Not the same.
The Four Scholars of Wuzhong: Zhang Ruoxu, He Zhizhang, Zhang Xu, and Bao Rong.
The four heroes of Wuzhong: Gao Qi, Yang Ji, Zhang Yu and Xu Bi.
The four talents in Wuzhong: Zhu Yunming, Tang Yin, Wen Zhengming and Xu Zhenqing (Zhou Wenbin).
There is no "Four Families of Wuzhong".
1. The Four Scholars of Wuzhong: Zhang Ruoxu, He Zhizhang, Zhang Xu, and Bao Rong.
In Tang poetry, genres are mostly divided into genres based on poetry content and style, such as frontier poets, landscape poets, pastoral poets, etc.; while the Wuzhong Four Scholars refer to four poets of the same period based on their geographical similarities. Yes, they are all from Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
In ancient times, this area belonged to Wu County. He Zhizhang was from Yongxing in Kuaiji (now Xiaoshan County, Zhejiang Province); Zhang Xu was from Wu, Suzhou (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province); Zhang Ruoxu was from Yangzhou (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province). ); Bao Rong, a native of Yanling, Runzhou (now Danyang City, Jiangsu Province). Therefore, the four people were called the "Four Scholars of Wuzhong" by later generations. Their poems are fresh and graceful, with their own style. Except for Bao Rong, all of them have famous poems handed down from generation to generation.
2. The Four Heroes of Wuzhong: Gao Qi, Yang Ji, Zhang Yu and Xu Bi.
In the early Ming Dynasty, the collective name was given to the poets Gao Qi, Yang Ji, Chang Yu and Xu Ben. Because all four of them are from Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), and they are all famous for their literary works. From the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, most of these four poets recalled the past and wrote poems to express their longing for their hometown and the suffering of their people.
3. The Four Talents of Wuzhong: Zhu Yunming, Tang Yin, Wen Zhengming and Xu Zhenqing (Zhou Wenbin).
Four poets including Xu Zhenqing during the Chenghua and Zhengde years of the Ming Dynasty were collectively known as the "Four Talents in Wuzhong". "History of the Ming Dynasty, Volume 286"): "Xu Zhenqing is as famous as Zhu Yunming, Tang Yin, and Wen Zhengming, and they are called the Four Talents of Wuzhong." Xu, Zhu, Tang, and Wen were active in imitating the first seven scholars and when the retro style was in full swing, they could not rely on them. Meng, outstanding and self-reliant, took the expression of temperament as the first meaning of the poem. At that time, it was indeed rare and valuable.
Although Xu Zhenqing is among the first seven sons, he has many excellent poems and many unique points in his poetry theory. Commentators believe that he is not comparable to Li Mengyang and He Jingming. Tang Yin, Zhu Yunming, and Wen Zhengming were not only good at poetry, but also good at calligraphy and painting, and were known for their versatility.
Extended information:
Gao Qi, the Four Heroes of Wuzhong
1. Character introduction
Gao Qi (1336-1373) Jidi, nicknamed Chaxuan, was a famous poet in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties; Han nationality, a native of Changzhou County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) on Pingjiang Road (renamed Suzhou Prefecture in the Ming Dynasty); together with Yang Ji, Zhang Yu, and Xu Bi, he was known as the "Wu Dynasty" The commentators at the time compared them to the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" and the "Ten Friends of Beiguo" with Wang Xing.
At the beginning of Hongwu, he was recommended to participate in the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", was appointed as the compiler of national history in the Hanlin Academy, and was ordered to teach the kings. Promoted to the right minister of the household department. Wei Guan, the prefect of Suzhou, renovated the government at the site of Zhang Shicheng's palace and was convicted and executed. Gao Qi once wrote "Shang Liang Wen" for him, which included the four characters "dragon, pan, tiger and tiger". He was suspected of praising Zhang Shicheng and had him beheaded. There are "The Complete Collection of Gao Taishi", "The Collection of Fu Zao" and so on.
2. Literary achievements
In terms of literature, Gao Qi can be said to be a genius and a "super imitation show" in the literary world, and what he learns is what he learns, in Ji Xiaolan's words It is said that "in terms of poetry, he imitates the Han and Wei Dynasties like the Han and Wei Dynasties, imitates the Six Dynasties like the Six Dynasties, imitates the Tang Dynasty like the Tang Dynasty, imitates the Song Dynasty like the Song Dynasty, and combines all the strengths of ancient times."
However, Gao Qi’s imitation is by no means mere form and appearance, nor is it a simple copy or deletion. Rather, he started a family after studying under the ancients, and believed that he should “take into account the strengths of others and adapt to the situation.” By imitating it, when it is fully integrated and completely natural, then it can be called generous and avoid the disadvantages of being paranoid." ("Preface to Du'an Collection").
Gao Qi's greatest achievement in literature was that he uniquely took up the task of developing poetry in the unfavorable environment of the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties when romance, novels, and opera were the mainstream culture. It changed the poetic style that had been unrealistic since the late Yuan Dynasty, thus promoting the continued development of poetry. But he died in his prime, before he could achieve his goal of establishing his own family.
Gao Qi has poetic talent. His poems are fresh and superb, vigorous and heroic, and he is especially good at seven-character songs. His poems have different systems and styles. He studied various styles of Han, Wei, Jin and Tang, and there are traces of imitation. However, he is talented and elegant, and has many excellent poems. He is one of the best poets of the Ming Dynasty.
Gao Qi was famous for his poetry in his youth, and together with Yang Ji, Zhang Yu and Xu Bi, he was known as the "Four Heroes of Wuzhong". His literary thoughts advocated adopting the methods of the Han, Wei, Jin, and Tang dynasties, and starting a family after learning from the ancients. He believed that it is necessary to "take into account the strengths of others, imitate them according to the situation, and wait until the time comes to fully integrate them and become completely self-contained. Only then can one be generous and avoid the disadvantages of paranoia." "("Preface to Du'an Collection").
But he died in his prime and was not yet able to achieve the goal of establishing his own family. His poems have different systems and styles. He studied various styles of Han, Wei, Jin and Tang, and all have traces of imitation. However, he was talented and thoughtful, wrote many excellent poems, and was one of the best poets in the Ming Dynasty.
Gao Qi served as an official for only three years and lived in the countryside for a long time. Therefore, some of his poems describe the working life of farmers, such as "Cowherding Ci", "Fishing Ci", "Silkworm Raising Ci", "Duck Shooting Ci" "Ci", "Ci" on Logging, "Ci on Threshing Wheat", "Ci on Tea Picking", "Traveling to the Fields", "Watching the Crops", etc. These poems do not idealize pastoral life, but reflect class exploitation and people's suffering to a certain extent.
For example, "Huzhou Song Farewell to Governor Chen" writes: "The grass is vast and the water is gurgling.
The upper fields are barren and the lower ones are gone. There are few wheat and oxtails in the middle fields, but the crops are not enough to be harvested. Hou came to shake the jade under the mulberry tree and listened to Nong trying to sing Huzhou songs. The song of Huzhou ends in silence, and the lonely village is full of sorrow. ”
Other poems such as “The Old Man Lianqi Retreats to the Farm”, “Passing the Fengkou Battlefield”, “Hearing that the Spear Soldiers Arrive at Chuyue City at Night Tou Gong Mountain”, “Big Water”, etc. also describe the peasants. Suffering under natural disasters and wars. These works are the essence of Gao Qi's poems.
Nine out of ten of Gao Qi's poems are personal descriptions of his feelings, travels to the mountains, and responses to friends. Poetry sometimes reveals a hint of satire on the ruling class. For example, the seventh sentence in Wugu's "Yu Guan" says: "The road is originally straight, but the end is dangerous. A glass of wine will drain your lungs and liver, and you will be suspicious for a moment." Tian Fu expelled Dou Ying, and Zhao Gao falsely accused Li Si. A lot of fakes are squeezed out, but the favor of power is the foundation of disaster. "Exposed the internal contradictions of the ruling class.
Another example is the third chapter of "Taibai Three Chapters" after he resigned from office: "Xinfeng masters must not ignore each other, and human slaves also have the bones of a feudal lord. "In fact, it was a satire on the nouveau riche of the Ming Dynasty. However, Gao Qi's thoughts were more complicated. He also wrote many poems expressing gratitude for the emperor's favor and reclusive and passive poems, but he failed to get rid of his own class limitations.
Gao Qi's poems It has certain characteristics in art. First of all, some of his poems advocate realism and describe the scenery in detail, such as "The rivers and rivers are covered with mist, and the fields are white and full of ice." Sentences such as "Women are cooking in the spring, cocks are calling the plowmen at dawn" are all derived from the real sense of life, novel and lifelike.
Secondly, pay attention to the implicit and profound charm. For example, "The Ballad of Digging the Canal": "The canal is dug deep, Ten fathoms; the canal is as wide as eighty feet. Don't complain when digging the canal is not painful. The Yellow River once opened for more than a thousand feet. I don’t see you, Jia Shangshu. "It's just a few sentences, and it ends abruptly, giving people a profound aftertaste. Thirdly, there are not many allusions, and they strive to be smooth. Some small poems with only a few sentences have a folk song flavor.
For example, Part 2 of "Songs at Four O'clock in the Midnight": "The red makeup is so careless, leaving Nanhu Road at night. I couldn't bear it and went back to the boat. The lotus flowers were as good as the man. "Clear as words, kind and touching. The creation of these poems is related to the close contact with the lower class people when they lived in other places. Gao Qi's poems had a wide influence on the poetry of the Ming Dynasty, so much so that some people praised him as "the crown poet of the Ming Dynasty".< /p>
Gao Qi also writes lyrics, most of which are dull in content and low in tone, inferior to his poems.
His prose is not very original, but "The Book of Bojizhe Shi" is less original. This article is very brilliant. It creates an image of a brave young man who dares to fight against the wealthy gentry. The language is concise, the plot is touching, and it has the style of a Tang Dynasty legend.
In view of Gao Qi's great contribution to poetry, Not only did later generations honor him as "the top poet in the early Ming Dynasty", but poetry critics of all ages also spoke highly of him.
Ji Xiaolan, the "first talented man in the Qing Dynasty", wrote in "Sikuquanshu". In the Summary of the General Catalog, Gao Qi was praised as "a genius with high elegance, who is actually superior to the poets of the Ming Dynasty. In poetry, he imitated the Han and Wei Dynasties like the Han and Wei Dynasties, the Six Dynasties like the Six Dynasties, the Tang Dynasty like the Tang Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty like the Song Dynasty. All the ancients said All things considered long-term.
At the end of the Zhenyuan Dynasty, the habit of slender grain farming and beautiful tapestry was restored to the right, and it was powerful." Zhao Yi of the Qing Dynasty praised him as "the first founding poet of the (Ming Dynasty)" in "Oubei Poetry" "; Chairman Mao, a great man of the generation, simply called Gao Qi "the greatest poet of the Ming Dynasty" in his calligraphy works.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Elites of Wuzhong