? Wang Wei is not only recognized as Shi Fo, but also a master of Nanshan literati painting (Qian Zhongshu called him "the first painter in the prosperous Tang Dynasty"). Most of his poems are about landscape and pastoral life, and there are many famous poems such as frontier fortress poems and farewell poems. Moreover, he is proficient in temperament and good at calligraphy and seal cutting, which is a rare artistic generalist.
? Wang Wei had positive political ambitions in his early years, hoping to make a great career. Later, the political situation changed, and he gradually became depressed, fasting and chanting Buddha. After becoming an official, Wang Wei used his leisure time in officialdom to build a villa at the foot of the South Blue Sky Mountain in Beijing to cultivate his self-cultivation. The villa was originally owned by Song, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty, and was occupied by Wang Wei after renovation and reconstruction.
? This is a very vast place, with mountains and lakes, Woods and valleys, and some buildings scattered among them. Wang Wei and his intimate friends live a leisurely life, and live a semi-official and semi-secluded life. In his poem, he said, "As time goes by, just give me peace and get rid of everything."
? His famous landscape poem "Autumn Night in the Mountains" was written at this time. Because the air in the mountains is fresh and the moonlight is soft, the stream gurgles after the rain, and the scenery is very pleasant. It triggered Wang Wei's poem and wrote this poem:
An autumn night in the mountains.
Tang: Wang Wei
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night.
The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe.
Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
? It's autumn, and after a rain, the air in the mountains has become fresh. A bright moon rises slowly in the pine forest, and a gurgling stream flows between the stones. Not far away, the music in the bamboo forest can hear the sound of Huan girl's return, and boating disturbs the lotus leaf but no one is there. Let his spring wheat straw die, and let the king and grandson live on this mountain in autumn.
? This poem perfectly combines the autumn rain in the evening after the Qing Dynasty, the beautiful scenery of the mountain village and the simple fashion of the residents in the mountain, showing the poet's satisfaction with his seclusion. Wang Wei's artistic conception is difficult for ordinary people to understand, and it is a kind of beauty of harmony between man and nature.
The first couplet tells us that time: early autumn after rain, location: quiet and empty mountains in the evening, which outlines a natural beauty from time and space; When the lens of the neck joint is changed, from the bright moon in the sky to the pine forest in the mountain stream to the clear spring on the ground, the detailed beauty of the mountain stream scenery is displayed from top to bottom.
? You can't write the scenery without writing about people, so Zhuan Xu wrote about the noisy washerwomans and lotus-picking boats in the bamboo forest, which suddenly enlivened the whole quiet mountain stream. But some people don't understand, don't they say empty mountains? Why would anyone? Isn't it contradictory that the author writes differently before and after?
? In fact, the poet naturally has his reasons for this arrangement, because the dense forest completely covers the traces of human activities, so it will give people the illusion of an empty mountain. This is the same as the artistic conception in The Empty Mountain, and I think I hear a voice (Chai Lu). Jia Dao's Lisao also said, "But which corner of the Chaoyang Mountain is separated by such a cloudy sky, how do I know?" "Because of the fog, I can't see clearly where the master of herb picking has gone.
? In the early days of Shan Yu, everything was new. It was early autumn evening. It is conceivable that the air is fresh and the scenery is wonderful. It is already dark, but there is a bright moon in the sky; The flowers have withered, but there are pine trees covered. The mountain spring is clear and flows among rocks, just like a paradise. No wonder Wang Wei said, "My friend's prince, spring has passed and you are still here. What does it matter?" The last two sentences. I won't feel sorry for losing your beautiful spring scenery, because I have found a place to stay and enjoy.
? Although there is no direct praise for the beauty of autumn here, it gives people the impression that autumn is better than spring. It is also the position in Wang Wei's heart, the performance of leading an honest and clean life, which entrusted his noble feelings and perfect pursuit of the ideal realm. And Liu Yuxi's "I say autumn is better than spring". Comparable, Liu Yuxi is more straightforward, but Wang Wei is tactful and restrained, more delicate and comfortable.
? This famous landscape painting embodies the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of the ideal realm in poetry and painting. The perfect integration of man and nature has formed an ideal realm of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The blending of scenes and scenes, natural and ethereal, just reflects the Zen features of Wang Wei's Shi Fo.
? It is like a fresh and beautiful landscape painting and a quiet and beautiful lyric music, which embodies the creative characteristics of painting in Wang Wei's poems. Among them, "there is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream" has become an eternal saying.