Reading appreciation is the first shortcut to accumulation. Reading appreciation can be accumulated in many aspects, first of all, the level of verbal knowledge. Secondly, the accumulation of emotions, attitudes and values. The accumulation of rereading appreciation methods. There is also the accumulation of history and culture. How can teachers guide students to accumulate in reading appreciation?
1. 1 The teaching design of classroom reading appreciation should reflect the accumulated ideas. Learners need to know the goal of accumulation, determine the object of accumulation, and design standards to evaluate the quality of accumulation. For example, the appreciation of ancient poetry should run through the accumulation of traditional culture, which includes not only the recitation of works, but also the accumulation of metrical knowledge of ancient poetry and common sense of ancient culture closely related to the reading and appreciation of ancient poetry. This knowledge can be accumulated in classroom teaching by pointing with the text, interspersed with shots, special lectures and concentrated training. In short, knowledge should be "essential, easy to understand and useful", so that students can freely use the scaffolding function of this knowledge in reading appreciation and develop into conscious and tasteful readers and appreciators.
1.2 in the organization of extracurricular reading appreciation activities, we should mobilize the accumulated interest. Teachers should strengthen the guidance of students' extracurricular reading, and help students find their own reading accumulation level through Chinese activities (such as reading notes, reading experience reports, selection of best readers, reading essays, etc.).
2. "Cumulative learning" strategy
From the point of view of means, it mainly introduces: note accumulation, note accumulation, diary accumulation and so on.
2. 1 note accumulation. The accumulation of reading notes can mainly record the spark of one's own thoughts. For example, after reading a good article, I feel something in my heart, or I see ancient relics and abnormal phenomena in my life, which touch my heart and write them down in the form of reading notes, thus accumulating thoughts. High school students' thoughts are active, fresh and some are even keen. The accumulation of thoughts can not only promote the generation from thought to speech, but also promote the systematization of students' thoughts.
2.2 Note accumulation. The accumulation of notes can mainly be used as the accumulation of other people's language materials that you appreciate more. For example, good words, good sentences, good paragraphs and even good whole articles are recorded in the form of notes for easy use or memory.
2.3 Diary accumulation. Diary accumulation can be mainly used for the accumulation of life, which can be regarded as the literal expression of words in the heart. Because the psychological development, cultural accomplishment and self-control level of senior high school students have reached a certain level and are developing to a higher level, it is both possible and necessary to accumulate reading notes, notes and diaries.
3. Strategies for accumulating learning skills
From the technical point of view, it mainly introduces: "spark-like" accumulation, "beaded" accumulation, sequential accumulation and so on.
3. 1 "spark" accumulation. The accumulation of high school words requires rote memorization in primary school and junior high school, that is, on the basis of remembering the sound, shape and meaning of a word, more attention is paid to accuracy and discrimination. In this regard, we might as well learn a popular English word "spark" mnemonic method, also called "spark" accumulation method. The similarity of sound, form and meaning is used for spark divergence, and related words are connected in series through some similarity, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate memory and error identification.
3.2 "Beaded" product form. In addition to accumulating words in the text through notes, high school students should also highlight the accumulation of fresh words and idioms. Many people complain that high school students have a small vocabulary and dry language, especially the composition of the college entrance examination, which is boring. The root cause is insufficient vocabulary accumulation. Regarding the accumulation of vocabulary, there is a method in the ancient drinking order that is worth learning. Report a word or idiom first, and then start with the suffix of more than one word and say another word. This can be used as both classroom activities and extracurricular activities. You can do it collectively or entertain yourself. Since it is accumulation, of course, it is done by individuals themselves. Let's call it "beading" word accumulation. You can also use divergence method, such as writing all idioms and proverbs that start with "one".
3.3 Sequential accumulation method. Zhu Zi's Reading Method emphasizes the accumulation of learning from the perspective of study habits and learning quality: "the method of reading should be orderly and regular" and "speak two books, one after the other." In a book, the questions in the text are connected from beginning to end, and they are also orderly. We must do what we can. The word seeks its training, and the sentence seeks its purpose; Don't get ahead, dare not ask for it; If you don't understand this, you can't aspire to that. [3] This means that learning needs to be gradual, step by step, and solid accumulation. Many students' knowledge system is incomplete or their knowledge structure is chaotic, and the fundamental reason is that they have not accumulated in order. Therefore, sequential accumulation is not only an important learning method, but also an excellent learning quality.
3.4 The accumulation of famous sayings and articles. It is best to use the method of classification and accumulate by electronic means. Or classified by times, or by regions, or by authors, or by the content of works, and so on.
4. Encourage students to actively practice activities.
Activity practice can help students master knowledge and culture effectively and enhance their ability to master knowledge. Teachers can make full use of classroom activities, take incentives and other measures to organize students to learn relevant knowledge. You can also use after-class exercises to organize students to watch relevant magazines or articles, so that students can expand their knowledge of Chinese in a good cultural atmosphere and lay a good foundation for subsequent Chinese learning. Teachers can also organize students to watch videos about the accumulation of Chinese knowledge, such as Five Thousand Years of Chinese Characters and Heroes of Chinese Characters, according to the existing teaching conditions, so that students can be liberated from textbooks, and at the same time, the accumulation of basic Chinese knowledge can be strengthened to improve their thinking ability.
Having said that, it must be added that it is most useful to let students organize themselves in the teaching process. Because combing is in the process of accumulation, according to their own strengths, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and gradually form personalized Chinese learning methods, understand the diversity of learning methods, master the basic methods of learning Chinese, and adopt appropriate methods to solve problems in reading and communication as needed. At the same time, through the integration of Chinese knowledge, ability, learning methods, emotions, attitudes, values and other elements.