When Confucius traveled eastward, he met two children arguing and asked them why. A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it just rises (I am close to people when it starts/rises/leaves) and far away from people at noon."
Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first rises and close to people at noon. A child said, "The sun is as big as a hood when it first rises, and as small as a plate when it reaches noon. Didn't you say that you look small at a distance and look big at a distance? " Another child said: "When the sun just rose, it was cool, slightly cool, and as hot as putting your hand into hot water at noon. Isn't it cool when it feels hot near and far? "
Confucius can't judge (who is right and who is wrong). The two children smiled and said, "Who said you were learned?"
Second, the central idea of "Two Children Debate Day"
"Two children arguing about Japan" comes from the seventh chapter of Liezi Tang Wen in the Warring States Period, which is an allegorical story. The article describes that in ancient times, two children relied on their own intuition. One thinks that the sun is close to people in the morning, and the other thinks that the sun is close to people at noon. Therefore, they each held one end and argued that even a learned man like Confucius could do nothing.
This story shows that in order to understand nature and explore objective truth, we must dare to think independently and question boldly; It also shows that the universe is infinite and knowledge is infinite. People with knowledge will know something and learn endlessly.
This story can be understood in three parts. Write the argument between Confucius and Lu Yu first, and point out the time, place, characters and reasons of the story. Two children put forward two completely different views on how far the sun is from the earth at different times.
Then write about two children who use the intuition (vision and touch) that people can experience in their daily lives to clarify their views in order to refute each other's views. Finally, I wrote that the argument between Confucius and the two children was inconclusive, which led them to "laugh".
The full text is only a hundred words, but it can give people a lot of inspiration. It is the characteristic of language expression to express characters and unfold stories through dialogue description, which shows the innocence and loveliness of two children and Confucius' scientific attitude of being modest and seeking truth from facts. ?
Third, the explanation of words in Two Children Debate Day
1, eastbound: eastbound.
2. see: see.
3, debate: debate, debate, debate.
Its pronoun stands for "two children".
5. reason: reason, reason.
6. take: think.
7. Beginning: Just now, just now.
8. Go: Leave.
9. Japan and China: noon.
10, Chu: Just now.
1 1. Car cover: The roof of an ancient car was round, like an umbrella.
12, and: to.
13, then: just.
14. jar: an ancient container for food. Round is a dish, and square is a bowl.
15, for: say, pass "say".
16, pale and bright: describe the feeling of cool. Warehouse: It means cold.
17. Soup making: Put your hand into hot water to indicate that it is very hot. Soup and hot water
18, decision: judgment.
19, laughing: It's not sarcasm here, but rhetorical questions are used to highlight the innocence and cuteness of children.
20. you: you
Extended data
Creation background
The Warring States period is a period of great social change, and it is also a period of academic thought contending. Fable, as an important part of the essays of the philosophers, has become a powerful weapon for the philosophers of the Warring States to clarify their political views, academic thoughts and arguments.
Liezi is a collection of fables and fairy tales compiled by Liezi and his disciples under this background. This article is taken from the seventh chapter of Liezi Tang Wen, with the title added by later generations. This article records the story of two children in the Spring and Autumn Period and Confucius, a great scholar at that time.
Liezi, also known as Xu Chongjing, is a classic of the early Huang family. Its ideological theme is mainly Huang Lao, close to Lao Zhuang and pursuing a realm of rushing to nature. All kinds of famous sayings and fables in Xu Chongjing reflect Taoism's yearning for spiritual freedom. Its broad vision, accurate exposition and beautiful writing make people appreciate the beauty of Confucius' prose.
Every word in Liezi, regardless of its length, has its own system and theme, which embodies wisdom and philosophy, is easy to understand and interesting. As long as we read one by one and experience it carefully, we can learn a lesson. It can be compared with Aesop's fables in ancient Greece, but it is far beyond Aesop's fables in artistic conception.
Liezi is one of the important works in China's ancient pre-Qin ideological history. His thought was very close to Taoism, and later it was regarded as a classic by Taoism. The early Western Han Dynasty was quite popular in the world. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ousted hundreds of families and dispersed among the people, the Western Jin Dynasty developed again and reached its peak in the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the second year of Tang Gaozong Gongxi (667), Li Zhizun made Lao Zi emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.
In the 25th year of Xuanzong Kaiyuan (737), Li Longji established a doctor of metaphysics, and designated Laozi, Liezi, Zhuangzi and Wen Zi as required reading books with the title of Four Selections.
In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Lieyukou was regarded as a real person in Xu Chong by posthumous title, and Liezi was called Xu Chongzhen Mirror. In the Song Dynasty, Zhao Heng, the true Sect, added the word "Supreme Virtue" after the word "Xu Chong", and the book title became "Xu Chong Supreme Virtue Classic".
In the sixth year of Huizong (1 1 16), Evonne appointed doctors for Neijing, Daodejing, Liezi and Zhuangzi. The book * * * contains philosophical essays, fables, fairy tales and historical stories 134, such as Huangdi 19, Zhou Muwang 1 1 and Fu Shuo's 30 chapters. Basically, subtle philosophies are expressed in the form of fables. It is a compilation of Liezi's works in the early Warring States period, Liezi's disciples and Liezi's later works.
Character background
Liezi (about 450 BC-375 BC, during the Warring States Period, at the age of 75) was a representative figure of Taoism in the early Warring States Period. Famous Kou, also known as Yu Kou ("Liezi" is the honorific title for him by later generations), was born in Putian (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province) in the Zhou Dynasty, and the ancient emperor was later than Khan. One of the top ten in the world before Qin Dynasty, a famous Taoist scholar? Thinker, philosopher, writer and educator.
Liezi, a thinker in the early Warring States period, was a contemporary of Zheng Miaogong, another Taoist representative besides Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. His scholarship originated from Huangdi Laozi, and he advocated inaction. At the end of Han Dynasty, there were eight volumes of Liezi in the Taoist part of Ban Gu's Yi Wen Zhi. The Han Book Yiwenzhi contains eight volumes of Liezi, which was lost earlier.
This edition of Liezi has eight volumes, which may be compiled by later generations according to ancient materials in terms of ideological content and language use. The book contains 65,438+034 fables, myths and legends, which were compiled and supplemented by Zhang Zhan, a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It covers a wide range of topics, some of which are very instructive.
It has a far-reaching influence on later philosophy, aesthetics, literature, science and technology, health preservation, music and religion. Liezi, whose theory originated from Huangdi Laozi, belongs to Laozi and Zhuangzi. The pre-Qin school of philosophy (Liezixue) was established. He is an important successor of Taoist school between Laozi and Zhuangzi.