The socialist value system is the basic view and overall requirement for the future social value appeal of mankind, the continuation of the social value ideal pursued by mankind for thousands of years, and the ideal value appeal for a more humane, equal and free rational society. It is the inner spirit and life soul of the socialist system, and determines the development mode, system and objectives and tasks of the socialist society. This system is a new value system based on the positive sublation of the capitalist value system and the absorption of positive factors in all previous human cultures, with the all-round development of people as the direction and the interests of the people as the goal. The socialist value system also includes the socialist core value system and the general value system, which is a value system composed of multiple value systems dominated by the core value system.
(1) The core value of socialism is to realize people's free and all-round development.
After investigating the economic and social development with historical materialism, the founder of Marxism pointed out that human society generally needs to go through three stages of development-man's dependence on man, man's dependence on things and man's free and all-round development, in order to reach the state of conscious development. These three stages of development focus on values, that is, they form three value forms: god-based, material-based and people-oriented. The social form before capitalism is basically based on god, and people mainly get the value and motivation of development from the illusory god; With the extensive development of capitalist commodity economy, economic and social development has entered the stage of materialization. Human relations of production and society are mainly manifested through commodity exchange, while human nature is concealed in material exchange, and human development is often ignored. Only socialism and socialist society can truly enter a new stage of people-oriented development. Marxism's people-oriented negates and sublates the God-oriented and capital-oriented hidden by the bourgeoisie under the slogan of people-oriented, and also denies the alienated value presented by modern western industrial civilization. It emphasizes that we should aim at realistic people, that is, people, affirm people's value, respect people's dignity, and fully affirm, satisfy and develop people's legitimate and reasonable interests. The ultimate goal of socialist development is to realize people's free and all-round development. Marx and Engels pointed out in the Manifesto of the Productive Party that instead of bourgeois society, "it will be such a consortium, in which the free development of everyone is the condition for the free development of all people". Later, in Das Kapital, he pointed out that the future society will be "a higher social form with everyone's all-round and free development as the basic principle". Man is both a means and an end, and he always judges historical progress according to his scale. Social history is a history in which people's dependence moves towards material dependence and then towards people's all-round development. This kind of social history is a history of constantly liberating people and constantly showing the ultimate concern for people. It can be said that all Marxist theories revolve around how to get rid of exploitation, oppression and alienation and realize human freedom, liberation and development, and regard realizing human freedom, liberation and development as the value ideal and goal of proletarian and human struggle.
(2) Socialist ethical values are to realize social equality, fairness and justice.
After the emergence of class society, one of the biggest characteristics is inequality and obvious unfairness. In a certain social production system, social groups in different positions enjoy political privileges by virtue of their possession of means of production, while another group has no means of production and has to be attached to people and controlled in order to survive. Therefore, people show great differences in economy and politics. These differences are inequality and injustice. Therefore, the opposition, conflict and struggle between those who want to change their status and those who want to maintain their status-class struggle, constitute an important content in the history of human social development. Therefore, in the development of human society, many thinkers try to design an ideal society from the standpoint of super-class, so as to get rid of class and class struggle. Although due to different times, different classes or strata and different social status, the ideal society designed by these thinkers is also strange and has different names; But one thing is the same, that is, without exploitation and oppression, everyone is equal. For example, China's "Datong" world or "Taiping" world, and the western "Utopia" and "Sun City". The whole lower class people have strong ideas and aspirations for social equality and social justice, which are prominently reflected in religious classics, such as the New Testament in the Bible. Socialism, as the opposition, development, inheritance and substitution of capitalism, has absorbed the thought of social equality and justice in the past, and put forward that in order to completely realize social equality, fairness and justice, it is necessary to change the position that the overwhelming majority of people are exploited and oppressed and realize the rule of the overwhelming majority of people. Socialism abolished the private ownership of the means of production and replaced it with public ownership of the means of production, which completely eliminated the economic foundation of the exploiting class, realized the rule over the vast majority of people, and greatly mobilized people's enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. Therefore, it can liberate and develop social productive forces to a great extent and gradually realize the fairness, justice and efficiency that human society has dreamed of for thousands of years. Marx believes that only socialism can achieve real social equality, fairness and justice.
(3) The socialist economic values are to realize the * * * possession of the means of production by the whole society.
Because inequality mainly comes from the possession of property, especially the means of production, people who try their best to advocate social equality or run for it all advocate the existence of property and the elimination of private ownership, and all think that this is the economic guarantee for realizing social equality. It is impossible for a class society based on private ownership to achieve real social equality, so to achieve social equality, it is necessary to abolish private ownership and implement public ownership. Socialism has inherited people's previous ideas about property ownership and social equality. After analyzing the pre-capitalist society and the capitalist real world, it is believed that the economic foundation of class society is private ownership of means of production, which is mainly reflected in the contradiction between socialized mass production and private ownership of means of production in capitalist society. This contradiction cannot be reconciled under the capitalist system. Only when the broad masses of the proletariat rise up to overthrow the rule of the bourgeoisie and turn the private ownership of the means of production into public ownership of the means of production can the proletariat be truly liberated and the development and progress of social productive forces be promoted. Socialism believes that the complete transformation of the ownership form of the means of production is the premise and foundation for realizing the equality of all members of society. Only by letting the whole society share the means of production can we completely eliminate the economic basis of social inequality and realize real social equality. Advocating public ownership of the means of production is not only the essential difference between socialism and the previous society, but also the concrete economic embodiment and economic foundation of the socialist core value system. After entering the class society, the biggest inequality of mankind is the private ownership of property. In order to realize the existence of property, people of insight in human society have been fighting for it since ancient times and spared no effort to shed their blood. Property * * * is the common aspiration of people from all walks of life, which is reflected in the idea of governing the country of the upper elite, the social culture of the broad masses of middle and lower classes, and also permeates the teachings of various religions. People regard the realization of property ownership as the premise and condition to eliminate social inequality. As the most advanced socialist society discovered by mankind so far, it will naturally regard property as its own economic pursuit goal and basic value, which is the inheritance of human ideals and goals for thousands of years.
(4) Socialist political values are to realize that the overwhelming majority of people are masters of their own affairs.
Democracy is the political guarantee to realize the socialist value system. The word democracy comes from ancient Greek, which means "rule by the people" or "rule by the majority". Democracy has been fully developed in some ancient Greek city-states, especially Athens. Capitalist society has developed democracy to a relatively advanced stage and made great achievements. He pushed representative democracy to a relatively perfect level and made great contributions to the development and perfection of democratic system in human society. However, because its democratic system is a limited democracy based on the private ownership of the means of production, it is not the best and most perfect system found by mankind. Although the form of democratic system in capitalist society is very advanced, its essence is the democracy of the owners of means of production with strong capital and absolute advantage in society. There is no real democracy for the broad masses of people. As the opposition, inheritance and substitution of capitalism, socialism not only absorbs the advantages and advantages of the capitalist social democratic system, but also carries it forward. For the first time in human history, socialism has achieved the rule of the overwhelming majority of people, abolished private ownership for the first time, and wiped out the material basis on which the exploiting classes lived. It is a real democratic system. Therefore, political democracy is the basic value pursued by socialism. Without democracy, there would be no socialism. As a value, democracy means that sovereignty belongs to the people, power belongs to the people and power comes from the people. The legitimacy of government rule lies in the consent of the people, not in the will of God or the logic of capital. As a new political system, on the one hand, it critically inherits some experiences and forms of democratic regimes in different historical periods and has the basic characteristics of general democratic politics; On the other hand, because the economic foundation on which it exists and serves is socialism, the actual content and form of its democracy have reached a new ideal realm, and it is the highest type of democratic politics in the development of human society. The essence and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are masters of their own affairs and truly enjoy all civil rights and the right to manage the state, enterprises and institutions.
(5) The socialist social values are to adhere to collectivism.
The so-called collectivism is an ideological theory that advocates that individuals are subordinate to society, and in the relationship between people and society, individual interests should be subordinate to the interests of groups, nations and countries. Personal interest and social interest are essentially two aspects of personal development. Because of the limitation of individuals, they must communicate and unite with others when realizing their own interests, and develop themselves by realizing the same social interests. From the final trend of personal development, the two must be unified, social interests must be reflected in everyone's interests, and everyone will integrate their special interests into the overall interests. The realization of social interests and personal interests are mutually restrictive. Social interests will not be realized by themselves, but must be realized by individuals; What is the status of personal relationship, what is the content of personal interests and how to realize it are also subject to social regulations and restrictions. The consistency between collective interests and individual interests lies in that the former represents the long-term and fundamental interests of each individual, and each member of the collective also takes the maintenance and development of collective interests as the guarantee and premise to realize his own interests. Collective and individual aim at each other. Individuals should aim at the collective and strive to safeguard and promote the collective interests, because the long-term and fundamental interests of individuals depend on the collective interests. At the same time, the collective, as the representative of individual interests, should also aim at individuals, meet their legitimate interests as much as possible in material terms, constantly improve their economic income and living standards, and respect their personal dignity and personality development in spirit. Socialism pursues collectivist values and fundamentally opposes bourgeois individualism. Contrary to capitalism's overemphasis on humanitarianism and the supremacy of the individual, socialism pays attention to the individual's contribution to society and the country. Socialist society is based on public ownership of the means of production. The whole society has the means of production, people are equal, and people form a cooperative relationship of unity and mutual assistance. Collectivism values have incomparable social cohesion and rationality of the times with individualism values and other values, and are values that truly reflect the essence of socialism, reflect the development direction of socialism and conform to the laws of historical development. Collectivism is the main feature and value orientation of the socialist value system.
The socialist value system is rich in content, and its core value is to pursue people's free and all-round development, while its general value mainly includes ethical value (realizing social equality, fairness and justice), political value (realizing that the overwhelming majority of people are masters of their own affairs), economic value (realizing that the whole society has the means of production) and social value (adhering to collectivism). Among them, realizing people's free and all-round development is the ultimate goal of socialism, and the universal values of socialism are all around this goal, and its connotation is determined according to the core values. Socialist values influence and permeate each other, and the specific values at all levels will be adjusted or changed with the development of society and the changes of the times.
Profound connotation
Building a socialist core value system is an important theoretical innovation of our party in ideological and cultural construction, and it is also an important strategic task put forward by the 17th CPC National Congress. It clearly answered the important question of what kind of spiritual banner our party uses to unite and lead all the people to forge ahead and what kind of spiritual outlook the Chinese nation stands in the world under the new historical conditions. We should correctly grasp the profound connotation of the socialist core value system, give full play to its important role of cohesive force, leading fashion and educating people, and strive to transform it into the value orientation, desire and conscious behavior of the broad masses of the people, further form a unified guiding ideology, ideals and beliefs, a strong spiritual pillar and basic moral norms in the whole society, and provide a strong spiritual impetus for promoting sound and rapid economic and social development.
Correctly grasp the profound connotation of the socialist core value system
Values are people's general views and viewpoints on values and value relations formed in practice, and the core value system is the leading value concept and pursuit that all people or most members of a country agree with, generally follow and consciously practice. The socialist core value system embodies the essential requirements of socialist ideology and is an organic whole of the world outlook, outlook on life, values and morality that the broad masses of the people in China should establish at this stage. Including "the guiding ideology of Marxism, the ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the national spirit with patriotism as the core, the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, and the socialist concept of honor and disgrace". These four aspects have distinct political and directional features, a sense of nationality and the sense of the times, which reflect the ideological pursuit, values and behavioral norms that all social members in Socialism with Chinese characteristics must follow at present and for a long time to come.
The guiding ideology of Marxism is the soul of the socialist core value system. China's * * production party is the leading core of socialist modernization, and Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology of China's * * * production party, which determines that Marxism is the soul of the socialist core value system and plays a guiding role in China's social life. To adhere to the guiding position of Marxism, first, we must firmly grasp the guiding power, initiative and discourse power in the ideological field, and never diversify the guiding ideology; Second, we must always adhere to the unified guiding ideology to lead, lead and integrate diverse social thoughts, and form ideological consciousness in the whole society to the maximum extent; Third, we should constantly promote theoretical innovation based on practice, and transform the latest achievements of China Marxism, especially Scientific Outlook on Development, into the fundamental value orientation of transforming the subjective world and the objective world, and into the fundamental value criterion of promoting Socialism with Chinese characteristics's practice.
Socialism with Chinese characteristics's ideal is the theme of the socialist core value system. Ideal is people's yearning for and pursuit of a better life. The same ideal is the value pursuit, value orientation and value goal shared by most people in society, and it is the source of strength for the continuous development of a country and a nation. It is the common pursuit of contemporary China people to take the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and build a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized and harmonious socialist modern country under the leadership of the Production Party of China. This * * * ideal is the banner of the development and progress of contemporary China, and it is also the banner of mobilizing and inspiring the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to unite and struggle. It closely links the development of the country, the rejuvenation of the nation and the happiness of individuals, organically combines the aspirations of all classes and groups, reflects the fundamental interests and universal pursuit of the overwhelming majority of the people in China at this stage, and has strong appeal, affinity and cohesion.
National spirit and spirit of the times are the essence of the socialist core value system. The national spirit and the spirit of the times are the spiritual support for the survival and development of a nation. If a nation does not have noble character, firm ambition and lofty ideals, it is impossible to gather strength and achieve great things; If a nation cannot keep pace with the times, reform and innovate, it will not have vitality and vitality. The Chinese nation is a nation with a long history and glorious tradition. This is a nation that keeps forging ahead, innovating and developing. The national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core are the spiritual support passed down from generation to generation by the Chinese nation and the spiritual bond of the people of all ethnic groups in contemporary China. To promote Socialism with Chinese characteristics's modernization, we must unite people's hearts and inspire their fighting spirit with the national spirit and the spirit of the times, so that the Chinese national spirit can be further developed on the basis of constantly adding new connotations of the times, and the centripetal force, creativity and cohesion of the whole nation can be continuously enhanced.
The socialist concept of honor and disgrace is the foundation of the socialist core value system. Whether a society is harmonious or not and whether a country can achieve long-term stability depends largely on the ideological and moral quality of all members of society. Only by distinguishing honor and disgrace from good and evil can a person form a correct value judgment and a society form a good moral trend. The socialist concept of honor and disgrace covers the relationship between individuals, collectives and countries, involving attitude towards life, moral cultivation and the strategy of governing the country. It embodies the moral principles of patriotism, collectivism and socialism, clearly defines what should be adhered to and advocated and what should be opposed and resisted under the conditions of socialist market economy, and provides basic norms and guidelines for all members of society to distinguish right from wrong, judge the gains and losses of behavior and determine the value orientation.
The four levels of the socialist core value system are clear-cut, well-defined and well-structured. It is a new creation of our party to solve the problem of socialist ideological values according to the basic principles of Marxism and the reality of China since the reform and opening up, and it is a scientific interpretation of the practical problems faced by Socialism with Chinese characteristics from the ideological and cultural level. It adheres to the basic principles of socialism, has the characteristics of China, summarizes the successful experience, has a new generalization summary, and reflects the urgent needs of reality, which can only be realized through hard work. It is a spiritual beacon to promote and form social knowledge under the new historical conditions.
Give full play to the leading role of the socialist core value system
In the historical journey of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's modernization, we must firmly establish the leading position of the socialist core value system in promoting the development and progress of contemporary China, effectively enhance the guiding role of the mainstream socialist ideology in various social trends of thought, form social consciousness to the maximum extent on the premise of respecting differences and accommodating diversity, and continuously consolidate the ideological and moral foundation of social harmony.
First of all, we should correctly understand the diversity of values from the perspective of China's economic and social development and people's ideological reality. Any values are rooted in social practice and reflect social life. With the further development of the reform and opening up and the socialist market economy, the independence, selectivity, variability and difference of people's thoughts are constantly enhanced. Especially under the condition of public ownership economy as the main body and the common development of various ownership economies, different ideas and value orientations reflecting the needs of different stakeholders will inevitably arise. We should face this trend correctly and lead diversified values with the socialist core value system.
Secondly, adhere to the openness of the socialist core value system and constantly improve the attractiveness and appeal of the core value system. Only when the socialist core value system is constantly enriched and developed with the changes of practice can it always maintain its vitality and vigor. On the one hand, we should be open to different cultures of history and reality and absorb all beneficial ideological and cultural achievements created by human beings; He is good at excavating and absorbing the excellent humanistic spirit and rich cultural accumulation of the Chinese nation, and drawing lessons from foreign beneficial explorations in this regard. On the other hand, we should pay attention to new practices, new topics and new experiences, make new creations, new thoughts and new generalizations, constantly absorb new spiritual nourishment and always keep pace with the times. Only by constantly enriching and developing itself and enhancing its vitality can the socialist core value system better grasp the right to speak in real life and play a leading role in other value orientations.
Third, adhere to the leading position of the socialist core value system. As the main body of China's ideology, the socialist core value system has an irreplaceable leading position and influence, and is the spiritual banner of our party leading the social ideological trend. Differences and pluralism of social thoughts exist objectively, but respecting differences is by no means laissez-faire. Tolerance and pluralism are by no means giving up leadership. Only by persisting in leading the society and educating the people with advanced ideas can we fully tap and inspire the positive ideological spirit contained in different classes and groups, effectively guide and drive the transformation of low-level values to high-level, continuously enhance the dominant position of the socialist core value system, maintain coordination and cooperation among different interest groups and social members, and make the society develop healthily, orderly and harmoniously.
Promote the construction of socialist core value system
It is a long-term strategic task to internalize the socialist core value system into people's value pursuit and externalize it into people's behavior consciousness, which requires us to mobilize all forces, persevere and persevere.
First, carry out extensive publicity and popularization, and work hard on "knowledge". The establishment of correct values and the formation of good social customs cannot be separated from extensive publicity and popularization. We should always adhere to the principle of unity and stability, encourage ourselves and publicize positively, vigorously carry forward advanced ideas, healthy sentiments and noble morality, and make thoughts and behaviors conducive to the prosperity of the country, national rejuvenation, social harmony and people's happiness the strongest voice of the times. We should correctly grasp the ideological trends and demands of the masses at all levels, start with the concerns and excitement of the masses, cause * * in the interaction with the masses, and infect the masses in a subtle way. The socialist core value system should be clearly embodied in all aspects of cultural creation and activities, and the positive pursuit of life, noble emotional realm and healthy life interest should be passed on to people, so that people can be encouraged and inspired by the enjoyment of beauty. Efforts should be made to build a number of cultural infrastructures and extensively carry out mass cultural activities, so that the masses can receive education and improve their quality through participation. It is necessary to further highlight the theme, refine the content, continuously improve the pertinence and operability, make the socialist core value system more concrete and popular, and better play a guiding role in practice.
Second, efforts should be made to promote practice and work hard on "credibility". The attraction and appeal of the socialist core value system mainly depends on the direct practice of socialism and social reality. Only when the people get tangible benefits, interests and happiness in the process of practice can they help to identify with the socialist core value system in their hearts, develop from "knowledge" to "faith", and sincerely transform it into their own conscious beliefs, value pursuits and moral norms, and implement them in their daily behavior. It is necessary to establish a complete belief mechanism, reward and punishment mechanism and so on. The behavior of respecting the socialist core value system is praised and encouraged, and the behavior of violating the socialist core value system is degraded and punished.
Third, pay attention to integration and infiltration, and work hard on "doing". Only when the socialist core value system is integrated and infiltrated into all aspects of people's daily work and life can it be transformed into the will and conscious action of the public and truly implemented. To work hard on "doing", we must first integrate the requirements of the socialist core value system into the demonstration and leading role of advanced models, so that people can "lead by example". By cultivating, selecting trees and publicizing advanced models that meet the requirements of the socialist core value system from all aspects, we can guide people to choose and shape their own lives according to the real model people and things around them, so as to make the requirements of the socialist core value system concrete, approachable, credible and feasible. Second, we should integrate the requirements of the socialist core value system into all kinds of spiritual civilization creation activities, give full play to the exemplary role of civilized cities, civilized villages and towns, civilized industries, civilized communities and civilized units, realize * * * enjoyment with * * construction, promote * * construction with * * enjoyment, and let people enhance their spiritual realm and cultivate civilized fashion in serving others and society. The third is to integrate into the requirements of the socialist core value system and build a socialist core value system.
Enter the rules and regulations of all walks of life, and further improve citizens' conventions, village rules and regulations, and student codes. Promote the daily concretization of ideological and moral construction, and strive to reduce details and implement them.