Gottschede was also opposed by his student "Bremen Magazine Researcher". 1744, they founded a monthly magazine "A New Theory of Entertainment with Sense and Wit" in Bremen, which marked the new development of the Enlightenment. Bernard Rabe, Gellert and John Elias Schlaege are the important writers who have contributed to the monthly magazine. They have made great contributions to fable and drama creation. However, the most important achievement of the early Enlightenment was not drama, but poetry. Quint was an important poet in18th century. His poems marked the transition from17th century literature to18th century literature, which opened up a new road for the development of poetry. Klobb Stoke is the most outstanding poet in this period. His poems are sincere and enthusiastic, vivid in image and beautiful in rhyme, which has a great influence on the "crazy school" poets.
Vilander was a famous novelist during the Enlightenment. His masterpiece The Story of Agathon (1766 ~ 1767) is the first educational novel in Germany, and he put forward the ideal of "harmonious man" for the first time. But he had to rely on the court to make a living all his life, and his experience can be said to be the same fate of German writers in the18th century. Lessing struggled for the writer's independence all his life, but he still failed. The admirable thing about Lessing is that he never regards his works as a tribute to win the favor of his master. Lessing created a lot of works in his life, including the drama Ming Na von Balheim (1767), Amelia Galloti (1772) and Nathan the Wise (1779), as well as the theoretical work laocoon, or on painting and poetry. Lessing is the founder of German bourgeois national literature, and has also made great contributions to the development of realistic literature (especially drama) theory and aesthetic thought. In France, the revolutionary thought of the Enlightenment was directly transformed into revolutionary action, while the progressive thought of the German Enlightenment continued to develop in the pure spiritual field far from the real political struggle.
18 in the 1970s, a group of young writers launched the "literary revolution", which was called the "sturm und drang" movement in the history of literature. This movement is the continuation and development of the Enlightenment and an important stage of the upward development of bourgeois progressive literature. At first, Harman opposed the early enlighteners' one-sided emphasis on rationality and emotional power. Harman's thought influenced Herder, who purified and perfected Harman's thought and developed it into his own ideological system. Goethe accepted Herder's thought, and after his own processing and improvement, it was embodied in his own literary works and theoretical works, thus affecting almost all rhapsody writers. If Goethe is the standard-bearer of Surge Movement, then Herder is the actual spiritual leader of this movement.
Goethe and held met in Strasbourg on 1770, which marked the beginning of the hurricane movement. Goethe published Goethe's "The Iron Knight Goethe von Berlichenken" in 1773, which is the first representative work of Stewart Delong. The Young Werther, published in 1774, made Goethe famous not only at home but also in Europe, and became the first work with world influence in German literature.
Under the influence of Goethe, his friends klinger, Wagner, Luntz and others made their mark in drama creation, and Lessing called them "Goethe School". Schubart and Schiller, who lived under the tyrant Duke Carl Eugen, also declared war on feudalism in southern Germany. 1770, Boyd founded the magazine gottingen literary yearbook in gottingen, which attracted a group of young writers and became an important force in the "sturm und drang" movement. People call them "Gottingen Lin Yuan School", among which important writers are Faust, Holti, Bilger, Ge Jing and Miller.
Different from enlightenment writers, radical writers no longer emphasize virtue in the general sense, but require people to develop freely and give full play to their talents. What they oppose is no longer abstract immorality, but all social environment and moral concepts that bind and hinder people's all-round development. These thoughts have been fully reflected in Goethe's works during this period. Luntz, Wagner, Bilger, Schubart and Fowles put forward a series of sharp realistic social problems, complaining about the cruelty of feudal forces, the hypocrisy of feudal morality and the unfair treatment of citizens. Schiller's Robber (178 1) declared war on the society openly, and his Conspiracy and Love (1783) regarded the direct confrontation between the citizen class and the feudal aristocracy as a dramatic conflict.