrival on the road, spring ci, introduction to autumn wind, first smell of autumn wind and autumn ci.
Second, the memorial hall
Liu Yuxi Memorial Hall is located in Yanxi Mountain, lianzhou middle school, with cornices, arches and vermilion columns, showing the classical court architecture style of China. The antique and resplendent memorial hall, after careful display, is full of charm: the collocation of lights, murals, poems, bronze statues and other scenes sets off a rich and colorful sense of history.
Third, literary achievements.
poetic sentiment
Poetry Content Liu Yuxi's landscape poems have changed the narrow-minded and bleak style of Dali and Zhenyuan poets, but they often write a half-empty and half-solid open scene of beyond space's real distance, such as "underwater mountains are like snow, and the grass on the bridge is like smoke" ("Fables and plays are given to Lotte after drinking with cows in Nanzhuang"), "The weeds are lush, the gossamer is dazzling, and Luotian is dazzling. Another example is "Wang Dongting"; In this quiet and ethereal landscape, the poet's subjective feelings are integrated, which constitutes a quiet and peaceful atmosphere. However, although Liu Yuxi said that "if he can leave his desire, his heart will be empty", he actively participated in Yongzhen's innovation, in fact, he still had to realize his life ideal in society; His personality is also stubborn, influenced by Taoist thought, but his poems often show a high-spirited, cheerful spirit. For example, one of the two poems "Autumn Poetry" and "Climbing the Tower with Lotte" has a high-spirited power. Liu Yuxi's poetry is clear because of its implicit and deep connotation, open and generous realm and lofty and upward emotion. Liu Yuxi was demoted to the south many times, where folk songs prevailed. Therefore, Liu Yuxi often collects folk songs and learns their styles to create poems. For example, the poem "Egret Son" describes his lonely feelings figuratively, but uses a faint folk song style. There are also some works that are completely modeled after folk songs, such as ci, ci, line, tower ci, Langtaosha ci, Xibaoshan old time and so on. , simple and natural, fresh and lovely, emitting a folk-like rich flavor of life. The following two songs are particularly vivid: Xing No.2 and Ci No.2.
Liu Yuxi's writing style and poetic style are quite unique. He is resolute and heroic. During his years in exile, he felt heavy psychological depression and sang a lamentation for lonely ministers. But he never despaired, he has the soul of a fighter; He wrote several poems, such as Yuan He Ten Years Lang invited Beijing Opera as a gift to a gentleman who looks at flowers, revisiting Xuanduguan Jueju, White Snake, Chrysanthemum Mosquito Ballad, Flying a kite, Hua Tuo Lun, and so on, which repeatedly satirized and attacked his political enemies, causing repeated political repression and blows, but such repression and blows aroused his stronger anger. He said, "I'm from Shandong, and I've felt a lot in my life" (Zhu Qiao Meets the Zen Master). Liu Yuxi lived in Jiaxing with his father in his early years and often went to Xing Wu to visit Jiao Ran and Che Ling, famous Zen monks and poets in the south of the Yangtze River. According to his "Collected Works of Che Masters", at that time, he "wrote inkstones and accompanied poems, all of which were called obedience". This early experience has a great influence on later poetry creation.
Liu Yuxi's poems, whether short or long, are mostly concise and bright, with handsome style, filled with the wisdom of a philosopher and the sincere feelings of a poet, full of artistic tension and heroic momentum. Such as "the north wind mourns the old horse, and the autumn frost moves the birds." Not because of the sense of decline, security can stimulate the heart "(the second part of" Learning Ruan Gong Ti Three Poems ")" Ma Si changes grass and fists, carving Qingyun sleep. Poems such as "Heaven and earth can be swept away, helping the monarch to be healthy" ("Beginning to smell the autumn wind") are written with high spirits and intense style, which has a power to rise and fall and prosper the people. As for his seven-character quatrains, they are also unique, such as: "Mo Dao's slanderers are as deep as waves, and Mo Yanke is as heavy as sand." Although the effort is hard, it still needs a lot of sand to nugget. "("Nine Poems of Langtaosha ",the eighth)" Plum blossoms play the strong flute in Saibei, and Guishushan poems Huainan. Please don't play the previous songs, listen to the new version of Yang Liuzhi. "Poetically, these two works are concise and easy to understand, but through one layer, we will experience a spirit of contempt for suffering, independence, meeting and surpassing suffering, a rushing vitality, an optimistic spirit of abandoning the past and facing the future, and a firm and noble personality connotation. Another example is his famous poem "Poetry of Autumn", which is an anti-traditional view of lamenting and praising autumn, giving autumn a power to guide life and showing the poet's infinite yearning for the realm of freedom. The chest is extremely high and the bone strength is very strong. Liu Yuxi believes in Taoism. Many years later, he said that a poet should "in a word, take all kinds of scenery leisurely" (Wuling Ji of Eastern History). The first sentence refers to the conciseness and implication of language, and the second sentence refers to the observation and meditation of the subject. Therefore, on the one hand, he attaches importance to making the poetic language exquisite and natural through tempering and polishing, and opposes the use of uncommon words. He put forward that "if you write poems with uncommon words, you must have younger generations to learn poetry, that is, you must be well-founded and can't dominate" ("Liu Bin Jia Luhua"); On the other hand, he attaches great importance to the observation and meditation of the subject. In "Preface to Poems in Jiangling after Autumn", he once said: "If you can leave your desire, you will be empty and enter the scene; There must be a leak when entering, it is shaped by words. Because of the situation, it is clear; Words are chosen by wisdom, so the essence is beautiful. "
Most of Liu Yuxi's poems are natural and fluent, concise and refreshing, and at the same time have an open sense of time and space. For example, his famous phrase "Fang Lin's new leaves urge the morning night, and the waves before the flowing water make waves behind him" ("Lotte Three Gentlemen Divide Poems for Their Merits"), the more prosperous it is, the more prosperous Qin Wangfeng is. "Appreciating the Spring Festival Gala in Li Yue, the assistant minister of eastern Zhejiang" is a long sentence, and "By the sinking boat, in front of the sick tree" ("The First Banquet in Yangzhou") is a kind of sentiment after his meditation on history and life. This kind of feeling appears in the poem in the form of image, which not only broadens the horizon, but also has an overtime span, showing the blending of history, reality and future here.
Liu Yuxi's epic is highly respected. These poems, with concise words and carefully selected images, express his meditation after reading all the vicissitudes of life and contain deep feelings. For example, the Spring Festival Evening in Yuezhou is a long sentence, and Old Stories from the West Fort, Wuyi Lane, Stone Town and Temple of the King of Shu are all famous articles.
Besides poetry and prose, Liu Yuxi's creation of Ci and Fu is also an important part of the history of Ci and Fu in Tang Dynasty and even the whole history of Ci and Fu. Eleven pieces of ci and fu, no less than the number of ci and fu in Tang Dynasty. Ma ranked Liu Zongyuan as the first, followed by Han Yu and Liu Yuxi, and compared Liu Zongyuan's ci and fu with Qu Yuan. In fact, rachel himself is quite confident about the level of his articles. In his autobiography of Zi Liu Zi, he said: "Heaven and strength do not make beauty." The "director" here refers to his own literary words. Of course, this "literary word" also includes Ci and Fu. Among Liu Yuxi's eleven works of ci and fu, Qiu is the most respected one by later generations.
Because most of Liu Yuxi's ci and fu were written in the period of relegation, the sadness of chasing officials and the lack of talent became the important themes of his ci and fu creation, and the resentment was his main emotional sustenance, and the Confucian thought of helping the world ran through. In addition, in addition to the works reflecting relegation and melancholy, there are also the legal fu made by imperial examinations, such as Ping Weighing Fu, Yang Shancheng Fu mourning the past and hurting the present, Shang Xiang Fu mourning the death, and Wang Chu Fu describing the scenery and customs. As an important litterateur and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi's poetry made great achievements and was an important field in the study of Tang poetry. Poetry was the mainstream of literature at that time, so Liu Yuxi's creation of ci and fu was bound to be influenced by his poetry creation. For example, the theme of Liu Yuxi's poems influenced the theme of his ci and fu, and many scenes and emotional contents depicted in his poems also appeared in his ci and fu works. Therefore, it is a favorable link to study the interactive relationship between his poems and ci fu.
On Liu Yuxi's essays, the greatest achievement is his essays. One is a monograph, which covers philosophy, politics, medicine, calligraphy, calligraphy and other aspects. Philosophical papers such as "The Theory of Heaven" discussed the materiality of heaven, pointed out the views of "mutual victory" and "mutual use" between man and nature, and analyzed the social roots of "The Theory of Destiny" at that time, which had a certain position in the history of materialism development. Other papers, such as Ansai Rao's Shi Jun Shu, Lun Shu, Ansai Langzhong Fang Shu, Ansai Langzhong Yi Shu, etc., are all quotations, with meticulous reasoning, ingenious and profound, vigorous and smooth. The second is prose. Generally speaking, the topic is set because of something, such as seven articles in the theory of karma; There are also some "reading has feelings, so you should make comments", such as Hua Tuo's theory, the debate on traces, and the theory of Ming Zuo. These works are short, pithy and exquisite. Or use the topic to criticize reality; It is realistic to satirize the present and attack the shortcomings. Liu Yuxi thinks that his specialty is "theory" and Han Yu's specialty is "pen" (Ode to courtiers), which reflects his emphasis on papers. Liu Yuxi's prose, like his poems, is beautiful in rhetoric and implicit in theme. Liu Zongyuan said that he was "the cream of Wen Juan, with endless flavor, which is getting more and more prosperous" (quoted from Liu Yuxi's "Wandering Man Wei's Yue Jie"), which is Shen Zhong's evaluation of Ken.
Fourth, the commemoration of future generations.
Former residence Liu Yuxi's former residence began in the Song Dynasty, and the humble room was expanded and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 1986, the shack was restored by Hexian County, Anhui Province. In the same year, the humble room was approved by the provincial people's government as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit, covering an area of more than 5 mu. In 2008, Anhui Hexian County invested10 million yuan to repair Liu Yuxi's former residence.
Memorial Hall Liu Yuxi Memorial Hall is located in Yanxi Mountain, lianzhou middle school, with cornices, arches and vermilion columns, which fully shows the architectural style of China classical court and looks antique. The antique and resplendent memorial hall, after careful display, is full of charm: the collocation of lights, murals, poems, bronze statues and other scenes sets off a rich and colorful sense of history.
Liu Yuxi, a great poet, was buried in Xingyang, Henan (now Xingyang, Zhengzhou) after his death in Mausoleum. On the basis of Liu Yuxi's tomb, Xingyang Municipal Government has invested heavily to build a large-scale cultural theme park covering an area of more than 280 mu, which is open to the public free of charge. Liu Yuxi's tomb is located in the south highland of Liucun, Langwo, Shilipu Township (now Yulong Town) in the east of Xingyang City, Henan Province, and was called Tanshan in ancient times. The north of the tomb is about 70 meters away from Zhengzhou-Shang Jie Expressway, facing south. There is a round mound about 7.5 meters high and 20 meters in circumference. According to the Records of Xingyang County in the Republic of China, "Liu Yuxi's tomb is in Tanshan Mountain."