Sun Changyin In the late spring of the Qingming Festival
In the late spring of the Qingming Festival, I gazed at the northern mountain frontier.
The flint fire blooms new flames, and the tung blossoms sprout old branches.
Shen Ming is ashamed of his new year's gifts, and banishes his friends from the banquet.
Not as good as the birds in the forest, they move around and feather their feathers.
Translation and annotations
During the Qingming Festival, people can’t go home to visit graves, but they are alone on the road in a foreign land. It’s already uncomfortable; besides, the weather is not good either. With a gloomy face, drizzle fell one after another. His eyes were hazy and his spring shirt was wet. Poet, my soul is almost broken! Find a hotel to take shelter from the rain, warm yourself up, and relieve your worries. But where is the hotel? The poet thought about it and asked the shepherd boy on the roadside. The little shepherd boy riding on the back of the cow pointed in the distance with his hand - Oh, in that village full of apricot flowers, a hotel was raised up in front of it, attracting pedestrians!
1. Qingming: my country’s traditional tomb-sweeping festival, which falls around April 5th in the Gregorian calendar.
2. To be separated from the soul: to describe the deep sadness, as if the soul is about to be separated from the body.
3. Just a question: Excuse me.
Appreciation
This day is the Qingming Festival. Xiao Du happened to be caught in the rain while walking. Although Qingming is a time of bright spring flowers and bright spring flowers, it is also a time when the climate is prone to changes and the weather is often troubled. As far back as the Liang Dynasty, someone recorded that during the Cold Food Festival, two days before Qingming, there were often strong winds and even rain. If it rains on the Qingming Festival, it is also called the Fire Rain. It was such a day that the poet Du Mu encountered.
The poet used the word "Fan" to describe the fire and rain that day, which was really good. How can you see that? One after another, if it describes snow, it should be heavy snow. The so-called "one after another" refers to a heavy snowfall. But when it rains, the situation is exactly the opposite. What makes people feel confused is not heavy rain, but drizzle. This drizzle is exactly the characteristic of spring rain. The drizzle is the kind of light rain that moistens the streets. It is different from the torrential rain in summer, and it is definitely not the same as the pattering autumn rain. The rain has captured the spirit of throwing fire and rain during the Qingming Festival, conveying the melancholy and beautiful state of being cold and bullying flowers, trapping smoke in willows.
There is no doubt that these words here describe the artistic conception of the spring rain; but it is more than that, it also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the person. The mood of a traveler in the rain. Huang Tingjian Qingming
"Qingming"
Author: Huang Tingjian
Original text:
During the Qingming festival, the peaches and plums smile, and the wild fields and graves only produce sorrow.
Thunder shakes the sky and earth, dragons and snakes sting, and rain falls on the grass and trees in the countryside.
People beg for sacrifices for their arrogant concubines, and scholars burn unjust princes to death.
The wise and foolish know who they are for thousands of years, and their eyes are full of basil and grass.
Notes:
1. Peach and plum smile: Use personification to describe the blooming peach and plum flowers.
2. Lei Jing Sen: It means that Qingming has already passed the period of Jingzhe, and everything is thriving.
3. Sting: animals hibernate.
4. People ask: There is a fable in "Mencius". It is said that there was a man in Qi State who went out every day to beg from grave sweepers for food and wine left after sacrifices. After returning home, he boasted to his wives and concubines that he was a butcher and treated him to dinner. This is a greedy and stupid image.
4. Shi Gan Sentence: This is an allusion from the Spring and Autumn Period that Jie Zitui would rather be burned to death than serve as an official again.
5. Basil: weed. Qiu: refers to the grave.
Appreciation:
The meaning of the whole poem is that during the Qingming Festival, the thunder of spring awakens all things, and the universe brings vitality to the earth. The continuous spring rain makes the land lush with fragrant grass, and the peaches and plums are in full bloom. The desolate parts of the wild fields are cemeteries where the dead are buried. The dead sleep underground, making the living feel sad. The poet thought of the deceased from the beautiful scenery of Qingming, from death to life, and to the meaning of life. The poet points out that life is different. In ancient times, a certain Qi man went to the cemetery every day to steal other people's meals to commemorate their loved ones, and he became very greasy after eating. When he returned home, he would lie to his wife and concubines and boast that he was eating and drinking at the house of a friend who was a high official, and how the host entertained him so warmly. The life of such a person is meager and humble, with no personal dignity. There are also some high-ranking scholars, such as Jiezitui in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After he helped Duke Wen of Jin establish the country, he did not want high-ranking officials and generous salaries, but preferred to live in seclusion in the mountains. Duke Wen of Jin wanted him to become an official and ordered the mountain to be set on fire. However, Jie Zitui's ambition was unshakable and he wanted to hold a tree and burn it to death in Mianshan. Huang Tingjian thought of the dead in the wilderness and the value of life from the flowers blooming during the Qingming Festival. He sighed and said that although no matter how wise or foolish they are, they are all the same in the end, the meaning of life is very different.
This is a work by the poet that touches the scene and evokes emotions. He uses contrasting techniques throughout to express his lament about the impermanence of life. The first couplet contrasts the laughter of peaches and plums during the Qingming Festival with the sorrow of the deserted graves, revealing a ruthless sigh towards the world. The second couplet shows a sudden resurgence of all things in nature, which is in sharp contrast to the wild hills full of basil in the next two couplets.
From sweeping tombs during the Qingming Festival to thinking about Qi people begging for food, from eating cold food and banning smoking to thinking about Jie Zitui being burned to death, no matter whether they are wise or foolish, they will end up with a cup of loess. The poet sees the vitality of nature, but what he thinks of is the inescapable fate of death in the world. He expresses a kind of negative and nihilistic thought, and the sad mood is entangled in the lines of the poem. This is inseparable from the political ups and downs of the poet's life and the strong influence he received from Zen Buddhism. However, the work reflects the author's life value orientation and denounces the ugliness of life. It seems negative, but in fact it is indignant.
In fact, the above two explanations are interlinked. This poem was written when the poet was demoted to Yizhou. Frustration in the officialdom and unsatisfactory official career will naturally lead to doubts about the value of one's own life. The people of Qi were arrogant and their wives and concubines were humble like this, and Jie Zitui burned Gao Yi to death in the mountains. However, in a thousand years, each of them is just a handful of loess. So what is the poet's own reason for insisting on his belief? This is the confusion about the future, the emotion about the impermanence of life, and the doubt about the value of life. However, the poet is not easily knocked down after all. Although the people of Qi and the scholars of Jin have all turned into basil grass, the meaning of life is not the same. Who does not know all the wise and foolish people for thousands of years? This can actually be seen as an encouragement from the author to himself. Emotions are complex, as they should be. Ancient Poetry Qingming
Ancient Poetry Qingming
"Qingming"
Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty
It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival,
on the road Pedestrians want to die.
May I ask where the restaurant is?
The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village.
Notes:
1. Qingming: the name of the solar term, which falls on April 4 or 5 of each year in the Gregorian calendar. This poem has not been included in "Collection of Poems by Fan Chuan", "Part Collection" and "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty". It was first seen in "Qianjia Shi" compiled by Xie Fangde. Xie Zhen of the Ming Dynasty thought it was written by Du Mu.
2. Pedestrian: This refers to people traveling abroad.
3. Desire: almost, almost.
4. Broken soul: It is a metaphor for the depth of sadness and sorrow, as if the soul is about to be separated from the body.
5. Just a question: Excuse me.
6. Restaurant: hotel.
7. Xinghua Village: A village deep in the apricot flowers. Later generations named the place famous for its wine production after it.
Appreciation:
The Qingming Festival is a festival that can easily evoke the longing for home for those who are away from home, but the continuous spring rain adds to the sorrow and hardship of the journey. Such a complex thought, but the poet used a very popular language to make a good summary. Next, I asked where the restaurant was, not only because I wanted to rest and relieve my fatigue, but also because I wanted to drink away my sorrows. The whole story ends with the shepherd boy showing the way, which brings comfort and hope to the travelers. It is implicit and has an endless aftertaste. This poem's description of the journey and the expression of the traveler's feelings are very real and natural. The language is also popular and fluent, the syllables are harmonious, the scene is fresh and vivid, and it is easy to understand and remember. Therefore, it has become a household name. Qingming poems
1. On the Qingming night with a good wind and a hazy moon, the blue-green pavilion and the red pavilion are the governor's house. Bai Juyi's "Qingming Night"
2. The pity Gong tree is full of flowers in the distance, and the grass in Wuzhou is green again. Song Zhiwen's "Cold Food Jiangzhou Mantang Station"
3. After the remaining cold is gone, the rain has passed and after the Qingming Festival. Li Zhiyi's "The Remaining Cold of Spring in Xie Chi is Sold Out"
4. The name refers to farm tools, and the mind belongs to fishing coops. Zhang Fan's "Cold Food"
5. Wasps frequently fluttered on the swing rope, and the delicate hands were fragrant at that time. Wu Wenying's "The Wind in the Pines, Listening to the Wind and the Rain, Passing the Qingming Festival"
6. When I grow old, I cherish the heart of flowers, but I am speechless in front of them. Wu Qian's "Begonia Spring has not yet come, and there is a poem about Begonia during the Qingming Dynasty"
7. People living in poverty often have no fireworks, not only in the Ming Dynasty. Meng Yunqing's "Cold Food"
8. Remove the rotten tung flowers and let the rain wash them away. Liu Yong's "Magnolia Slowly Dismantles Tung Blossoms"
9. After the wind and rain, the pear blossoms and the cold food have passed, how many graves have descendants? Gao Qi's "Send off Chen Xiucai and visit the grave on the sand"
10. Birds are singing, the official road is quiet, and the flowers are ruined. Zhang Ji's "Being pregnant from Xiwu Bridge to Guayan Village on Qingming Day"
11. After becoming a child, remember the flower grower. Gu Taiqing's "Linjiang Fairy Planting Begonias on the Day Before Qingming"
12. The dancing waist reaches the willow, and the singing tongue is not as good as that of the warbler. Bai Juyi's "Ten Rhymes for a Cold Food Day in Luoqiao"
13. Chewing gold coins with money, and chiseling out silver poppies. Bai Juyi's "Ten Rhymes for a Cold Food Day in Luoqiao"
14. The sun is abandoned on the way, and the spring is hurt by the pain on the river. Hu Hao's "He Song Zhi Qing Han Shi Qi Linjiang Yi"
15. The sky is long and the dream is short. When I asked about the time, I saw the peach root again. Huang Xiaomai's "The Moon Approaches the Qingming Festival on a Spring Night in Hunan"
16. Green grass belts fragrant forests, and cold ponds are swollen with deep water. Chen Zilong's "Tang Duoling Cold Food"
17. Unbearable, with flying flowers on the temples, next to the trees with green shade and cold smoke. Wu Wenying's "A Qingming Tour on Xizi Zhuangman Lake"
18. I forget to return home when I pick up the greenery in Fangzhou, and I am uncertain about the time for an outing in the beautiful fields. Zhang Xian's "Magnolia Yimao Wuxing Cold Food"
19. The Qingming Festival is very close, but we are guests from far away. Cao Zu's "Reminiscences of the Drinking Companions of Youth"
20. There is a place of concern, which is difficult to see and stare at in vain.
Du Anshi's "Qingming Weather with Cranes Soaring into the Sky"
21. The Tung Blossoms are blooming, and the rain suddenly washes away the Qingming Festival. Liu Yong's "Magnolia Slowly Unwraps Tung Blossoms"
22. The spring breeze returns to Sucao, and there is no new year. Yang Wanli's "Cold Food on the Tomb"
23. The old tourists have disappeared, and I feel melancholy in the east of Luocheng. Zhang Ji's "Being pregnant from Xiwu Bridge to Guayan Village on Qingming Day"
24. I heard that Shanyinhui is still the anniversary of the death of Huo. Hu Hao's "Asking about Cold Food in the Song Dynasty Linjiang Station"
25. Compassionate light cold wind in the wind, small plum blossoms floating in the snow and apricot blossoms red. Han Xie's "Deep Night"
26. Even more people eat cold food and tears, hoping to swell the tide of the city. Wang Anshi's "Renchen Cold Food"
27. It's Qingming in an instant, and the flowers can't be carried on Xiyuan Road. Wu Wenying's "The Qingming Festival When I Light the Red Lips"
28. Try to go up to Wumen to take a peek at the county. There are new smokes in several places during the Qingming Festival. Zhang Ji's "Lvmen Jishi"
29. Sleeping in an ancient alley in a white shirt, with red ropes draped over high branches. Wang Jian's "Cold Food"
30. The stone horse stands on the road, and the paper kite sings in the air. Fan Chengda's "Lidu Road on Qingming Day"
31. Going out of the suburbs during the Qingming Festival, the willows in the lonely mountain city reflect the gate. Yang Huizhi's "Cold Food to the Minister of Zheng Qi"
32. The North Pole embraces the Ming Lord, and the Nanming serves as a chasing minister. Song Zhiwen "The cold food on the way is called Huangmei Linjiang Post and sent to Cui Rong"
33. There are always flowers all the way to the top of the city. Ouyang Xiu "It's good to pick mulberry seeds and go to the West Lake during the Qingming Festival"
34. The small courtyard has heavy curtains and swallows are in the way. Chao Chongzhi "Thanks to the Emperor's Favor, It's Not Long to Eat Cold Food"
35. I am melancholy when the two mandarin ducks are not there, and moss grows on the quiet steps overnight. Wu Wenying's "Wind in the Pines, Listen to the Wind and Rain, Passing the Qingming Festival"
36. Qingchou has less poetry and wine, but more cold food, rain and wind. Zhang Fan's "Cold Food"
37. The fox sleeps on the grave at sunset, and returns home at night in front of the laughing lamp of his children. Gao Zhu's "Wine Drinking on Qingming Day"
38. The sound of cars is heard on the road, and the willows are green in the east city. Meng Haoran's "Qingming Festival"
39. A county official has no time but his deputy envoy, and the cold festival of the year is Qingming. Wang Yucheng's "Drinking Alone on Tomb-Sweeping Day"
40. Where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village in the distance. Du Mu's "Qingming Festival"
41. I tried to open the dowry for a long time, but I felt guilty for being so delicate. Nalan Xingde's "Bodhisattva Manlan's Wind and Rain Encourage Cold Food"
42. Looking at the flowers while drinking wine, I think of my brothers, Du Linghan eats green grass. Wei Yingwu's "Cold Food to the Brothers in the Capital"
43. The country and the country are really worthy of love, and the time can be combined with ease. Bai Juyi's "Ten Rhymes for a Cold Food Day in Luoqiao"
44. The apricot mud is getting red and wet, and the swallows are speechless. Wu Wenying's "Sweeping Flowers and Visiting the West Lake for Cold Food"
45. There are several bamboo poles outside the window, leaning against each other in the cold. Du Anshi's "Qingming Weather with Cranes Soaring into the Sky"
46. Spending the Qingming Festival without flowers and wine, the mood is as dull as a wild monk. Wang Yucheng's "Qingming"
47. The east wind is melancholy for Qingming, and the young master is intoxicated by the bridge. Zhang Bi's "The Palace is Full of Flowers"
48. The weather is fine during the Qingming Festival, so you might as well travel without forgetting to return home. Cheng Hao's "A Trip to the Suburbs"
49. Crows crow and magpies make noise in the dark trees. Who will cry when eating cold food during the Qingming Festival? Bai Juyi's "Cold Food and Ambition Song"
50. Herons peek into the reed foil water, and birds peck at paper money in the wind.
Fan Chengda's "Han Shi Jiao Xing Shu Shi"